0.05);(2)In aged women with type 2 diabetes mellitus and the aged control group,the BMD and the level of estrogen decreased and the level of D-pyd increased,compared with those of the aged men with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Conclusion The BMD of aged patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is not different from that of the aged control group.The change of BMD may be a result of aging.The BMD was lower and D-pyd was higher in aged female than those in male and the possible reason is the decrease of estrogen level.

Carcinogens, Environmental ; Ecotoxicology ; Neoplasms ; etiology

Objective To explore the influences of parent-child attachment security memory activation on college students'general attachment working model. Methods 152 college students were randomly distributed to three groups, among which there were two experimental groups accepting father-child or mother-child memory activation,and one control group accepting non-interpersonal memory activation. Results Mather-child security memory activation significantly increased subjects' scores on others-model of general attachment to females (F= 3.83;P ＜0.05), scores of mather-child security memory activation group were significantly higher than those of fatherchild group ( 7.88 ± 7.24,4.49 ± 7.53; P ＜ 0.05 ) and control group ( 7.88 ± 7.24,4.71 ± 6.83; P ＜ 0.05 ).Father-child security memory activation significantly increased subjects' scores on self-model of general attachment to males (F= 6.35; P ＜ 0.01 ), scores of father-child security memory activation group were significantly higher than that of mather-child group (6.33 ±5.39,2.44 ±6.14; P＜0.01 ) and control group (6.33 ± 5.39,2.59 ±6.10; P ＜ 0.01 ). Conclusion Parent-child attachment security memory activation have major influences on college students' general attachment working model, in which the effect of gender differences provides some inspiration for clinical interferences.

Colorectal cancer(CRC) is kind of the common malignant tumor worldwide.Bad prognosis is always due to distal metastasis.In recent years,the research on chemokines targeted on cancer metastasis and directing on the movement of the tumor cells have been more and more deeply taken into consideration.Chemokine CXCL12 and its specific chemokine receptor CXCR4 play important roles in CRC cell's targeted cancer metastasis and directing movement by signal transduction mechanism.Researches showed that it can inhibit the migration and invasion of the tumor through interception chemokine receptor CXCR4 by many ways.The studies of this signal may be a potential target sit for gene therapy.The aim of this review was to summarize the current knowledge of these researches.

OBJECTIVE:To discuss on how to make use of the space resource of open-shelf retail drugstore to get more benefits. METHODS:Magnet theory was applied to analyze commodity display location in drugstore included in cases and improvement program was put forward. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:It is meaningful to make schedules for commodity display location in open-shelf retail drugstore,which can guide customens to consume appropriately by means of psychological method and form psychological induction to conduct customers’consumption and contribute to utilization ratio of display facilites and commodity sales in drugstore.

Objective To compare the clinical results of the intramedullary nails (Gamma nail and the proximal femoral nail) in treatment of intertrochanteric fractures of femur. Methods A review study was conducted on 116 intertrochanteric fractures of femur treated with the Gamma nail and 89 treated with PFN in our hospital between 2000 and 2003. Results In the Gamma nail group, the mean time for operation was 68.3(48 to 106)minutes,the mean blood loss during operation was 261(180 to 400)mL,the mean time for walking after operation was 5.0 (2.3 to 8.9)weeks and the mean time for bone union was 8.6(7.1 to 12.6)weeks. In the PFN group, the mean time for operation was 48.0(36 to 85)minutes, the mean blood loss during operation was 192(120 to 360)mL,the mean time for walking after operation was 5.3(2.5 to 8.1)weeks and the mean time for bone union was 8.8(6.9 to 12.1)weeks. There were significant differences in the mean time for operation and the mean blood loss between the 2 groups(P

OBJECTIVE To investigate the bacterial distribution and antibiotic resistance situation with urinary tract infection(UTI) for the guidance of rational use of antibiotics.METHODS The antibiotic resistance of clinical isolates from urinary tract infection from Mar 2005 to Jul 2006 was analyzed. RESULTS The most common pathogens in urinary tract infection were Escherichia coli(50.2%),Enterococcus(14.4%),Staphyloccus aureus(8.7%),Klebsiella pneumoniae(7.3%),and Proteus mirabilis(3.9%).E.coli,K.pneumoniae,and P.mirabilis were found to be highly resistant to ampicillin,quinolones and SMZ(70.6-100.0%).Enterococcus were highly resistant to penicillin and quinolones(81.0-96.8%).41.4% of E.coli and 31.3% of K.pneumoniae isolates produced ESBLs.HLGR-Enterococcus were 79.4%.78.9% S.aureus isolates were resistant to oxacillin.CONCLUSIONS The high antibiotic resistance of commonly encountered pathogens is a serious problem and much attention should be paid to detect pathogens and their antibiotic resistance.

