The left coronary artery from the right sinus of Valsalva represents an incidence of 0.017% of angiographic series and 1.3% of total coronary anomalies of angiographic series. The anomalous left coronary artery arising from the right sinus of Valsalva may take either a septal, anterior, interarterial or posterior course. Sudden death is thought to result from transient occlusion of anomalous left coronary artery, particulary when the anomalous artery passes between the aorta and the pulmonary trunk. The left coronary artery from the right sinus of Valsalva with posterior course are thought to be benign anomalies, although rarely myocardial ischemia may occur. A 69-year old woman died suddenly at rest. Coronary angiography revealed that anomalous left coronary artery origin from right sinus of Valsalva without any significant stenotic lesion, the anomalous left coronary artery passed posterior to the aorta. We report the patient with anomalous origined left coronary artery and its course posterior to aorta associated with the sudden death.
Aged ; Aorta ; Arteries ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Vessels* ; Death, Sudden* ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Sinus of Valsalva*

Background Curcumin derives from the rhizome of curcuma longa.It has proven to have an antiproliferative effect in previous studies on vast majority of endothelial and epithelial cells,however,the study of its inhibiting effect on the proliferation of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells and underlying mechanism is rare.Objective Aim of this study was to investigate the potential inhibitory effect of curcumin on the proliferation of cuhured human RPE cells in vitro and its possible mechanism.Methods Human RPE cells harvested by trpsinEDTA were suspended in DMEM/F12 medium with serial dilutions of curcumin (5,10,15,20 mg/L),and the human RPE cells cultured by DMEM/F12 without curcumin were used as control.The proliferation value of human RPE cells (A value) was measured by water-soluble tetrazole-1 (WST-1) assay,the optimized dose of antiproliferation of curcumin was determined and applied for further experimental process.Apoptosis and cell cycle of human RPE cells were detected by flow cytometric analysis at 48 hours and 72 hours after curcumin treatment.The ultrastructure profile of the cells were examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM).Western blot analysis was performed to measure the relative expressing level of the pro-apoptotic factors p53,p21 WAF1/CIP1 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in the cells,respectively.Factorial design of two factor analysis of variance of SPSS 17.0 software was used to compare the difference of A values of the cells among the various groups and time points,and independent-sample t test was used to compare the differences of apoptosis rate and cell ratio in different cycles between curcumin group and control group.Results WST-1 assay showed that the A value was gradually reduced with the increase of curcumin dose (F tion =96.55,P =0.00),and gradually increased with the lapse of time (Ftime =4634.28,P =0.00).The early apoptotic rate of the cells was (13.37±1.26) ％ in the curcumin group 48 hours after treated by 15 mg/L curcumin,and that of the control group was (7.03 ±0.37) ％,with a significant difference between them (t =8.33,P=0.00).In 72 hours after treated by 15 mg/L curcumin,the early and middle-late apoptotic rates of the cells were (15.97±0.16) ％ and (0.26±0.03) ％,which were significantly higher than those of the control group (7.29±0.37) ％ and (0.14±0.02) ％ (t=37.80,P=0.00;t=7.44,P=0.00).The cell ratio of G0/G1 phase in the curcumin group was (57.17±1.17)％ 48 hours after treated by 15 mg/L curcumin,and that in the control group was (67.73± 1.10)％,showing a significant difference (t =11.40,P =0.00).M itochondrial swelling and vacuolar degeneration were seen in the cells after treated by 15 mg/L curcumin.The relative expression levels of p53 and p21WAF1/CIP1 protein in the cells were higher in the curcumin group than those of the control group at 24,48 and 72 hours (all at P＜0.05),but the expression levels of PCNA protein were lower in the curcumin group than those of the control group in various time points (all at P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Curcumin can effectively inhibit the proliferation of human pigment epithelial cells in a dose-and time-dependent manner.P53 pathway may participate in anti-proliferating process.

