BACKGROUND: Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist can relieve damage of neuron and protect nerve. Aminoglutaric acid can induce exitotoxicity through activating some kinds of aminoglutaric acid receptor, at the same time, can protect nerve through some receptors. But the relationship between them was unclear during the process of cerebral ischemia reperfusion.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of neuroprotective actions of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist on hippocampal neurons, and the relationship between interleukin-1 receptor antagonist and metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 within the process of cerebral ischemic reperfusion injury.DESIGN: Completed randomized controlled study.SETTING: State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; School of Medicine & Life, Jianghan University.MATERIALS: The experiment was performed at State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Science from May 2004 to January 2005. Totally 32 well-being pure breed male Wistar rats were selected.METHODS: Totally 32 rats were divided into four groups by method of the simple random sampling: normal group (n=8) received no surgical treatment, sham operated group (n=8) subjected to only dorsal and ventral neck midline incisions and gently dissection of the bilateral common carotid arteries free of surrounding nerve fibers without occlusion of the both vertebral arteries and common carotid arteries, saline group (n=8) suffered from the permanently occlusion of the both vertebral arteries by electrocauterization and transient (20 minutes) occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries respectively, and received the treatment of a 2 μL normal saline injection into right lateral ventricle at the rate of 0.4 μL/minute following a needle withdrawal within 5 minutes, and experiment group (n=8) offered the same procedure of the saline group but for that the equivalent amount of rhIL-1ra took the place of normal saline into the lateral ventricle. Hematein-eosin staining was applied to observe pathological changes and immunohistochemistry (ABC) was used to survey the IR of mGluR5 varieties of the hippocampal neurons.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Basic pathological changes of hip pocampus and cerebral cortex; ② mGluR5 immunoreactivity (IR) of hippocampus, the sensitive area to cerebral ischemia.RESULTS: Two rats were excluded from the experiment on account of their convulsion during reperfusion (one of the experiment group, another of the saline group), data of 30 rats was entered final analysis. ①Basic pathological changes of hippocampus and cerebral cortex: The Hemateineosin (H.E) staining showed that there is little pathological discrepancy between the normal group and the sham operated group, apparent neuronal degeneration such as peripheral edema around neurons, pyknosis, karyorrhexis and so onin the hippocampus and cortex of the rats of the saline group compared with those of the previous groups, and also the pronounced lower degree of neuronal degenerationin the rats of the experiment group.② mGluR5 immunoreactivity (IR) of hippocampus, the sensitive area to cerebral ischemia (absorbency): The immunohistochemistry presented that the mGluR5 immunoreactivity (IR) of CA1, CA3 areas of the normal group and sham group rats was strong positive (CA1: 0.54±0.12, 0.54±0.05; CA3:0.57±0.02, 0.58±0.08;P ＞ 0.05) Compared with of the normal group and sham group, the mGluR5 IR of the saline and the experiment groups reduced apparently (CA1: 0.30±0.03, 0.40±0.04; CA3: 0.30±0.04, 0.42±0.06;P ＜ 0.01), but the mGluR5 IR of the experiment group was quite stronger than that of the saline one (P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION: IL-1ra, one member of the Interleukin-1 family (system)of the cytokines, and mGluR5, one subtype of the metabotropic glutamate receptors were both involved in the pathophysiological process of the global cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury of the rat. Also, as the antagonist of the proimflammatory medium intetleukin-1 receptor, IL-1ra may show neuroprotection by affecting the mGluR5 expression of the CA1 and CA3 areas of the rat hippocampus within the process of cerebral ischemic reperfusion injury. Furthermore, here it demonstrated that besides IL-1ra, other factors might regulate the expression of mGluR5.

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) play an important role in tumor metastasis.Detections of CTCs are contribute to tumor treatment,which can provide reliable basis for predicting the prognosis and efficacy.CTCs are related to the staging and distant metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).The number changes of CTCs are associated with the chemotherapy and radiotherapy effects and prognosis in NSCLC.Almost the same phenomena have been discovered in small cell lung cancer.In the future,CTCs may be used to monitor the occurrence of drug resistant tumor cells and help individual therapy for lung cancer.

Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Mandibulofacial Dysostosis

Congresses as Topic ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Rhinitis

Humans ; Rhinitis, Vasomotor ; physiopathology

It is now widely accepted that platelet aggregation plays an important role in physiological hemostasis and pathological thrombosis associated with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Anti-platelet aggregation drug research is also a hot spot of current research. The biggest challenge of antiplatelet therapy has been the molecular overlap of the hemostasis and thrombosis, leading to a serious risk of bleeding. Recent studies have emphasized the importance of shear stress generated from blood flow, which will primarily drive platelet activation and aggregation in thrombosis. So if we can take advantage of the differences between the physiological and pathological vascular blood flow environment, the development of selective anti-platelet therapy may be a safer treatment for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. In this review, we discuss the underlying mechanisms of shear-induced platelet activation. Later, we summarize the effects and mechanisms of compounds and traditional Chinese medicine on shear-induced platelet activation. The aim is to provide a reference for the study of biological pharmacology of traditional Chinese medicine for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis.

Objective: To investigate the vinegar-processing technology of Corydalis Rhizoma under the modern alcohol extraction process conditions and to provide the basis for explaining the vinegar-processing significance of Corydalis Rhizoma. Methods: The contents of 10 alkaloids (allocryptopine, sea papaverine hydrochloride, berberine, palmatine, berberine, dehydrogenation corydaline, tetrahydropalmatine, corydaline, tetrahydro coptisine, and dehydrogenation sea papaverine) extracted from the viniger-processed Corydalis Rhizoma (VCR) and raw Corydalis Rhizoma (RCR) were analyzed, and the vasodilatation activity of intestinal absorption was compared. Results: Among the contents of 10 alkaloids in VCR and RCR, four of them increased while six of them decreased, and the vasodilatation activity of intestinal absorption of VCR was little higher than that of RCR, there was no obvious difference. Conclusion: In the view of the correlation between the content of the 10 compounds and the vasodilatation activity of VCR and RCR, there are not direct relationship.

OBJECTIVE: To optimize the culture temperature of recombinant CHO-DG44 cells expressing tumor necrosis factor receptor-Fc fusion protein and to determine the bioactivity of expressed protein at the best culture temperature. METHODS: Recombinant CHO cells were batchly cultured at three different temperatures (37°C, 37°C shifting to 31°C and 31°C). Samples were daily tested for cell densities, viabilities, glucose concentration, lactic acid concentration and TNFR-Fc fusion protein concentration, then the best culture temperature was chosen to scale up the fermentation volume (10, 50, 200 mL, and 2 L). TNFR-Fc fusion protein was purified with Protein A affinity chromatography, determined for relative molecular mass, purity and neutralizing activity by SDS-PAGE, SE-HPLC and WST-8 separately. RESULTS: The culture condition of 37°C shifting to 31°C resulted in the maximum viable cell density, high viability and long culture time of the cells as well as high TNFR-Fc protein productivity, and this culture procedure could be successfully applied to the scale-up of recombinant CHO cells. The purified fusion protein, with a relative molecular mass about 150 000, reached the purity of more than 93% and neutralized the cytotoxic effect of TNFα. CONCLUSION: Compared to the traditional culture temperature of 37°C, the culture temperature of 37°C shifting to 31°C can obviously improve the TNFR-Fc fusion protein output by recombinant CHO-DG44 cells. And this technique can be applied to scale-up, which will lay a foundation of large scale industrial production.

Case based teaching was applied in order to enhance the teaching efficacy and clinical safety for resident doctors in anesthesia training centers and to arouse their learning incentives and improve their clinical performance.Case based discussions on basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation and multiple traumas were conducted.Process consciousness was enhanced and theoretical knowledge analysis was combined with practical clinical skill training for residents in department of anesthesiology to improve the quality of training.

Objective By using estradiol(E2) as positive control to observe the effects of genistein(GST) on the matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor 1 mRNA levels of HSC-T6 cell in vitro.Methods HSC-T6 cells were exposed to different concentrations of E2 0.1?mol/L and GST 0.5-50?mol/L for 36 hours.The TIMP-1 mRNA levels were measured by the quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results The TIMP-1 mRNA levels of HSC-T6 cells at different concentrations of E2 and GST were lower than those of the normal control(P