Objective To explore the effects of anatomical and nonanatomical hepatectomy on the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods A total of 62 HCC patients were enrolled,including 33 cases of anatomical hepatectomy(Group AH)and 29 cases of nonanatomical hepa-tectomy(Group IH).The operation situation and hematocrystallin(HB)loss were record.Fasting venous blood of HCC patients were extracted for detection of circulating AFP mRNA expression.The recurrence, mortality and complication rate were recorded at the same time.Results The operative time of Group AH was significantly higher than that of Group IH,while the bleeding volume and HB loss were lower(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in AFP mRNA expression and recurrence rate.The short-term mortality rate of Group AH was lower than Group IH(P<0.05 ),but their long-term mortality rates were similar(P>0.05 ).There was no significant difference in complication rate between groups.Patients of Group AH got more hepatosis due to liver cirrhosis or fibrosis,while patients of Group IH got more bleeding or infection due to the central tumor.Conclusion Anatomical hepatectomy has advantages in protecting artery and improving prognosis for HCC patients,but it has surgical risks for patients with serious patholog-ical damage in hepatic lobes,and nonanatomical hepatectomy may be considered.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of the combined detection of serum Fer,AFP and AFP-L3 in patients with primary hepatic cancer (PHC).Methods The serum levels of Fer,AFP and AFP-L3 were determined in 92 patients with PHC,84 patients with benign liver disease,and 45 control subjects.Results The PHC group serum Fer was (819.4±616.8) μg/L,AFP was (556.9±451.5) μg/L,AFP-L3 was (109.0±62.5) μg/L.The benign liver disease group Fer was (229.3±155.5) μg/L,AFP was (6.0±4.2) μg/L,AFP-L3 was (26.0±49.4) μg/L.The healthy control group Fer was (125.6±110.5) μg/L,AFP was (2.8±0.8) μg/L,AFP-L was (7.0±1.8) μg/L,there was significant difference between the three groups (all P ＜ 0.01).The sensitivity of PHC group alone in detection of serum Fer was 85.9 ％,the sensitivity of AFP was 71.0 ％,the sensitivity of AFP-L3 was 83.7 ％,the combined detection of Fer and AFP or AFP-L3 improved the sensitivity of the test to 90.2 ％ and 95.7 ％,the three combined detection sensitivity was 98.9 ％.Conclusion Combined detection of serum Fer,AFP and AFP-L3 is essential in the diagnosis of PHC.

MicroRNA ( miRNA) is a family of 19 - 24 nucleotides small non - coding RNA in eukaryotic organisms , which can regulate genes at the post - transcriptional level. miRNA has been shown to be involved in a variety of cellular processes such as development, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis etc, and is closely related to the oncogene-sis. Recent study indicates that several miRNAs play an important role in initiation and progression of hematological malignancies. miRNA expression profiling has identified signatures associated with diagnoses, prognoses and therapy of hematological malignancies. The review discusses miRNA and its biogenesis, functional mechanisms and potential role in the diagnosis , prognoses and therapy of hematological malignancies.

With the improvement of endoscopic retrograde eholangiopancreatography (ERCP) technology, endoscopy is not only applied to diagnosis, but also utilized to therapy for cholangiopancreatic neoplasm. This article is to summarize the application of endoscopic technology on cholangiopancreatic neoplasm.

Ontogenesis of gastrin cells (G cells) and somatostatin cells (D cells) in the gastrointestinal tract was studied by PAP and indirect immunofluorescence method in sixty human fetuses aged 8-38 weeks of gestation. The appearance of D cells and G cells was observed as early as 8-9 weeks of gestation. These cells were not seen in the submucosa and the tunica muscularis except the epithelium of gut. After 12 weeks of gestation, D cells can be found in the mucosa of the whole gut, whereas G cells only in the mucosa of the antrum and small intestine. The distribution, number and the ratio of G cells to D cells were also examined. In addition, we have observed that G cells in the antral mucosa often possessed processes which were considered to have paracrine function. The G cells and D cells were open-type endocrine cells in the human fetal gut except the D cells in the fundic mucosa. The possible function of G cells and D cells in the development of gut was discussed. The ratio of the two cell types in adult human antrum and upper duodenum has also been compared with that of fetus.

By means of ATPase histochemistry and OKT-6 immunogold-silver staining, it was demonstrated that Langerhans ceils (LC) were present in the epithelia of human skin, palatine tonsil, ectocervix and esophagus. In the skin LC were located mainly in the stratum spinosum of the epidermis. There were some LC in the hair follicle and duct of sebaceous gland, and a few in the dermis and around sebaceous gland acinus. In the tonsil, ectocervix and esophagus, LC were located mainly in the middle layer of epithelia. No LC were found in the lymphoid follicle and thymus-dependent zone of the tonsil, and no LC in the lamina propria of ectocervix and esophagus. ATPase histochemistry was also used to examine the distribution of epidermal LC in normal human skin of various ages and various anatomic regions. This study showed that the density and morphology of epidermal LC varied with age and different anatomic regions of human body. Statistical analysis indicated that LC density in various age groups was as follows: fetus

The aim of this study is to investigate comparatively the relationship between the endocrine and argyrophil cells in the rat gastrointestinal tract by means of the IGS, PAP immunohistochemical and Grimelius technique in the same sections. The results showed that the SS cells and almost G ceils can not be identified by Grimelius technique. The Grimelius technique had high specifity to reveal EC cells in the antrum of stomach and the intestine. Our technique is relatively simple and reliable, and may be used for consecutive demonstration of argyrophil cells and bioactive peptide-containing cells.

Objective Observe the pupil constrict response to the pilocarpin,identify the difference of the response between the young and the old.Methods Use the infrared digital camera of sonyF717 to record the dynamic variety of the pupil constrict response to the 1%pilocarpine liposome and the pilocarpine liquid in dark environment.Then deliver the data to the computer,measure the data by imagetool software,analysis the data by the Sigamastat software.Results In darkness,the pupil diameter of the young is equally 6.8?0.643mm,the old is equally 4.4?0.447mm.T test t=16.1,P

Objective To analyse the imaging characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis(TB) in elder in order to improve its diagnostic accuracy.Methods Radiological and CT fndings of pulmonary tuberculosis in 200 old patients were analysed retrospectively.Results The types of TB in 200 patients were:type Ⅱin 13 cases(6.5%),type Ⅲ in 163 cases (81.5%),accompanied with the pleuritis in 44 cases(22%) and type Ⅳ in 24 cases (12%).The mainly imaging findings included:old lesions in 85 cases(42.5%),exudative and/or multiplicative lesions in 81 cases (40.5%),caseous pneumonia in 47 cases(23.5%),cavitive lesions in 127 cases(63.5%),tuberculoma in 12 cases(6%),miliary nodules in 13 cases(6.5%),TB pleuritis in 68 cases(34%) and enlargement of lymph nodes in 57 cases (28.5%).Conclusion TB in elder is of characteristics of atypical location and unstable morphology.

With the development of molecular mechanisms of hepatocelluar carcinoma,targeted therapy has been a research hotspot in recent years.Some target agents of hepatocellular carcinoma have been approved.We summarize the progress of targeted therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma in this paper.