Objective To compare the clinical outcomes of percutaneous cannulated lag screws versus posterior buttress plate in the fixation for posterior malleolar fractures.Methods We reviewed the 167 patients who had been treated between January 2010 and December 2014 for ankle fracture involving larger than 25％ of the articular surface of the posterior malleolus.They received posterior malleolus fixation with percutaneous cannulated lag screws or with a buttress plate.In the cannulated screw group (84 patients),there were 47 males and 37 females,aged from 23 to 72 years (average,49.7 ±9.1 years),and 39 cases of type B and 45 ones of type C according to the Dennis-Webber classification.In the buttress plate group (83 patients),there were 38 males and 45 females,aged from 31 to 69 years (average,52.3 ± 8.3 years),and 45 cases of type B and 38 ones of type C according to the Dennis-Webber classification.At 6 and 12 months postoperation and the final follow-up,the ankle motion was evaluated using American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score and range of motion (ROM).Results The average operation time for the cannulated screw group was significantly shorter than for the buttress plate group (Z =-9.145,P ＜ 0.001).No fracture nonunion,reduction loss or incision infection happened in either group.In the cannulated screw group,we detected malunion with a step-off beyond 2 mm in 5 patients,and penetration of one cannulated lag screw into the tibiofibular syndesmosis in 3 patients.In the buttress plate group,we detected toe flexion contracture in 4 patients,and uncomfortable feeling in ankle motion in 7 patients.At the final follow-up,X-rays and CT scans in the 2 groups showed no obvious post-traumatic osteoarthritis of the ankle.There were no significant differences between the 2 groups regarding the AOFAS scores at 6 and 12 months postoperation and the final follow-up(P ＞ 0.05);the AOFAS scores at the final follow-up for all the patients were significantly different from those at 6 and 12 months postoperation (P ＜ 0.05).At the final follow-up,there were no significant differences between the 2 groups regarding ROMs of dorsal flexion,plantar flexion,varus or valgus (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions As there are no significant differences between the percutaneous cannulated lag screws and posterior buttress plate in AOFAS score and ROM of the ankle after fixation for posterior malleolar fractures,the 2 fixation methods can both achieve good clinical outcomes.Fixation with cannulated lag screws has advantages of indirect reduction and minimal invasion but also a disadvantage of uncertain quality of reduction;fixation with buttress plates has an advantage of anatomical reduction under direct vision but also shortcomings of relatively large invasion and high cost.

This study focused on prevention and treatment of acute and chronic asthma by oligonucleotides containing unmethylated CpG motifs (CpG-ODNs). Acute and chronic asthma models of mice were made by sensitizing and inhaling ovalbumin (OVA); The number of white blood cells (WBC) and eosnophils (EOS) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was counted and the concentration of cytokines and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was examined in BALF by ELISA kit. After that, TLR-9 mRNA was detected in mice spleen cells by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and TLR-9 protein was determined in mice lung tissues by Western blotting. Compared with acute asthma models of mice, WBC in BALF decreased obviously in the groups of Bordetella pertussis, CpG-ODNs and seq A to seq I which were administrated by both of intragastric (ig) and intraperitoneal (ip) injection group, EOS decreased obviously in Bordetella pertussis, CpG+ and seq A to seq D ig groups, and in all ip administrating groups, although it was not effective in the groups of seq E to seq I. In chronic asthma models of mice, IFN-gamma increased ((1) control: 176.45 +/- 23.46 pg x mL(-1); (2) model: 174.11 +/- 22.71 pg x mL(-1); (3) CpG+ ip: 220.56 +/- 15.42 pg x mL(-1); (4) seq A ip: 225.23 +/- 21.60 pg x mL(-1)) and IL-4 decreased obviously (1) control: 66.91 +/- 5.81 pg x mL(-1); (2) model: 81.02 +/- 11.24 pg x mL(-1); (3) CpG+ ip: 63.99 +/- 6.09 pg x mL(-1); (4) seq A ip: 62.75 +/- 10.03 pg x mL(-1)) in the BALF of CpG+ and seq A ip group, although VEGF was not changed in this research. And also, TLR-9 mRNA in spleen cells (TLR-9/GAPDH: (1) control: 0.62 +/- 0.13; (2) model: 0.66 +/- 0.17; (3) CpG+ ip: 1.46 +/- 0.26; (4) seq A ip: 1.42 +/- 0.34) and TLR-9 protein in lung tissues (TLR-9/beta-actin: (1) control: 0.63 +/- 0.16; (2) model: 0.61 +/- 0.07; (3) CpG+ ip: 1.15 +/- 0.25; (4) seq A ip: 1.03 +/- 0.29) both increased in ip groups, but the change was not significant in ig group. The study confirms that CpG-ODNs and seq A could inhibit airway inflammation remarkably, this mechanism might be related with regulating Th1/Th2 balance and controlling the expression of TLR-9.

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a special subtype of acute myeloid leukemia, characterized by the reciprocal chromosomal translocation of t (15;17)(q22;q21), which generates PML-RARαfusion protein. All-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) and As2O3 could induce APL cells to differentiation and apoptosis, respectively, making APL become the first curable leukemia. Autophagy is one of metabolic mechanisms to maintain cell homeostasis. Recent studies have showed that autophagy plays an important role in the differentiation of APL cells induced by ATRA/As2O3. Meanwhile, autophagy may affect the sensitivity of APL cells to the pro-apoptotic effect of drugs. Therefore, targeting and regulating autophagy might be a new therapeutic approach of APL and even other leukemia in the future. This article will briefly review the advance of autophagy in APL in recent years.