Objective　To study the relationship between smoking and oxygen free radicals (OFR) , activities of antioxidases.Methods Concentration of serum lipoperoxides(LPO) and activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD) ,glutathioneperoxides(GSH-PX) in 216 healthy smoker and 155 healthy non-smoker were performed.Results The smoker group: the averageLPO concentration was 5.87±1.23, the average SOD activity was 88.24±11.96, the average GSH-PX activity was 176.87±23.31;the non-smoker group:The average LPO concentration was 4.24±0.76, the average SOD activity was 106.18±16.04, the average GSH-PX activity was 206.32±50.25.The average LPO concentration of the smoker group was significantly higher than that in the non-smoker group (P<0.01) ; the average SOD GSH-PX activity of the smoker group were significantly lower than those of the non-smoker group (P<0.01) .The LPO concentration in 50 male smokers(39～45years of age)increased, while SOD and GSH-PX activity decreased as the duration and amount of smoking increased (P<0.01) , showing a linear correlationship.Conclusion The results suggest that smoking is one of the important factors causing, not only OFR and reaction of LPO obviously intensified,but also the imbalance between oxidation and antioxidation in the body.

Objective To comparatively investigate the effect of local cryotherapy pretreatment of tourniquet position on postoperative pain and short-term function recovery during total knee arthroplasty (TKA).Methods Thirty-one patients (38 knees) who received total knee arthroplasty for the first time from July 2012 to December 2012 were allocated to two groups according to the random number table:17 patients (22 knees) in experimental group received local cryotherapy pretreatment on the position of the tourniquet,while 14 patients (16 knees) in control group did not.Duration of tourniquet use in operation,postoperative swelling of limbs,visual analogue score (VAS) for tourniquet pain,postoperative function recovery,and perioperative complications were compared between the two groups.Results All patients were available to the follow-up.There were no significant differences between the two groups regarding the duration of tourniquet use,postoperative swelling of limbs,and perioperative complications.Lower VAS was observed in experimental group compared with control group at days 1 and 2 postoperatively.Time to meet the standard of short-term function recovery in experimental group was significantly shorter than that in control group[(5.3±1.5)daysvs(7.1±1.3)days,t=-3.77,P＜0.01].Conclusion During TKA,local cryotherapy pretreatment of the tourniquet position can improve local soft tissue' s tolerance to ischemia and anoxia,alleviate local inflammation and ischemia-reperfusion injury,ease tourniquet pain in early period after operation,accelerate short-term function recovery and improve patients' satisfaction.

Objective To investigate the correlation and characteristic of the functional polymorphism of the dopamine D4 receptor gene on the behavioral problems in school-age twins.Method The behavioral problems were assessed among a total of 147 twin pairs aged 6-12 years with the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL).The DRD4 gene polymorphism was applied for different types with polymerase chain reaction.The generalized estimating equations model was used to analyze the effect of DRD4 gene polymorphism and the interaction of DRD4 gene polymorphism with children age,gender,monozygotic/dizygotic on twins' behavioral problems.Results (1) School-age children's anxiety/depression,withdrawn,thought problems,attention problems,social problems,delinquent problems,aggressive behavior and total variance mainly were correlated with DRD4 gene polymorphism (P＜0.05),and physical discomfort might be related with DRD4 gene polymorphism (P=0.067).Except social problems,the detection rate of behavioral problems of the twins with 4/6 genotype (Gene type carrying 5 or more repeated sequences) of DRD4 gene (6.25％-21.25％) was higher than those with other genotypes (0-14.74％).(2) Withdrawal was related to children age (x2=4.348,P＜0.05),and twins aged 6-10 might lead to withdrawal.(3) The interaction of DRD4 gene polymorphism and children age had a significant effect on withdrawal (x2=4.348,P＜0.05) and physical discomfort(x2 =5.189,P＜0.05),and the elder age (11-12 years) children had a certainly protective effect on the withdrawal and physical discomfort with 4/6 genotype in twins.The detection rates were 3.54％ and 2.65％ in the younger-age (6-10 years) twins,while all 0 in the elder-age (11-12 years) for the withdrawal and the physical discomfort respectively.Conclusions The DRD4 gene polymorphism may be correlated with behavioral problems in school-age twins.The interaction of DRD4 polymorphism and children age had a significantly effect on withdrawal and physical discomfort.

Objective To explore the influence of nursing intervention on patients with schizophrenia receiving repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) treatment.Methods A total of 80 patients with schizophrenia receiving (rTMS) treatment were randomly divided into intervention group 40 cases and control group 40 cases by random digits table method.The control group was given routine care, and the intervention group was given routine nursing and nursing intervention.Before and after treatment, the curative effect was evaluated by the Positive And Negative Symptoms Scale, and the completion of the treatment between two groups was compared.Results The Positive Scale score, Negative Scale score, General Psychopathology Scale, total score in intervention group after treatment were lower than those in control group:(13.1±2.3) points vs.(16.7±2.1) points,(11.5±2.6) points vs.(15.3±2.3) points, (28.3±2.3) points vs.(30.9±2.2) points,(56.9±1.8) points vs.(67.4±1.7) points, and there were significant differences, t=2.398,2.401,2.452,2.191 ,P＜0.05.There was no significant difference in the rTMS completion, x2=5.541, P＜0.05.Conclusions Nursing intervention can effectively improve the patients with schizophrenia completion of rTMS treatment to improve mental symptoms, so as to improve the clinical curative effect, promote patients recovery of disease.

