Animals ; Catalysis ; Cell Adhesion ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Humans ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Osseointegration ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Osteoblasts ; cytology ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Osteogenesis ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Photochemical Processes ; Surface Properties ; radiation effects ; Time Factors ; Titanium ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; radiation effects ; Ultraviolet Rays

Patient′s expectation has been defined as the anticipation that given events were likely to occur during, or as an outcome of, health care. What people expect from their health care are potentially important in predicting patient satisfaction and dissatisfaction with their care, treatment and health outcomes. There was widespread recognition of the importance of evaluating services from consumer perspectives. In this article, domestic and foreign research in recent years, expectations status, significance and various influencing factors in relation to the expectations in processes of health care were summarized. Consumer evaluations of their health care are now an established component of quality assessment, planners need to understand the expectations underlying patients′views in order to interpret their feedback. Thus leading to improve patient satisfaction and the social evaluation of medical units.

Objective To investigate whether N-methyl-D-aspartate(NMDA) signal pathway is involved in platelet-activating factor(PAF)-induced apoptosis in neurons.Methods Mice cortex neurons were treated by PAF in different dose for 24 hours or pretreated by a PAF receptor antagonist BN52021, an NMDA receptor antagonist MK801 and a nitric oxide synthase(NOS) inhibitor L-NAME for 30 min. Then the neurons were stained by propidium iodide(PI)/calcein AM and the images were taken by a digital camera on a fluorescent microscope. Neuron death ratio(%) was calculated. In the mean time, neuron NOS(nNOS) expression of the cells was detected by Western Blot method, as well as nNOS activity was measured by 3H radioimmunoassay.Results (1)Neuronal death increased after neurons were treated with 0.01, 0.1, 0.3 and 0.6 ?mol/L PAF 24 h. There were signifitantly changed in 0.3 ?mol/L and 0.6?mol/L comparing control. (2)PAF-induced neurotoxicity was prevented not only by BN5021, but also by MK-801 or L-NAME. (3)PAF enhanced nNOS expression and activity in neurons.Conclusion NMDA signal pathway is involved in platelet-activating factor-induced neurotoxicity.

Objective To investigate whether PSD 93 reduce neurotoxity induced by platelet activating factor (PAF) and study on the mechanism of cell molecularbiology.Methods PAF treated the cultural cortex neurons in wild type and PSD 93 knockout mice and the cells were stained with PI/Calcein AM for apoptosis; neuronal viability was measured by MTT. The expression of PSD93 and PSD95 protein in neurons was tested by Western Blot.Results PSD 93 and PSD 95 expressed in wild type neurons and only PSD 95 expressed in PSD 93 knockout. Cortex neuronal apoptosis in PSD 93 knockout mice was lower then that in wild type ( P

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension, Renal ; Infant ; Male ; Retrospective Studies

Aging as a global problem is intensifying with the development of economy; reducing the chronic diseases in the elderly and improving the life quality of the whole population are a study focus of medical researchers of today. The changes of cells, tissues, and organs in adults are not reversible to different extents. Fetal origin hypothesis believes malnutrition early in life is closely associated with the metabolic syndrome in adults, and if measures is taken at early stage of life, it may reduce or avoid a series of disease in adults. This paper reviews the association of malnutrition at early stage of life with metabolic syndrome (obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertension, and hyperlipemia) in adults.

Objective To investigate the possible roles of serum bilirubin and uric acid in the course of carotid artery intima thicken/plaque formation. Methods Patients with ischemic cerebral vascular disease were divided into the control group, intima thicken group and plaque formation group according to the carotid artery intimamedia thickness (IMT) examination by B-mode ultrasound. The serum bilirubin and uric acid were detected by Automatic Chemistry Analyzer. Results The serum level of uric acid of (391.22 ± 27.52) μmol/L in intima thicken group was significantly higher than that in the control group and plaque formation group((307.32 ± 13.68)μmol/L and (327.84 ± 17.96)μmol/L, P ＜ 0.05). The serum level of indirect bilirubin and total bilirubin in plaque formation group was (10.96 ± 0.58) μmol/L and (15.91 ± 0.71) μmol/L respecitively, which were significantly lower than those in the control group ((15.09 ± 2.21) μmol/L and (20.59 ± 2.43) μmol/L,respectively) and the intima thicken group((15.09 ± 2.21) μmol/L and (20.59 ± 2.43) μmol/L, respectively) (Psignificantly lower than that of (5.70 ± 0.28) μmol/L in the control group(P ＜ 0.05). Conclusions Bilirubin and uric acid play different roles in carotid artery plaque formation during different stage.

Age Determination by Skeleton ; Body Height ; drug effects ; Child ; Child Development ; drug effects ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; methods ; Female ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Growth Hormone ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Menarche ; Puberty, Precocious ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Treatment Outcome

Different teaching methods were chosen based on different teaching contents in pharmacological theory teaching.Then teaching contents seem simple,interesting and acceptable.The students were more interested in the subject.The results of investiga- tion showed that teaching quality had improved through using this technology.

AIM To study the boosting effect of Maximin 2 on expression of HLA DR and HLA ABC by cultured bladder cancer cell lines and compare with TNF ??IFN ?. METHODS Cell culture and FCM were used to dectect the effects of Maximin 2,TNF and IFN on the cell growth of three types of bladder cancer cell lines and HLA DR and HLA ABC expression under the IC 50 culture concentration. RESULTS Maximin 2 had show inhibition to cells growth under the small dosage. TNF ??IFN ? also had the effect on restrain all 3 cell lines growth. The expression of HLA DR was not any change in all 3 cell lines after being stimulated by Maximin 2?TNF ? and IFN ?, Maximin 2 and TNF ? can not change HLA ABC expression, IFN ? can up regulate HLA ABC expression. CONCLUSION Maximin 2 show the dose dependent effect on cell growth suppression; The mechanism of antitumor of Maximin 2 seems not relate to the enhanced expression of HLA DR or HLA ABC, TNF ? and IFN ? also not found effect to HLA DR expression. Since IFN ? are able to increase the expression of HLA ABC expression,enhanced recognization and cytotoxity of CTL to bladder cancer cells. It is may be one of the mechanism of antitumor of IFN ?.