Glioma is the most common primary malignant tumor of the central nervous system in adults. Despite the standard treatment of surgery combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the prognosis for high-grade glioma patients remains poor, highlighting the urgent need to further explore its pathogenesis and develop new therapeutic strategies. This article reviews the research progress in the field of glioma in China in 2024, covering tumorigenesis mechanisms, tumor immune microenvironment composition, advances in imaging techniques and novel imaging agents, improvements in surgical approaches, mechanisms of radio- and chemoresistance, and explorations of new therapeutic modalities. These studies provide a solid theoretical foundation for advancing clinical diagnosis and treatment of gliomas and may offer new opportunities to improve patient outcomes.

Objective:To retrieve, screen, and summarize the best evidence for non-pharmacological management of Parkinson's disease patients with depression, so as to provide evidence-based basis for medical and nursing staff to standardize the non-pharmacological management.Methods:Following the "6S" evidence model, relevant literature was systematically searched from top to bottom in UpToDate, British Medical Journal, Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence-Based Health Care Center Database, National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, Guidelines International Network, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network, Medlive, Parkinson's Society of Canada, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, China Biology Medicine, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and WanFang Data. The search period was from database establishment to March 31, 2023. After conducting methodological quality evaluation based on literature standards, evidence was extracted and summarized from literature that met the standards, and the level of each evidence was determined.Results:A total of 22 articles were included, including one clinical decision-making, three guidelines, 14 systematic reviews, and four expert consensuses. A total of 30 best evidence were formed from six aspects, namely screening and evaluation, psychological intervention, physical therapy, traditional Chinese medicine therapy, exercise, and health education.Conclusions:The best evidence for non-pharmacological management of Parkinson's disease patients with depression summarized provides evidence-based basis for the development of non-pharmacological management plans for Parkinson's disease patients with depression.

Objective:To understand the current situation of nursing undergraduate students ' mastery of core skills and analyze the impact paths of learning environment and self-efficacy on the level of nursing core ability mastery. Methods:Using the convenient sampling method, a total of 431 nursing undergraduates from 6 universities in Macao and Guangdong Province were selected as the research objects from November to December 2022. The self-made general data questionnaire, Nursing Core Skills Mastery Questionnaire and General Self-Efficacy Scale were used to investigate the patients.Results:The total score of core nursing skills for 431 undergraduate nursing students was (3.55±0.59). The learning environment had a positive direct effect on the mastery of core skills ( P<0.05), which could indirectly affect the mastery of core skills through the mediating effects of self-efficacy, personal foundation and planning ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Application-oriented colleges, progressive practice plans and increasing the proportion of electives are conducive to the improvement of self-efficacy and the mastery of core nursing skills. It is recommended that nursing colleges clarify the direction of talent cultivation based on their own situation, increase the proportion of elective courses and add clinical practice content in the course process, in order to promote the mastery of core nursing skills for nursing undergraduate students.

This study summarized the nursing experience of 2 pediatric heart transplant surgeries.Perioperative care included preoperative maintenance of cardiac function,volume management,infection prevention measures,and psychological preparation.Early postoperative care involved circulatory monitoring,management of right heart dysfunction,use of immunosuppressants,observation of rejection reactions,control of postoperative infections,nutritional support,psychological care,and home continuity care.The postoperative rehabilitation effect of the children is satisfactory after multi-team special treatment and nursing care.The postoperative hospitalization time for the 2 patients were 20 and 30 days.After discharge,2 patients showed good recovery during follow-up.

