BACKGROUND: Yishen jiangu granule is one of sheer traditional Chinese drugs, which has good effect of tonifying kidney, strengthening bone, reinforcing the spleen, nourishing qi and improving the body condition, mainly used to prevent the lassitude, rickets, osteomalacia and calcium-deficiency induced by kidney-deficiency.OBJECTIVE: To observe the preventive effect of yishen jiangu granule on the reproductive organs, physical strength as well as the ability of stress, and compare with the effect of longmu zhuanggu preparation which was characterized by invigorating spleen and replenishing qi, and tonifying kidney and replenishing essence.DESIGN: Completely randomized controlled design.SETTING: Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical CollegeMATERIALS: A total of 180 Kunming mice, weighing 25-30 g, of half gender, of clean grade, were selected in this study. Longmu zhuanggu granule, which was composed of root of tangshen, tuckahoe, rhizome of lagehead atractylodes, huai yam, astragalus root, schisandra fruit, keel,oyster shell, tortoise plastron, dwarf lilyturf, Chinese date, licorice root,vitamin D, etc., was provided by Wuhan Jianmin Pharmaceutical Factory (batch number: 960618). Yishen jiangu granule, which was composed of 6 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine such as dark plum, Chinese wolfberry, oyster shell, etc., was manufactured by Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Chengde Medical College (batch number: 950510).Hydrocortisone injection was produced by Bohai Pharmaceutical Factory of Tangshan city (batch number: 940303).METHODS: The experiment was completed in Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical College from January to October 1997. ① A total of 180 mice were randomly divided into 6 groups with 30 in each group: normal group (5.0 mL/kg saline, muscle injection); model group (25 mg/kg hydrocortisone for the mice model with kidney-yang deficiency, muscle injection); longmu zhuanggu granule group (5.0 g/kg longmu zhuanggu granule, and 25 mg/kg hydrocortisone); three groups of yishen jiangu granule at different dosages (perfused respectively with yishenjiangu granule at the dosages of 1.25 g/kg, 2.5 g/kg and 5.0 g/kg;meanwhile, 25 mg/kg hydrocortisone, muscle injection). The mice were administered successively for 14 days. ② In 12 hours after giving the last medicine, each group was divided into 3 parts to go on with the following 3 sub-experiments: Firstly, the spermary and uterus of mice were taken out to determine their weight, then calculate the indexes (mass of uterus/body mass of mice); secondly, the mice were put into the water [water depth:30 cm, water temperature: (20±0.5) ℃], burden of tail of mice was weighed 10% of the body mass, then timed immediately, when the mice could not immerge from the water after their heads sank into the water for 10 seconds.It showed that they were exhausted (the time was regarded as the swimming time of mice); thirdly, 10 g sodalime was added into each bottle with wide neck whose volume was 150 mL, then one mouse was put into each of them,covered them and timed immediately. The breath of the mice was observed until they stopped breathing, then timing was over. This was the bearing time of mice on anoxia under normal pressure. ③ Difference of statistical significance between groups was determined by t-test.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The mass indexes of reproductive organs, swimming time and the bearing time on anoxia under normal pressure of the mice in all groups.RESULTS: A total of 180 mice were all involved in result analysis. ① The mass indexes of spermary in mice in normal group, longmu zhuanggu granule group and yishen jiangu groups at high and middle dosages were significantly higher than those in model group (P ＜ 0.05-0.01); the mass indexes of uterus in mice in normal group, longmu zhuanggu granule group and yishenjiangu groups at high dosage were significantly higher than those in model group (P ＜ 0.01). ② The swimming time of the mice in model group was significantly shorter than that in the other 5 groups (P ＜ 0.01). ③The bearing time on anoxia under normal pressure of the mice in model group were significantly shorter than that in the other 5 groups (P ＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION: Yishen jiangu granule has the remarkable effect on kidney-tonifying. It can remarkably relieve the reproductive organ atrophy of the mice with kidney-yang deficiency, has remarkable effect on antifatigue, and also can increase the ability of stress.