A comparison of plant and animal stem cells can highlight core aspects of stem-cell biology. In both kingdoms, stem cells are defined by their clonogenic properties and are maintained by intercellular signals. The signaling molecules are different in plants and animals stem cell niches, but the roles of argonaute and polycomb group proteins suggest that there are some molecular similarities.
Animals ; Plant Cells ; Signal Transduction ; Stem Cells ; cytology ; metabolism

A particular problem associated with osseointegrated implants is the fact that the implants lack a periodontal ligament. Thereby, marginal inflammation around an implant may cause more serious bone loss than does marginal inflammation around teeth with a periodontal ligament. In addition, osseointegrated implants are ankylosed and do not haute the same mobility as natural teeth with a periodontal ligament. Implants with a periodontal ligament would eliminate these problems. In order to explore the possibility of producing a periodontal ligament around titanium dental implants, a study of the attachment of cultured periodontal ligament cells to titanium was carried out. Periodontal ligament cells obtained from premolar teeth of individuals undergoing tooth extraction for orthodontic reasons were cultured on titanium-coated epon blocks. Sections of the blocks were cut perpendicular to the surface of the cell layer. Transmission electron microscopy of the periodntal ligament cells/titanium interface showed that there was no evidence of attachment at the cultured periodontal ligament cells titanium interface. The microfilaments, commonly located adjacent to the titanium surface, run mostly parallel to the titanium surface. The study showed that cultured periodontal ligament cells did not create an attachment structure on a titanium surface similar to that of natural teeth.
Actin Cytoskeleton ; Bicuspid ; Dental Implants ; Inflammation ; Ligaments ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Periodontal Ligament* ; Titanium* ; Tooth ; Tooth Extraction

It is now widely accepted that platelet aggregation plays an important role in physiological hemostasis and pathological thrombosis associated with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Anti-platelet aggregation drug research is also a hot spot of current research. The biggest challenge of antiplatelet therapy has been the molecular overlap of the hemostasis and thrombosis, leading to a serious risk of bleeding. Recent studies have emphasized the importance of shear stress generated from blood flow, which will primarily drive platelet activation and aggregation in thrombosis. So if we can take advantage of the differences between the physiological and pathological vascular blood flow environment, the development of selective anti-platelet therapy may be a safer treatment for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. In this review, we discuss the underlying mechanisms of shear-induced platelet activation. Later, we summarize the effects and mechanisms of compounds and traditional Chinese medicine on shear-induced platelet activation. The aim is to provide a reference for the study of biological pharmacology of traditional Chinese medicine for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis.

The effect of Fusarin C, a new mutagen extracted from Fusarium moniliforme,on murine peritoneal M? activation by measuring M?-mediated MTC ADCC and CS,Fusarin C could inhibit M? activation by both MAF and FDP. The inhibitory effect was dose-and time-dependent and the curves of dose-and time-response were similar in all three assays. There is, however, apparent difference in Fusarin C dose and time needed to induce significant in hibition among these assays. Significant inhibition occured at 0.4?g/ml and 0.5?g/ml for MTC and CS respectively, but 1.6?g/ml for ADCC. Similarly, the minimal period of time necessary to bring about significant inhibition was 2 hr for MTC, but 3 hr for ADCC. Finally, significance of the inhibitory effect of Fusarin C on M? anti-tumor activity in relation to carcinogenesis was discussed.

The inhibitory effect of Fusarin C,a new mutagen isolated from Fusarium moniliforme,on M? activation was investigated.The inhibitory effect of Fusarin C disappeared partially after 24 hr culture in the absence of the mycotoxin and completely after 72 hr.In addition,it could be overcome by high concentrations of M? activating factor or anti-serum to the target cells.

Identification and validation of a new target is one of the most important steps for new antituberculosis (TB) drug discovery. Researches have shown that Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) encodes 20 CYP450 enzymes which play important roles in the synthesis and metabolism of lipid, cholesterol utilization, and the electron transport of respiratory chain in Mtb. With the critical roles within the organism as well as the protein structures of six Mtb CYP450 enzymes being clarified, some of them have been highlighted as potential anti-tuberculosis targets. In this paper, the phylogenetic analysis, the structural features, and the enzymatic functions of Mtb CYPs, as well as the mechanism of interactions with selective inhibitors such as azole antifungal agents for the CYPs have been reviewed and summarized. The druggability of the CYPs has also been analyzed for their further utility as targets in high throughput screening and rational design of more selective inhibitors.

Angioplasty, Balloon ; methods ; Aortic Coarctation ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; therapy ; Aortography ; Cardiac Catheterization ; methods ; Child ; Humans ; Male ; Platinum ; Prosthesis Design ; Stents ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome

Angioplasty, Balloon ; methods ; Aortic Valve Stenosis ; therapy ; Cardiac Pacing, Artificial ; methods ; Child, Preschool ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Infant ; Male