Objective To investigate the incidence and structure of mental disability in children with movement disorders. Methods 157 children with movement disorders (103 with cerebral palsy and 54 with mental retardation) were assessed with Gesell developmental schedules,and mental disability was identified as development quotient (DQ)<75. Results The incidence of intelligence disability was 92.2% in children with cerebral palsy, including 91.2% in spastic type, and 100% in dyskinetic, mixed or dystonic type. The development of gross motor was retarded in children with spastic cerebral palsy, and gross and fine motor in children with dyskinetic cerebral palsy, compared with those with mental retardation. Conclusion It is important to focus the mental development in children with movement disorders, especially the dyskinetic cerebral palsy. Gesell developmental schedules should be used carefully to assess the mental development in children with movement disorder.

Adult ; Foot Diseases ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Male ; Melorheostosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Radiography ; X-Rays

Objective To evaluate the effect of point-of-care hemoglobin/hematocrit (POC HGB/HCT) devices and intraoperative blood salvage on the amount of perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion and blood conservation in clinical practice.Methods A total of 46 378 medical records of 22 selected hospitals were reviewed. The volume of allogeneic red blood cell and plasma, number of patients transfused, number of intraoperative autologous blood salvage, total volume of autologous blood transfusion, and amount of surgery in the year of 2011 and 2013 were tracked. Paired t-test was used in intra-group comparison, while t-test of two isolated samples carried out in inter-group comparison. P<0.05 was defined as statistically significant difference.Results In the hospitals where POC HGB/HCT device was used (n=9), the average allogeneic blood transfusion volume per 100 surgical cases in 2013 was significantly lower than that in 2011 (39.86±20.20 vs. 30.49±17.50 Units, t=3.522, P=0.008). In the hospitals without POC HGB/HCT meter, the index was not significantly different between 2013 and 2011. The average allogeneic blood transfusion volume was significantly reduced in 2013 than in 2011 in the hospitals where intraoperative autologous blood salvage ratio [autologous transfusion volume/(autologous transfusion volume+allogeneic transfusion volume)] was increased (n=12, t=2.290, P=0.042). No significant difference of the above index was found in the hospitals whose autologous transfusion ratio did not grow.Conclusion Intraoperative usage of POC HGB/HCT devices and increasing autologous transfusion ratio could reduce perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion.

AIM:To investigate the role of microRNA-486-5p (miR-486-5p) in the apoptosis of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).METHODS: The hMSCs were cul-tured in vitro and exposed to serum-free medium and H2O2(10 mmol/L).The changes of miR-486-5p expression in oxida-tive stress-related apoptosis of hMSCs were measured by real-time PCR.The hMSCs were transfected with miR-486-5p mimic or inhibitor at concentration of 30 nmol/L by Lipofectamine RNAiMAX.The effect of miR-486-5p on H2 O2-induced decrease in cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay.Hoechst 33342 staining and flow cytometry were applied to determine the role of miR-486-5p in the apoptosis of hMSCs.The protein expression was evaluated by Western blotting.Caspase-3 ac-tivity was determined using a caspase-3 activity kit.RESULTS:Compared with control group, the expression of miR-486-5p significantly decreased after treated with H2O2(P<0.05).In addition, over-expression of miR-486-5p in the hMSCs reduced the cell viability, accelerated apoptosis, down-regulated Bcl-2/Bax ratio, caspase-3 enzyme precursor content and phosphorylation of Akt, and activated caspase-3 activity.Conversely, down-regulation of miR-486-5p significantly inhibited H2 O2-induced cell apoptosis and the caspase-3 activity, increased cell viability and up-regulated Bcl-2/Bax ratio and phos-phorylation level of Akt.CONCLUSION:Over-expression of miR-486-5p promotes H2 O2-induced hMSCs apoptosis, and repression of miR-486-5p protects hMSCs from H2 O2-induced cellular apoptosis, which may be mediated by regulating Akt signaling pathway.

OBJECTIVEThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the maximum binding (Bmax) and affinity Kd value changes of acetylcholine receptor (n-AchR) on rat's superficial masseter muscles after functional mandibular advancement.

METHODSForty 5-week-old male SD rats were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The mimic functional appliances were only used in experimental groups, and the rats of two groups were killed after 1, 3, 7, 14 days. Radio-ligand binding assay (RBA) was applied to determine the Bmax and Kd value of n-AchR on the superficial masseter muscles.

RESULTSThe Bmax of n-AchR in experimental groups was higher than that in the control groups at all time points, and the differences had statistical significance. The Kd value of n-AchR was higher in experimental group than that in control groups in 1, 3, 7 days, while Kd value in experimental group of n-AchR was lower than that in control groups in 14 days. The differences had statistical significance in 7 and 14 days, but the differences had no statistical significance in 1 and 3 days.

CONCLUSIONThe functional orthopedics can increase the Bmax and affinity of n-AchR on rapid growing rat's superficial masseter muscles.