Objective To analyze the correlation between 5-hydroxytryptamine transporter gene linked polymorphic region(5-HTTLPR) and twin children's behavioral problems and its interaction with environmental factors.Methods A total of 147 pairs of school-age twins aged 6-12 years were enrolled.The behavioral problems were assessed with the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL).The genotype of 5-HTTLPR was detected by the method of PCR.The correlation of 5-HTTLPR and children's behavioral problems was performed using generalized estimating equation.Results (1) The overall incidence rate of behavioral problems in school-age twins was 24.15％ (27.94％ in the boys;20.89％ in the girls),in which the rate of thinking problems (15.31％) was the highest,and the rates of other problems were lower (3.40％-8.16％).(2) The results of correlation analysis showed that 5-HTTLPR was only related to the social problems (P＜ 0.05).The S allele of 5-HTTLPR maybe associated with the social problems.(3) The results of interaction of 5-HTTLPR with twin factors of themselves and family environmental factors showed that 5-HTTLPR was the main effect of the anxious/depressed problems,and S allele carriers were easier to occur anxious/depressed problems.Gender was the main effect of the social problems,and boys were easier to occur social problems.There was no significant interaction between 5-HTTLPR and twin factors of themselves and family environmental factors.Conclusion 5-HTTLPR genetype may have some relevance to the social and anxious/depressed problems,and S allele may be a susceptibility gene of social and anxious/depressed problems.

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of cryptotanshinone on different maturation stages of Staphylococcus epidermidis (S.epidermidis) biofilm.Methods The biofilm model of S.epidermidis was constructed in vitro, the timing of adhesion, accumulating, and maturation was determined;matrix quantity, bacterial metabolism, microstructure of biofilm were detected with semi-quantitative adhesion test, XTT assay, and scanning electron microscope(SEM) respectively.Results The timing of adhesion, accumulating, and maturation of S.epidermidis biofilm were 6h, 24h,and 48h respectively;in adhesion period, cryptotanshinone at the concentration of 128μg/mL and 32μg/mL could both obviously reduce the matrix and kill bacteria inside biofilm, difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),inhibitory effect of 128μg/mL cryptotanshinone was better than 32μg/mL (P<0.05), the microstructure was destroyed by both concentrations.During accumulating and mature period, only cryptotanshinone at 128μg/mL could reduce the matrix of biofilm and kill bacteria inside biofilm (P<0.05), the microstructure was damaged by cryptotanshinone at concentration of 128μg/mL, while 32g/mL of cryptotanshinone had no obvious inhibitory effect(P>0.05).Conclusion Cryptotanshinone has a certain inhibitory effect on different stages of S.epidermidis biofilm, and there is a certain dose effect.

Objective To understand the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens causing catheter related bloodstream in‐fection (CRBSI) to provide reference for clinical treatment .Methods The distribution and drug resistance of pathogens isolated from the central venous catheter from January 2011 to June 2015 were retrospectively analyzed .Results Among 731 submitted samples ,38 cases were CRBSI ,with the positive rate of 5 .3% ,in which ,the Gram‐positive cocci accouted for 26 .3% of isolated bacteria and dominated by Staphylococcus epidermidis (13 .2% ) ,moreover which was MRSE .MRSA and VRE were not detected . Gram‐negative bacilli accounted for 73 .7% of isolated bacteria and dominated by Acinetobacter baumannii (42 .1% ) ,which was most sensitive to amikacin with the sensitivity rate of 87 .5% .Conclusion Acinetobacter baumannii is most common pathogen in CRBSI with serious drug resistance ,therefore the operating should be standardized in clinical work for controlling infection .

BACKGROUND:The Scutellaria baicalensis is a traditional Chinese herb frequently used. Only its root is used, and its stem and leaf are abandoned in traditional custom. Inorder to make full use of medicinal material resource, the chemical component and pharmacological effects of the stem and leaf have been studied. OBJECTIVE: To observe the preventive effect of total flavones from stem and leaf of scutellaria baicalensis on experimental hyperlipidemia in rats. DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial. SETTING: Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical College MATERIALS: The experiment was conducted in the Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical College from March 1999 to January 2000. Totally 60 male Wistar rats with beginning body mass(200±10)g were provided by Experimental Animal Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Science (Qualification No.01-3008). INTERVENTIONS: Sixty rats were randomly divided into 6 groups:normal control group, high-lipid model group, the groups of 12.5, 25 and 50 mg/kg of total flavonoids (TF group) and clofibrate group (25 mg/kg),with 10 rats in each group. The rats in the normal control group were fed with basic feed. The rats in the high-lipid model group were fed with highlipid feed.Rats in the TF group and clofibrate group were fed synchronously with high-lipid feed and total flavonoids or clofibrate for consecutive 30 days. The change of blood lipid was observed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The levels of total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) in the serum of all the rats were measured with CL-7200 type automatic biochemistry analytical instrument at the end of the experiment, and the atherosclerosis indexes (AI) were calculated (AI=TC-HDL-C/HDL-C).RESULTS: Totally 60 rats entered the result analysis. ① Level of TC in the serum of rats: The level in the high-lipid model group was significantly higher than that in the normal control group[(5.01 ±1.05,2.33±0.35)mmol/L, (P ＜ 0.01 )]; The level in the groups of 12.5 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg of TF was (4.15±1.12, 3.03±0.31,2.98±0.56)mmol/L, there was no significant difference between group of 12.5 mg/kg of TF and model group (t=1.74, P ＞ 0.05), but there was significant difference between groups of 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg of TF and model group (t=5.66-5.23, P ＜ 0.01). ②Level of TG in the serum of rats: The level in the groups of 12.5 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg of TF was (1.22±0.56)mmol/L,(1.56±0.41)mmol/L,(1.24 ±0.45)mmol/L respectively, compared with model group(2.14±0.74) mmol/L, there was significant difference (t =2.19-3.45, P ＜ 0.05-0.01). ③ LDL-C level of the serum in the rats: The level in the groups of 12.5 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg of TF was (2.67 ±0.45) mmol/L, (1.41 ±0.23)mmol/L, (1.29±0.23) mmol/Lrespcrtively,compared with model group[(3.94±0.42)mmol/L, there was significant difference (t=5.77-12.71, P ＜ 0.05-0.01). ④ HDL-C level of the serum in the rats: the level in the groups of 12.5 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg of TF was (0.72±0.23)mmol/L,( 0.91±0.32)mmoL/L,(1.05±0.23)mmoL/L respectively, there was no significant difference between group of 12.5 mg/kg of TF and model group[(0.56±0.21)mmol/L, but there was significant difference between groups of 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg of TF and model group (t=2.92-4.38,0.05 ,P ＜ 0.05-0.01).⑤AI: the level in the groups of 12.5 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg of TF was(2.96 ±1.35), (2.10±0.97), (1.55±0.41)respectively, compared with model group (4.23±0.65) , there was significant difference (t =3.54-9.49 ,P ＜ 0.01). CONCLUSION: TF has significantly inhibitory effect on the increase of TC, TG and LDL-C in the serum of the rats induced by high-lipid feed; it can also increase the level of HDL-C, indicating TF has obviously preventive effect on experimental hyperlipidemia in rats.

Objective To test the mutation locus of uridine diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase gene (UGT1A1) in a Chinese patient with Crigler-Najjar syndrome type Ⅰ and her family members,analyzing the genetic characteristics of the pedigree.Methods Genomic DNA was extracted from the patient and her family members and other 50 full-term infants with normal serum bilirubin as a healthy control group.Fifty cases of full-term newborn whose serum bilirubin level were nomal were study as controls.The promoter and all exons of UGT1A1 gene were amplified by the method of polymerase chain reactions (PCR),and mutations were identified by direct sequencing.Results The propositus and her miscarriage sister were homozygous for a nonsense mutation at nucleotide number 715 (715C ＞ T) in exon 1 of gene UGT1A1,substituting of stop codon (TAG) for glutamine (CAG) at position 239 (Q239X).The other 5 members were heterozygous in the same mutation locus.A TA insertion mutation and a G71R mutation in exon 1 were observed in the family members.The patient and her sister were homozygous of A(TA)7TAA mutation while other four were heterozygous.Propositus,grandmother,mother and her younger brother were heterozygous of G71 R mutation.No mutation was found in exons 2-5.No mutation was found in other fifty healthy cases in the healthy control group.Conclusions Q239X homozygous mutations is considered to be the lethal gene in this Crigler-Najjar syndrome family.Collaborative G71 R and A(TA)7TAA mutations may further reduce the enzyme activity of UGT1A1,causing varying degrees of bilirubin disorder.

