With the improvement of endoscopic retrograde eholangiopancreatography (ERCP) technology, endoscopy is not only applied to diagnosis, but also utilized to therapy for cholangiopancreatic neoplasm. This article is to summarize the application of endoscopic technology on cholangiopancreatic neoplasm.

Objective An investigation was conducted to assess the chemopreventive effects of celecoxib, a selective cyclooxygenase(COX)-2 inhibitor, on a rat colon carcinogenesis model induced by dimethylhydrazine (DMH). The results were compared with those of sulindac. Methods Thirty-two 8-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (n=8 each):Group A rats were treated with DMH(120 mg/kg wt, single subcutaneous injection) alone and group B rats were treated with saline alone. Group C rats were pre-treated with sulindac (320 mg/kg feedstuff) and group D rats pre-treated with celecoxib (1500 mg/kg feedstuff) for 7 days before DMH initiation. The animals were killed at the end of the experiment (week 5) and the aberrant crypt foci(ACF) and aberrant crypt(AC) of the colonic mucosa were assessed after being stained with methylene blue. Results In group A(DMH only), the average numbers of ACF and AC were 182.4?93.43 and 262.8?197.8 respectively. In group B (saline group) rats, no ACF was found. In group C (sulindac group) rats, the average numbers of ACF and AC were 91.25?48.98 and 139.60?68.52 respectively, both of them were decreased significantly as compared with those in Group A (P

Objective To compare the feasibility,effectivity and security of modified trabeculectomy in advanced stage angle-close glaucoma with cataract.Methods One hundred and forty-five patients (151 eyes) of advanced stage angle-close glaucoma with cataract were enrolled in this study.Among them,85 patients(91 eyes,observation group) were treated with modified trabeculectomy with the resection of deep scleral resection and 60 patients (60 eyes,control group) were treated with routine trabeculectomy.The visual acuity,intraocular pressure (IOP),type of filtering bleb and postoperative complication were compared.Results There was significant difference in the visual acuity ＜ 0.1,0.4-0.5,＞ 0.5 between after operation for 1 month and before operation in two groups (P ＜ 0.05).but there was no significant difference in the visual acuity 0.1-0.3 (P ＞ 0.05).The IOP before operation in observation group was (29.6 ± 4.1) mmHg (1 mmHg =0.133 kPa),12 months after operation was (13.1 ± 4.9) mmHg,the degree of decrease was (16.6 ± 5.0) mmHg.The IOP before operation in control group was (30.4 ± 6.3) mmHg,12 months after operation was (18.9 ± 3.0) mmHg,the degree of decrease was (10.4 ± 4.0) mmHg.The IOP after operation and the degree of decrease between two groups had significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).The functional filtering bleb(Ⅰ type and Ⅱ type) in observation group was 77 eyes(84.6％,77/91),and 51 eyes(85.0％,51/60) in control group,there was no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).After operation for 1 month,there was 8 eyes appeared transient hypotony in observation group and 5 eyes in control group,there was no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The modified trabeculectomy in advanced stage angle-close glaucoma with cataract can reduce IOP more effectively and not increase the intraoperative risk and postoperative complication.

Objective To investigate the clinical features of Mekel diverticulitis,and to improve the cognition rate and diagnosis rate of the disease.Methods The clinical data of 7 patients with Mekel diverticulitis misdiagnosed as acute appendicitis were retrospectively analyzed,and the related literature was reviewed.Results 7 cases of Mekel diverticulitis were misdiagnosed as acute appendicitis before surgery,all corrected diagnosis and operation.One case of mild incision infection after surgery,the remaining 6 cases did not appear complications.After treatment were cured after 7-12d discharged.Conclusion Mekel diverticulitis is lack of specific clinical manifestations and effective auxiliary examination method,easily misdiagnosed as acute appendicitis,when the clinical manifestations of appendicitis is not typical,need to further analysis,identification;when the surgery found appendix lesions are not coincide with clinical practice,the distal ileum should be routinely probed to determine the presence of Meckel diverticulitis.