Objective:To evaluate the influencing factors and predictive value of renal function recovery in elderly patients with heart failure(HF)and acute renal injury(AKI)after intermittent veno-venous hemofiltration(IVVH)using critical care ultrasound.Methods:The clinical data of elderly patients with heart failure(NYHF grade Ⅲ~Ⅳ)complicated with acute kidney injury(stage 2~stage 3)who underwent intravenous veno-venous hemofiltration(IVVH)in the critical care unit(CCU)of our hospital were retrospectively analyzed.The demographic information of the patients and the changes in clinical biochemical and critical care ultrasound monitoring parameters before and after 7 days of IVVH were recorded.Based on the recovery of renal function, the patients were divided into two groups: a renal function recovery group and a renal function non-recovery group.Logistic regression and Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve(ROC)curve analysis were performed to determine the predictive value of various influencing factors on the recovery of renal function in patients.Results:A total of 178 patients were enrolled in this study.After starting IVVH treatment, renal function recovered in 143 cases at 30 days, and in 138 cases at 90 days.However, renal function did not recover in 35 cases at 30 days, and in 40 cases at 90 days.The proportion of NYHF Ⅲ patients、the proportion of diabetic patients、the decrease of Beta 2-microglobulin(β2-MC)、the decrease of Cystain C(CysC)、the increase of venous transit time index(VTI)、the increase of Cardiac Output(CO)and the decrease in renal blood flow resistance index(RI)in the recovery groups at both 30 days and 90 days was significantly higher than that in the non-recovery group(all P<0.05).The total treatment time of IVVH in the recovery group was significantly shorter than that in the non-recovery group, with 30 days and 90 days( P<0.05).Logistic analysis revealed that the total treatment time of IVVH( OR=1.067, P<0.001), VTI( OR=0.652, P=0.024), CO( OR=0.037, P<0.001), and RI(OR<0.001, P=0.010)of the interlobar artery were identified as independent factors influencing the recovery of renal function in AKI patients at 30 days and 90 days after IVVH treatment.The ROC curve demonstrated the predictive value of various independent influencing factors for 30-day renal function recovery.The area under the curve(AUC)for VTI was 0.610(95% CI: 0.513-0.707), for CO it was 0.760(95% CI: 0.656-0.864), and for RI it was 0.694(95% CI: 0.589-0.799).Similarly, the ROC curve showed the predictive value of these factors for renal function recovery at 90 days.The AUC for VTI was 0.654(95% CI: 0.564-0.744), for CO it was 0.697(95% CI: 0.605-0.789), and for interlobar artery RI it was 0.605(95% CI: 0.495-0.715). Conclusions:The venous transit time index(VTI), cardiac output(CO), and renal interlobar artery RI, monitored by critical care ultrasound, are independent factors that can be used to evaluate the recovery of renal function in elderly patients with HF and AKI after IVVH treatment.Additionally, the changes in these parameters within 7 days after IVVH treatment have a high predictive value for the improvement of renal function in elderly patients after 30 days and 90 days.

Objective:To investigate the feasibility of developing a radiomics model based on MRI and clinical features to predict the PD-L1 level in breast cancer.Methods:A total of 139 consecutive patients with breast cancer confirmed by pathology were enrolled retrospectively, including 79 PD-L1 negative patients and 60 PD-L1 positive patients. All patients were randomly assigned to a training dataset( n=97) and a validation dataset( n=42). Radiomics features were extracted from dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI. Radiomics feature selection was generated through the analysis of variance(ANOVA), least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO). Radiomics model and comprehensive model were developed for predicting the level of PD-L1. The receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC) was used to evaluate the predictive capacity of the models. Results:The radiomics model exhibited good performance in the training and validation datasets, with an area under the curve(AUC) of 0.847(95% confidence interval CI: 0.770-0.924) and 0.826(95% CI: 0.699-0.954), respectively. Compared with the radiomics model, the clinical feature combined prediction model showed better results, with AUC of 0.919(95% CI: 0.868-0.970) and 0.882(95% CI: 0.782-0.982), respectively, but without statistically significant difference( Z=1.32, P=0.19), respectively, but without statistically significant difference. Conclusions:The radiomi.Conclusions:The radiomics model has a certain value in preoperative prediction of PD-L1 expression level in breast cancer, which may be used as a supplement and improvement to the pathological gold standard to provide support for clinical decision-making.

Objective To investigate the effects of kuwanon G(KG)on proliferation,apoptosis,migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells and the molecular mechanisms.Methods The effects of KG on proliferation and growth of gastric cancer cells were assessed with CCK-8 assay and cell clone formation assay,by observing tumor formation on the back of nude mice and using immunohistochemical analysis of Ki-67.The effect of KG on cell apoptosis was analyzed using Annexin V-FITC/PI apoptosis detection kit,Western blotting and TUNEL staining.The effects of KG on cell migration and invasion were detected using Transwell migration and invasion assay and Western blotting for matrix metalloproteinase(MMP).The role of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)pathway in KG-mediated regulation of gastric cancer cell proliferation,migration,and invasion was verified by Western blotting and rescue assay.Results KG significantly inhibited proliferation and reduced clone formation ability of gastric cancer cells in a concentration-dependent manner(P<0.05).KG treatment also increased apoptosis,enhanced the expressions of cleaved caspase-3 and Bax,down-regulated Bcl-2,lowered migration and invasion capacities and inhibited the expression of MMP2 and MMP9 in gastric cancer cells(P<0.05).Mechanistic validation showed that KG inhibited the activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway,and IGF-1,an activator of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway,reversed the effects of KG on proliferation,migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells(P<0.05).Conclusion KG inhibits proliferation,migration and invasion and promotes apoptosis of gastric cancer cells at least in part by inhibiting the activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.