Objective To evaluate the effects of propofol on the proliferation of hippocampal neurons in fetal rats in vitro.Methods Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats at 16-18 days of gestation,were sacrificed and the fetal rats were taken out from the abdominal cavity.The hippocampal neurons of the fetal rats were isolated and seeded in culture plates.After being cultured for 9 days,the neurons were divided into 7 groups using a random number table(n =36 each):control group (C group),intralipid group (I group) and propofol 0.1,1.0,10.0,100.0,1 000.0 μmol/L groups (P1-5 groups).In group I,10％ intralipid was added to the culture media until the final concentration reached 100 μmol/L.In P1-5 groups,propofol was added to the culture media until the final concentration reached 0.1,1.0,10.0,100.0 and 1 000.0 μmol/L,respectively.The neurons were then incubated for 3 h.The proliferation of hippocampal neurons was determined by MTT assay at 12,24,36,48,60 and 72 h after the end of incubation with propofol.Results Compared with group C,the proliferation of hippocampal neurons was significantly decreased in P1-5 groups (P ＜ 0.05),while no significant change was found in group I (P ＞ 0.05).Compared with group P1,the proliferation of hippocampal neurons was significantly decreased in group P5 (P ＜ 0.05),while no significant change was found in P2-4 groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Propofol can decrease the proliferation of hippocampal neurons in fetal rats in vitro.

Objective To investigate the application effect of nasojejunal feeding tube nutrition in patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Methods The clinical data of 54 patients with severe traumatic brain injury admitted to the Department of Surgical Critical Care Medicine,the Third Affiliated Hospital,Sun Yatsen University between June 2012 and December 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. They were divided into either a nasojejunal feeding tube nutrition support group (nasojejunal group,n = 26)or an asogastric feeding tube nutrition support group (asogastric group,n = 28)according to the different ways of enteral nutrition. All patients began to receive nasal feeding whole protein preparations (enteral nutritional emulsion,TPF-D)from the second day after admission to intensive care unit (ICU). The time to reach the enteral nutrition support target,the time of parenteral nutritional support,nutritional index (albumin and hemoglobin),the time admission to ICU,and the incidences of infection and gastrointestinal complications in both groups were observed. Results (1)According to the body weight to calculate calorie demand, the nasojejunal group reaching the time of enteral nutrition support target was faster than that of the asogastric group (3. 0 ± 0. 8 d vs. 7. 7 ± 2. 5 d). There was significant difference between the 2 groups (P < 0. 01). The time of the combined parenteral nutrition support in the nasojejunal group was reduced significantly compared with the asogastric group (2. 0 ±0. 8 d vs. 6. 7 ±2. 5 d). There was significant difference between the 2 groups (P <0. 01). (2)At day 30after treatment,the levels of total serum protein and hemoglobin in the nasojejunal group were higher than those of the asogastric group (64 ± 6 g/ L vs. 61 ± 6 g/ L and 120 ± 17 g/ L vs. 106 ± 16 g/ L,respectively. There were significant differences (P < 0. 05). (3)The mean length of stay in the ICU was obviously shorter in nasojejunal group compared with the asogastric group (11 ± 5 d vs. 14 ± 6 d). There was significant difference between the 2 groups (P < 0. 05). (4)There were no significant differences in complications of the patients,such as the incidences of pulmonary infection,hyperglycemia,and diarrhea between the 2 groups (P > 0. 05). Conclusion Nasojejunal feeding tube nutrition support may be faster to achieve the target of enteral nutrition supports and shorten the time in ICU.

