Qualitative changes in the health hazards are at issue as the rural communities have been transformed in recent years. One such sign is the obesity of women in the rural communities. There is a need to make an epidemiological study on what effects obesity has brought about on their health.
We have conducted a fact-finding survey on the distribution of obesity among rural women, changes in the rate of obesity by age, relations among obesity, abnormal findings in various examinations and morbidity, relations between annual changes in body weight and changes in the test values as well as relations between obesity and factors associated with the living environment for an analysis.
The survey covered persons who underwent a mass health screening we carried out in Nagano Prefecture. In checking relations between changes in the rate of obesity and factors associated with the living environment, inhabitants of the village of Yachiho in South Saku County of Nagano Prefecture were covered,
Findings: The rate of obesity has become higher among rural women in their middle and high age brackets. Particularly, there were marked signs of obesity between 1950 and 1970. By occupation, the rate was high among women who were not engaged in farm work, but by area, the rate was high among women living in the mountain areas. By crop, there were signs of a rise in the rate in areas where vegetables constituted the main produce. There were also signs of a rise among women whose gross income and non-agricultural income were high. In relation to health hazards, the morbidityassociated with the circulatory, endocrine, muscular and skeletal systems was high. In terms of test values, the higher the obesity, the higher the maximum and minimum blood pressure values, ischemic changes ECG, arteriosclerotic changes in the fundus, GOT, GPT, blood glucose, uric acid and total cholesterol. In the dietary pattern, there were signs that the intakes of calory, protein, fat and sugar were higher among women with obesity, whereas the intake of calcium, iron and vitamin C was rather low. By type of food, the intake of sugar, oil and drinks was high among women with obesity, but that of beans, fishes and shellfishes, milk and greens was low. Though the calory was high, signs of an unbalanced nutrition intake, which could be described as low in nutrition, could be observed.

We present one case of true aneurysm of the branchial artery which is very rare among peripheral aneurysms. A 52-year-old woman developed a bruise on the right upper arm around June 1993, but did nothing about it because she felt no symptoms. A pulsating mass became palpable at this site around the following month. Digital subtraction angiography revealed an aneurysm formation of 1.5×1.5cm in size in the right brachial artery. Operative findings showed that the wall of the aneurysm joined the normal region and all the vascular layers in the aneurysm were maintained. After resection of the aneurysm, end-to-end anastomosis was carried out. A diagnosis of true aneurysm was confirmed by the pathohistological findings that the vascular three-layer structure was maintained, with few arteriosclerotic changes.

  A look at the reports of accidents or near accidents in our hospital revealed that the incidence of falls or stumbles in children was at the top of the list in frequency. In the past five years, our pediatric ward has experienced an average of about 10 such cases annually. Regarding the risk of falling, advice is given by nurses to parents during the orientation session when their babies and little children are hospitalized. However,the advice was entirely subjective - not going by any rule or guidelines. Recently, an assessment score sheet for the risk factors for falling and a preventive measure against falls was drafted and trial used, with the result that changes were observed in the way the nurses in their 20s watch and take care of the little patients. Moreover, they became able to look after the infants according to their age, developmental stage and disposition. The use of the common pamphlet helped the young nurses gain selfconfidence even though they are inexperienced in child-rearing and nursing.  From these results, we concluded that the uniform guideline and order of priority led to the improvement of the quality of nursing in the nurses in their 20s.

Adenocarcinoma currently accounts for 10–25% of all uterine cervical carcinomas and has a variety of histopathological subtypes. Among them, mucinous carcinoma gastric type is not associated with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and a poor prognosis, while villoglandular carcinoma has an association with high-risk HPV infection and a good prognosis. They show relatively characteristic imaging findings which can be suggested by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), though the former is sometimes difficult to be distinguished from lobular endocervical glandular hyperplasia. Various kinds of other tumors including squamous cell carcinoma should be also differentiated on MRI, while it is currently difficult to distinguish them on MRI, and HPV screening and pathological confirmation are usually necessary for definite diagnosis and further patient management.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Mass Screening ; Prognosis ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; Uterus