Human interleukin-15 (hIL-15) is an important cytokine to activate endothelial cells and can be regulated by many other cytokines. The aim of this study is to examine the ability of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) to induce the production of human interleukin-15 (hIL-15) and IL-15 receptor (IL-15Ralpha) by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The data are summarized as follows: 1. Northern blot revealed that IL-15 mRNA was up-regulated by IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha. 2. Intracellular IL-15 protein was visualized by fluorescence microscopy, whereas the expression of IL-15 on the surface of HUVECs was detected by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS), and no detectable IL-15 in the medium was verified by ELISA. 3. IL-15Ralpha was detected on the surface of HUVECs by FACS after IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha stimulation, whereas Western blotting revealed that the elevated expression on surface IL-15Ralpha was not due to the increased protein expression. The conclusion demonstrated from our results is that IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha play an important role in regulating the expression of IL-15 and IL-15Ralpha on the surface of HUVECs.

Objective: To investigate the effect of ultrasound transdermal delivery in children with swelling and pain after supracondylar fracture of the humerus. Methods: Totally 103 cases of humeral supracondylar fractures from January to June 2017 were divided into control group (50 cases) and experimental group (53 cases) by random number table method. The control group was treated with conventional detumescence and intravenous drug therapy,while the experimental group was given the local target ultrasonic percutaneous delivery in accordance with the doctor′s advice on the basis of routine treatment. By comparing the two groups in terms of postoperative pain, swelling relief, starting time for getting out of bed, hospitalization time, and parental satisfaction of children, we investigated the effect of ultrasonic ultrasound transdermal delivery on children with swelling and analgesia after supracondylar fracture of the humerus. Results: Postoperative pain relief and swelling relief were significantly reduced in the experimental group compared with the control group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05).The time of starting to get out of bed activity and hospitalization were respectively (8.20 ± 0.25) hours and (5.12 ± 0.27) days, and the control group was (23.80 ± 0.15) hours, (7.35 ± 0.38) days, respectively.The comparison was statistically significant (t=24.241, 7.654, all P<0.05). The parents' satisfaction in the experimental group was very satisfied, relatively satisfied, basically satisfied and unsatisfied, respectively 88.68% (47/53), 7.55% (4/53), 3.77% (2/53), 0, the control group was 64.00% (32/50), 26.00% (13/50), 10.00% (5/50), 0(0/50), the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (χ²=5.294 2, P<0.05). Conclusions The accuracy of ultrasonic percutaneous local target placement for the treatment of supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children is effective in the intervention of pain and swelling, and the comfort is better. It is a new choice for the treatment of limb fractures with pain in children.

Objective: To understand the trends in malnutrition among primary and middle school students of Han nationality in Hainan Province from 2005 to 2019, so as to provide a basis for improving nutrition intervention measures for children and adolescents. Methods: A sample of 32 949 Han nationality primary and middle school students aged 7-18 years old in Hainan Province were investigated in 2005, 2010, 2014 and 2019 based on national survey on student physical fitness and health. The Malnutrition Screening Standard of Schoolage Children and Adolescents was used to screen malnutrition. Statistical analysis was performed using the χ2 test and the χ2trend test. Results: In the four surveys conducted during 2005 to 2019, the prevalence of malnutrition among primary and middle school students were 22.12%, 18.80%, 15.89% and 9.56%, respectively, with an increase of -12.56% and an average annual increase of -5.82%. The decreasing trend of malnutrition by year was statistically significant (χ2trend=600.72, P<0.01), and the proportion of emaciation type was the highest (8.87%-20.15%). The detection rates of malnutrition among all students aged 7 to 18 showed a decreasing trend from 2005 to 2019 (χ2trend=56.44, 60.04, 61.48, 42.49, 51.81, 50.81, 72.86, 101.34, 86.38, 24.81, 17.72, 10.38, P<0.01). From 2005 to 2019, the detection rates of malnutrition in boys were higher than that of girls (in 4 surveys), and that in rural students from 2005 to 2014 of 3 surveys were higher than that in towns (χ2=92.07, 35.16, 25.29, 29.98; 64.35, 4.26, 6.32, P<0.05). Conclusions The malnutrition of Han nationality primary and middle school students aged 7-18 years in Hainan Province show a trend of improvement year by year from 2005 to 2019, despite the overall high detection rate. Wasting is the most common type of malnutrition. The epidemic of malnutrition varies by age, sex and areas. Further targeted measures should be taken to strengthen intervention in the diet of primary and middle school students, to improve the nutritional status of children and adolescents.

Human interleukin-15 (hlL-15) is an important cytokine to activate endothelial cells and can be regulated by many other cytokines. The aim of this study is to examine the ability of interferon-γ,(IFN-γ), and tumor necrosis factor-ct (TNF-α) to induce the production of human interleukin-15 (hlL-15)and IL-15 receptor (IL-15Rα) by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The data are summarized as follows: 1. Northern blot revealed that IL-15 mRNA was up-regulated by IFN-γ and TNF-α. 2. lntracellular IL-15 protein was visualized by fluorescence microscopy, whereas the expres-sion of IL-15 on the surface of HUVECs was detected by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS),and no detectable IL-15 in the medium was verified by ELISA. 3. IL-15Rα was detected on the surface of HUVECs by FACS after IFN-γ and TNF-α stimulation, whereas Western blotting revealed that the elevated expression on surface IL-15Rα was not due to the increased protein expression. The conclusion demonstrated from our results is that IFN-γ and TNF-α play an important role in regulating the expres-sion of IL-15 and IL-15Rα on the surface of HUVECs.

DDX5 helicase (DEAD box helicases 5), also known as P68, is an important member of an ATP dependent RNA helicase.Studies have shown that DDX5 is abnormally expressed in a variety of cancers, targeting a variety of tumor related signal pathways, regulating upstream and downstream factors to affect the occurrence, invasion and migration of tumor cells. This article describes the biological role of DDX5 in malignant tumors and provides prospects for targeted treatment of tumors.