[Objective] To investigate the mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in treating acute lung injury (ALI) via ALI mouse model.[Methods] By monoclonal antibody Anti-GD2 of specific antigen ganglioside (GD2) only expressed on MSC as a carrier,new fluorescent molecule probe were synthesized through covalently coupling Anti-GD2 and fluorescent group CyDye mono-reactive NHS Esters (Cy7).Synthetic Anti-GD2-Cy7 and MSC were labeled by the specific binding of antigen and antibody in vitro.Total 84 balb/c male mice were selected and randomly selected 48 mice were divided into three groups:sham group (n =16),MSC+ ALI group (n =16),NS + ALI group (n =16).The lung histopathology and scores,lung W/D ratio and permeability of lung microvasculature were examined at 24 h,48 h after ALI mouse model.Other 36 mice were randomly divided into three groups:normal group (n =12),sham group(n =12),MSC +ALI group(n =12).Labeled MSC-GD2-Cy7 were transplanted into MSC+ALI group and sham group mice via tail vein injection.At 30 min,1 d,3 d,and 7 d post-MSC-GD2-Cy7 injection,the mice were sacrificed after anesthesia and then the lung was removed.Excised lung was detected on small animal fluorescent imager.[Results] Contrast to NS+ ALI group,the lung histopathology and scores,lung W/D ratio and permeability of lung microvasculature of MSC +ALI group were more greatly improved at both 24 h and 48 h.Fluorescent results showed that the signal intensity in thc lung of MSC +ALI group was significantly higher than that of sham group at each time point [(3.37 ± 0.02)× 10-4 vs (2.05 ± 0.04) × 10-4 scaled counts/s;(35.54 ± 0.47)× 10-4 vs (25.29 ± 1.48) × 10-4 scaled counts/s;(11.17 ± 0.75)×10-4 vs (6.09 ± 0.62)× 10-4 scaled counts/s;(3.10 ± 0.14) vs (0.00 ± 0.00)× 10-4 scaled counts/s;all P ＜ 0.05].[Conclusion] Our study showed that a proportion of cells migrated into normal and injured lungs 30 min after cell transplantation,and the cells started to recruit and largely gather in injured lungs at day 1 and persisted to day 7,these results suggest that MSC possess the ability to home into injured tissues.

Objective To evaluate the role of opioid receptors in fentanyl-induced inhibition of proliferation and migration of human gastric cancer cell line MGC-803.Methods The human gastric cancer cell line MGC-803 was cultured in DMEM liquid culture medium.The cells were seeded in 6-well or 96-well plates and then randomly divided into 4 groups (n =54 each):control group (group C),fentanyl group (group F),naloxon group (group N) and naloxon + fentanyl group (group NF).The cells were exposed to 0.1 μmol/L fentanyl and 10 μmol/L naloxon in F and N groups,respectively.The cells were incubated with 10 μmnol/L naloxon for 30 min and then O.1 μmol/L fentanyl was added to the culture medium in group NF.The viability of the cells was detected by MTT assay after being incubated with fentanyl for 12,24,36,48,60 and 72 h.The cell apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry after being incubated with fentanyl for 24 h.The migration of the cells was detected by wound healing assay after being incubated with fentanyl for 48 h.The proliferation of the cells was determined by colony formation assay at 7 day of incubation with fentanyl.Results Compared with group C,no significant changes in the viability of the cells,rate of colony formation,apoptotic rate and rate of cell wound healing were found in group N (P ＞ 0.05),and the viability of the cells,rate of colony formation and rate of cell wound healing were significantly decreased,and the apoptotic rate was increased in F and NF groups (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the viability of the cells,rate of colony formation,rate of cell wound healing and apoptotic rate between group NF and group F (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Opioid receptors are not involved in fentanyl-induced inhibition of proliferation and migration of human gastric cancer cell line MGC-803 in vitro.