Objective To investigate the expression level and its significance of KLF13 in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).Methods Fifty-six DLBCL patients treated with CHOP chemotherapy regimen were followed up in 4-6 years.Tissue samples of the 56 DLBCL patients were collected.Then the expression level of KLF13 in tissue samples was detected by immunohistochemistry,the relationship between the expression level of KLF13 and the survival rate,clinical features of the patients were analyzed,respectively.Western blot was used to detect the expression level of KLF13 in DLBCL cell trains Pfeiffer and LY8.Subsequently,the expression of KLF13 in DLBCL cell strains was blocked by siRNA method.The proliferation rates of DLBCL cell strains were assayed by CCK-8.Results The expression of KLF13 was significantly over-increased in 32 patients with DLBCL (57.1％) and slightly increased in 24 patients with DLBCL (42.9 ％).The 5-year survival rate in the significant overexpression group (46.5 ％) was lower than that of slight overexpression group (75.0 ％) (P =0.01).Multivariate analysis demonstrated that KLF13 expression,serum LDH levels and clinical pathological stage were independent prognostic indicators for patients with DLBCL (all P ＜ 0.05).There was statistically significant association between the expression level of KLF13 and the clinical stage,the diameter of lymphoma,respectively.After the expression of KLF13 in DLBCL cells was blocked,the proliferation rate of cells decreased.Conclusion KLF13 might be regarded as a prognostic factor and used as a treatment target.

Objective To set up a method for determining the quercetin in Pyrola calliatha H.Andres.Method HPLC method was carried on Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18 column(4.6 mm?150 mm,5 ?m) with mobile phase of methanol-0.1% phosphoric acid(50:50),and the detecting wavelength was at 370 nm.Result The standard curve was linear within the range of 0.092～0.46 ?g.The average recovery rate was 99.24% and RSD was 0.70%.Conclusion The method is simple,accurate,highly sensitive and reproducible.It can be used for the quality determination of quercetin in Pyrola calliatha H.Andres.

The present study is designed to investigate the histochemical changes of cholinesterase, norepinephrine in nuc. Supraopticus and locus coeruleus of rats following electo-acupuncture and their possible relation to pain threshold. The preliminary results indicated that the elevation of pain threshold following electro-acupuncture concomittantly with increase in histochemical reaction of cholinesterase, and norepinephrine both in nuc. Supraopticus and locus coeruleus of electro-acupunctured rats. The increase in intensity was shown to be correlated with the elevation of pain threshold. The intensity of increased cholinesterase activity was more obvious in the animals with pain threshold elevated for above two folds than those elevated only one fold. On the other hand, the higher intensity of norepinephrine was obser ed in locus coeruleus with one fold of elevation of pain threshold. The significance of the changes in these two nuclei and their possibld function were briefly discussed.

Objective: To establish the standard for the quality control of Dougenguanshitong granule.Methods: The TCL method was used to identify the Radix Ootoginseng and Dioscorea Bulbifera in the granule and the content of matrine in the granule was determined by the HPLC method.Results: The linear relationship of matrine was the range of 0.68-10.2?g(r=0.9997,n=6).The average recovery was 100.23% and RSD was 1.54%(n=6).Conclusion:The method is convenient,rapid,accurate and suitable for the quality control of Dougenguanshitong granule.

Objective To explore the clinical effect of electrochemical therapy (EchT) on hemangiomas of liver.Method 186 cases of hemangiomas of liver with,male 97 and female 89 were selected for the study.The age ranged from 31～55 years old.The electrochemical therapy instrument of model ZAY-B and the electrode made of platinum were used.Suitable manipulating technique and treating quantity of electricity were investigated for the patients.Electrodes were inserted into the tumor through a tracer directly by opening the abdominal cavity.Normal tissue of liver was protected by the spaghetti and the electrodes were connected to EchT device,then the treatment began.The therapeutic voltage was 6～8V,electic current 120～160mA.The quantity of electricity was 100～150 Coulombs per 1.0cm diameter of the tumor.The treatment could be terminated when the tumor became from soft to stiff.Result The therapeutic efficacy was evaluated 6 months after EchT.Through the follow-up of 1～5 years,103 of total 186 cases of hemangiomas of liver completely disappeared(72.5%);31 cases partially relieved (21.8%) and 8 cases were ineffective (5.6%).Conclusion EchT to treat hemangiomas of liver is safe and efficacy,with less traumatic and a quick recovery.It can be served as a new method for treating hemangiomas of liver.

Objective To make clear the knowledge level of emergency treatment during the disasters among emergency nurses,and then make out the countermeasures.Methods Using the self-designed questionary to investigate the knowledge level of emergency treatment during the disasters among emergency nurses.The contents of survey included: general condition,related experiences about emergency treatment,the anxiety and the pattern of how to obtain the related knowledge.Results The level of knowledge of emergency treatment was different in the different nurses according to their different working time.Most of the emergency nurses had not accepted the normal training about the emergency treatment of disasters.Conclusion The nursing administers should put out certain measures to strengthen the training about emergency treatment,and then improve the nurses ability to deal with disaster.