Animals ; Male ; Mandibular Advancement ; Masseter Muscle ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Cholinergic

To study the protective effect of Danshen Tongluo capsule on rat hearts in the myocardial infarction (MI) model. After being fed with high fat diets for one month, the SD rats were randomly divided into the sham group and the model group according to the left ventricular ejection fraction (EF). The MI model group was duplicated by ligating coronary artery and then divided into five groups: the model group, the positive control group (model + captopril), the small dose group (model + Danshen Tongluo), the medium dose group (model + Danshen Tongluo) and the high dose group (model + Danshen Tongluo). Four weeks later, changes in myocardium ultra-structure were observed by hemodynamics, cardiac ultrasound and electron microscope. The results showed: (1) All doses of Danshen Tongluo capsule could significantly reduce the left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) (P <0.01), increase the maximum internal pressure of the left ventricle (+ dp/dtmax), and lower the drop rate of left ventricular pressure (- dp/dtmax), with statistical significances in medium and high dose groups; (2) The B ultrasound results showed increase in EF and left ventricular shortening fraction (FS) in all dose groups of Danshen Tongluo capsule; (3) The medium dose group showed significant decrease in myocardial infarction index (P <0.01) and injured and fractured myofilament and sarcomere of ischemic myocardium in myocardial ultra-structure; All of Danshen Tongluo capsule-treated groups revealed reduction in myocardial injury and myocardial infraction area. The study preliminarily proves that Danshen Tongluo capsule can improve hemodynamic function, and has a protective effect on myocardial ischemia.
Animals ; Capsules ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Hemodynamics ; drug effects ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction ; drug therapy ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; ultrastructure ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Ventricular Function, Left ; drug effects

BACKGROUNDTransurethral resection of prostate (TURP) has been widely used as a golden standard therapy of benign prostatic hyperplasia for over 40 years. However, not all patients achieved favorable outcome postoperatively. Since the level of bladder outlet obstruction and the dysfunction of detrusor (overactive and underactive) were both found to affect surgical efficacy, urodynamics was recommended as routine preoperative examination in selecting proper surgical candidates by International Continence Society in spite of its invasiveness and high cost. The aim of this research was to compare the predictive value between ultrasonography and urodynamics for TURP efficacy and determine if preoperative urodynamic test could be replaced by ultrasonography.

METHODSTwo hundred and seventy-one patients took part in the retrospective analysis. All the subjects had preoperative evaluation of symptoms, life quality, and combined examination of ultrasonography and urodynamics. Surgical efficacy was measured according to the recovery of international prostate symptom score, quality of life score, and maximal flow rate 6 months after TURP. Fisher's linear discriminant analysis was applied to establish the predictive models of surgical efficacy by choosing parameters from ultrasonography or urodynamics as independent factors. Receiver's operating characteristic curve was then plotted to compare the values between the models.

RESULTSSensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of models consisting of parameters from both ultrasonography and urodynamics were favorable. Corresponding models of ultrasonography and urodynamics were found to have non-significant difference in area under curve (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSPreoperative ultrasonography has as strong value as urodynamics does in predicting surgical outcome of patients undergone TURP and might take the place of urodynamics in selecting surgical candidates. Further prospective analysis with larger popularity and longer period of follow up should be launched to verify the result of this research.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Humans ; Male ; Prostate ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate ; Treatment Outcome ; Ultrasonography ; Urodynamics ; physiology

Objective To investigate the prevalence and associated risk factors of hypertension in Songnan community so as to provide evidence for the early prevention of hypertension.Methods Cluster sampling was employed,and questionnaire survey was performed in 10 185 residents aged above 40 years in Songnan community of Baoshan District.The questionnaires involved with hypertension and associated risk factors.Results The prevalence of hypertension was 49.9% in Songnan community of Baoshan District,and that of men was significantly higher than that of women(53.7% vs 47.3%)(P

Objective To describe the skeletal CT imaging manifestations in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex(TSC),and to analyze their diagnostic value so as to establish an adequate skeletal change imaging data for the diagnosis of TSC.Methods Thirteen patients fulfilling TSC diagnostic criteria were examined with CT of the brain (n=13)and abdomen (n=7).Examinations from January,2004 to July, 2006 were retrospectively analyzed.Results There were three forms of lesions being demonstrated on CT: (1)Multiple sclerosing nodule (n=13):numerous,ovoid and circular,homogeneous,small and well- defined loci and symmetrical lesions were revealed in all cases in the central marrow portion of the bones, which could mimic blastic metastases.Follow-up CT imaging showed no change in both size and number. The lesions measured approximately 2-10mm.(2)Local sclerosing bone dysplasia with little bone expansion (n=7).Symmetrical and irregular density in the radix of the posterior arch of the vertebral body (n = 5 ).(3 )The spherical periosteal proliferation demonstrating as a cortex double line sign (n=2 ),and cortical thickening of metatarsals (n = 3 ).The appearance of the skeletal manifestation was as that in adulthood.Conclusion CT imaging of the skeletal system in TSC has some characteristics,by which the diagnosis of TSC could be made if combined with other main clinical diagnostic criteria. We suggest that those particular findings can be added as primary diagnostic features in the clinical diagnosis of TSC.

One DRV strain was isolated from Sika Deer brain and sequenced. Nine overlapped gene fragments were amplified by RT-PCR through 3'-RACE and 5'-RACE method, and the complete DRV genome sequence was assembled. The length of the complete genome is 11863bp. The DRV genome organization was similar to other rabies viruses which were composed of five genes and the initiation sites and termination sites were highly conservative. There were mutated amino acids in important antigen sites of nucleoprotein and glycoprotein. The nucleotide and amino acid homologies of gene N, P, M, G, L in strains with completed genomie sequencing were compared. Compared with N gene sequence of other typical rabies viruses, a phylogenetic tree was established . These results indicated that DRV belonged to gene type 1. The highest homology compared with Chinese vaccine strain 3aG was 94%, and the lowest was 71% compared with WCBV. These findings provided theoretical reference for further research in rabies virus.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; DNA, Complementary ; chemistry ; genetics ; Deer ; virology ; Genome, Viral ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Rabies ; virology ; Rabies virus ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid ; Viral Proteins ; genetics