Objective To evaluate the clinical diagnostic value and limitation of MRI and contrast enhancement MRA (CE-MRA) in congenital heart disease of children. Methods Three hundred patients with congenital heart disease underwent CE-MRA. 173 were confirmed by operation. The results of MRA and CE-MRA were compared with operation data. Results 196 (86.0%) intracardiac malformation including septal defect and valve anomaly were diagnosed correctly by MRI within 228 abnormalities which were confirmed by operation. 101 (96.2%) extracardiac malformation including great vessels stenosis and anomalous connection were diagnosed correctly by MRI and MRA within 105 abnormalities which were confirmed by operation. Conclusion MRI and CE-MRA are very accurate diagnostic method for extracardiac malformation. CE-MRA is the best sequence for congenital heart disease.

Objective To report 6 cases of congenital heart disease with high origin of coronary artery and to evaluate the imaging method for diagnosis of congenital high origin of coronary artery. Methods Six patients with congenital high origin of coronary artery underwent angiocardiography ,echocardiography ,and 2 patients also underwent magnetic resonance examination. All 6 cases were confirmed by operation. Results All 6 cases were congenital high origin of right coronary artery. Angiocardiography made correct diagnosis in all 6 cases; MRI made the correct diagnosis in 1 of the 2 cases; echocardiography made 1 correct diagnosis. Conclusion Correct diagnosis of congenital high origin of coronary artery was very important for patients with congenital heart disease. Angiocardiography was a very reliable imaging method and MRI can play an important role in preoperative diagnosis of congenital high origin of coronary artery.

OBJECTIVE:To provide basis and advices for the research of new traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in Sichuan province.METHODS: The data of the application and registration of TCM treated as new medicine and new TCM in Sichuan province from 2001 to 2006 were analyzed and evaluated statistically.RESULTS: The number of the application was growing but new medicine was countable with low approval rate.The research institutes hadn’t played a prominent role in the research of new drug.CONCLUSION: The innovation and research of original TCM and the transformation of achievement should be enhanced to achieve the goal of a strong province on TCM.

Objective To evaluate different angiocardiographic techniques of congenital heart disease in children. Methods 11045 pediatric patients with congenital heart disease were performed angiocardiography using cut film, cine film and digital subtraction angiography(DSA) equipments. Different angiocardiographic techniques were used. Results The diagnostic accuracy of cut film with conventional AP and lateral views was 80.5%,the diagnostic accuracy of cine film with angulated views was 90.0% and the diagnostic accuracy of DSA using non-ionic contrast medium with angulated views was 96.5%. Conclusion Dynamic picture angiography with digital subtraction using non-ionic contrast medium under rapid injection is the key for claiming the high quality imaging diaguosis of congenital heart disease in children.

Remote organ ischemic preconditioning is to conduct a transient and sublethal ischemic adaptation in non-vital organs before occurring cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in remote vital organs. Remote organ iscbemic preconditioning has been studied for as long as 15 years in the field of myocardial iscbemia. However, only recently it has become a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of cerebrovascular diseases, This article briefly reviews the methods and mechanisms involved in the protective effects of cerebral ischemia of remote organ ischemic preconditioning.

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of MRI on fetal neural tube defects.Methods Ten pregnant women,aged from 25 to 35 years(average 28 years)and with gestation from 20-39 weeks(average 33 weeks)were studied with a 1.5 T superconductive MR unit within 24 to 48 hours after ultrasound(US)studies.The imaging protocol included fast-imaging employing steady-state acquisition,single-shot FSE and T_1-weighted fast inversion recovery motion insensitive sequences in the axial,frontal,and sagittal planes relative to the fetal brain,thorax,abdomen,and spines.Prenatal US and MRI findings were compared with postnatal MRI diagnoses(3 fetuses)or autopsy(7 fetuses).Results Ten pregnant women(9 with a single fetus and 1 with twin fetuses)were examined.For all cases,the diagnoses established by MRI were correct when compared with postnatal diagnosis or autopsy.In 7 cases,US and MRI findings were in complete agreement with postnatal diagnoses.US missed the diagnosis in 1 case and misdiagnosed in 2 cases.Ten neural tube defects in this study included anencephaly(1 case),exencephaly (1 case),meningoencephalocele associated with amniotic band sequence(1 case),meningocele(1 case),thoracic myelomeningocele(1 case),lumbar spinal bifida(1 case),sacroiliac myelomeningocele(2 cases),sacroiliac large cystic spinal meningocele(1 case),sacroiliac spinal bifida(1 case).Conclusions Prenatal MRI is effective in the assessment of fetal neural tube defects.It can exactly discriminate herniated contents and locate the spinal lesion level.