Objective To investigate the effects of kuwanon G(KG)on proliferation,apoptosis,migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells and the molecular mechanisms.Methods The effects of KG on proliferation and growth of gastric cancer cells were assessed with CCK-8 assay and cell clone formation assay,by observing tumor formation on the back of nude mice and using immunohistochemical analysis of Ki-67.The effect of KG on cell apoptosis was analyzed using Annexin V-FITC/PI apoptosis detection kit,Western blotting and TUNEL staining.The effects of KG on cell migration and invasion were detected using Transwell migration and invasion assay and Western blotting for matrix metalloproteinase(MMP).The role of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)pathway in KG-mediated regulation of gastric cancer cell proliferation,migration,and invasion was verified by Western blotting and rescue assay.Results KG significantly inhibited proliferation and reduced clone formation ability of gastric cancer cells in a concentration-dependent manner(P<0.05).KG treatment also increased apoptosis,enhanced the expressions of cleaved caspase-3 and Bax,down-regulated Bcl-2,lowered migration and invasion capacities and inhibited the expression of MMP2 and MMP9 in gastric cancer cells(P<0.05).Mechanistic validation showed that KG inhibited the activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway,and IGF-1,an activator of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway,reversed the effects of KG on proliferation,migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells(P<0.05).Conclusion KG inhibits proliferation,migration and invasion and promotes apoptosis of gastric cancer cells at least in part by inhibiting the activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.

Objective:To conduct a scoping review of research on the self-advocacy of adult cancer patients to identify their self-advocacy needs, behaviors, strengths and weaknesses, so as to provide guidance for future research in this field.Methods:Using the scoping review guidelines of Joanna Briggs Institute in Australia as a methodological framework, relevant literatures were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, Science Direct, CINAHL, Scopus, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, VIP and China Biology Medicine disc. The search period was from establishment of the databases to December 2023, and the results were summarized and analyzed.Results:A total of 14 articles were included, and self-advocacy needs included six types of needs, such as symptom management, communication, interpersonal support, disease information, decision-making and emotional management. Self-advocacy included four aspects, including seeking information, self-decision-making, strengthening contact with the outside world and effective communication.Conclusions:Adult cancer patients have diverse types of self-advocacy needs and certain self-advocacy behaviors. Future research should pay attention to self-advocacy needs assessment, develop corresponding tools, focus on self-advocacy behaviors, leverage the advantages of self-advocacy and explore strategies to achieve effective self-advocacy support.

BACKGROUND:Chlorfenapyr is used to kill insects that are resistant to organophosphorus insecticides.Chlorfenapyr poisoning has a high mortality rate and is difficult to treat.This article aims to review the mechanisms,clinical presentations,and treatment strategies for chlorfenapyr poisoning. DATA RESOURCES:We conducted a review of the literature using PubMed,Web of Science,and SpringerLink from their beginnings to the end of October 2023.The inclusion criteria were systematic reviews,clinical guidelines,retrospective studies,and case reports on chlorfenapyr poisoning that focused on its mechanisms,clinical presentations,and treatment strategies.The references in the included studies were also examined to identify additional sources. RESULTS:We included 57 studies in this review.Chlorfenapyr can be degraded into tralopyril,which is more toxic and reduces energy production by inhibiting the conversion of adenosine diphosphate to adenosine triphosphate.High fever and altered mental status are characteristic clinical presentations of chlorfenapyr poisoning.Once it occurs,respiratory failure occurs immediately,ultimately leading to cardiac arrest and death.Chlorfenapyr poisoning is difficult to treat,and there is no specific antidote. CONCLUSION:Chlorfenapyr is a new pyrrole pesticide.Although it has been identified as a moderately toxic pesticide by the World Health Organization(WHO),the mortality rate of poisoned patients is extremely high.There is no specific antidote for chlorfenapyr poisoning.Therefore,based on the literature review,future efforts to explore rapid and effective detoxification methods,reconstitute intracellular oxidative phosphorylation couplings,identify early biomarkers of chlorfenapyr poisoning,and block the conversion of chlorfenapyr to tralopyril may be helpful for emergency physicians in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease.