The nerve tissue engineering (NTE) has been applied in the treatment of central nerve system injury or disease to restore its anatomic structure and function, in which the nervous scaffolds played important roles in supporting and nourishing the nerve tissues. Development, challenge confronted and foreground of research on scaffolds material in the nerve tissue engineering are reviewed in this article.

Objective To deterine the expression of TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) and its receptor DR5 in murine myocardium with acute viral myocarditis(VM).Methods We builted the model of VM.Eight mice of the VM group and the normal control group were sacrificed on the 7th,10th,14th,21st,28th day after inoculation CVB3 virus.The myocardial histopathological scores were counted.The terminal reansferase-mediated dUPT-biotin nick end-labeling (TUNEL) assays was used to quantified apoptosis rate.The expression of TRAIL and DR5 protein and mRNA were determined by the method of immunohistochemistry and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Results The expression of TRAIL and DR5 protein and mRNA were found in myocardium of both the normal control group and the VM group.The expression of TRAIL protein of the VM group(14th) were significantly higher than which in the normal group at the same time and the VM group(7th)(F=9.17,P<0.01).The DR5 protein of the VM group(10th,14th,21st)were significantly higher than which in the normal group at the same time and the VM group(7th)(F=13.32,P<0.01).The expression of TRAIL and DR5 protein were positive correlated with the myocardial histopathological scores and the apoptosis rate.The expression of TRAIL mRNA of the VM group(10th) were significantly higher than which in the normal group at the same time and the VM group(7th)(F=10.86,P<0.01).The DR5 mRNA of the VM group(10th,14th)were significantly higher than which in the normal group at the same time and the VM group(7th)(F=22.75,P<0.01).Conclusion High characteristic expressions of protein/mRNA TRAIL and DR5 were observed in the myocardium of mice with VM.The level was positive correlationed with the account of pathology and the rate of apoptosis.The apoptosis induced by TRAIL and DR5 may participate in the pathophysiological processes of VM.

Ovarian cancer is the highest death rate of gynecologic malignant tumor .Currently,people rec-ognize standard treatment for ovarian cancer was that reduction -Tumor cells of platinum based chemotherapy af-ter surgery.But for those patients who have developed into advanced cancer that cannot be operated the surgeries directly,the application of preoperative Neoadjuvant chemotherapy ( NACT) does have the superiority .which is recognized by the majority of clinical doctors ,and has been widely used in the treatment of advanced malignant tumor.It is worthy to discussing which part of patients should choose the initial treatment of Neoadjuvant chemo -therapy,rather than a direct treatment of destroying tumor cells .This article is summarizing the empirical cases based on related research ,in order to help clinicians to make a decision on the treatment of ovarian cancer .

Objective To establish an objective animal experimental model for the experimental study of clinical bone defect,detect the BMP-2 activity in bone defect area,and observe the early healing situation of rabbit radial fracture.Methods A total of 72 New Zealand rabbits [weight/ each:(2.8 ±0.2)kg] were randomly divided into four experimental groups A,B,C,and D (18/each) with corresponding 0.5 cm,1.5 cm,2.0 cm,and 3.0 cm bone defect models abolished,respectively,in the middle of the rabbit left radius.By the time of modeling,all the bone segments were retained and a small amount of bone adjacent tissues were taken as E specimens of control group.Modeling time was recorded as 0 week,and six animals of each group were killed in 1 W,3 W,4 W later.Then the bone defect surrounding tissues were taken to check BMP-2 content by Western-blot detection,and the bone-healing situation was observed at different time.Results BMP-2 composition showed a significant increase in secretory volume of each group's bone defect area tissues after modeling one week,compared with E specimens of control group (P ＜ 0.05).BMP-2 composition secretion capacity even reached its peak in the third week four groups (A,B,C,D)increased by 556.1％,385.9％,272.2％,171.2％ respectively.and BMP-2 content reduced apparently in the fourth week than before(P ＜ 0.05).At the same time,BMP-2 content decreased with the addition of bone defect length(P ＜ 0.05).Also a correlation was shown between bone healing and time with the bone defect length.Conclusions A comparable rabbit radial bone defect model was successfully established.These objective animal models,which are closer to clinical reality,provide the theoretical basis of animal experiments to explore the mechanism of human fracture healing.

Stem cell is one of the hot spot in the research area of biomedical engineering. Special attentions are drawn to the research and application of neural stem cells. Neural stem cells exist widely in central nervous system, which has the capacity of self-renewal and the potential to differentiate into other cells. The so-called engineered neural stem cell is constructed by using the technique of genetic engineering to make it be able to express various neural growth factors with high-performance and stability. The engineered neural stem cells have a great potential in the therapy of diseases of central nervous system, especially the spinal cord injury. This article reviews the research development of engineered neural stem cells, the problems confronted with it, and the trend for research in the future.

The nerve tissue engineering is to apply scalfolds and seed cells for the treatment of injury or disease of nerve system by restoring their anatomic structures and funetiorm.The scaffolds played important roles in supporting and conducting axonal regeneration.They could also limit the in-growth of scar tissue and hence help to build the connection between axonal and target cell.Self-assembling peptide scaffold is one of the excellent material used is nerve tissue engineering.This article reviews the self-assembling peptide based scaffolds for nerve tissue engineering and discusses the unsolved problems in the fields and the trend d the related research in the future.

Purpose Glioblastoma and metastasis are the common and aggressive type of brain tumors in adults,and a definitive diagnosis has an important guiding significance to the clinical practice.Our purpose is to investigate the value of post contrast-enhanced T1WI-based histogram analysis in the differential diagnosis of glioblastoma and solitary brain metastasis.Materials and Methods Sixty-eight consecutive patients with glioblastoma or solitary metastasis confirmed pathologically or surgically at Meizhou People's Hospital between January 2012 and November 2015 were included in the study.Glioblastoma was diagnosed in 34 patients and solitary brain metastasis was diagnosed in the rest 34 patients.All patients had undergone routine brain MR examination before surgical resection and the imaging data were retrospectively analyzed.The ROIs were manually placed in enhanced solid parts of the tumors on the maximal cross-sectional post contrasted-enhanced T1WI by Image J.Then the mean,standard deviation (SD),minimum,maximum,skewness and kurtosis were calculated respectively.Results Kurtosis of post contrast-enhanced T1WI of metastasis (1.260 ± 1.271) was statistically higher than that of glioblastoma (0.071 ± 0.667)(P＜0.05).When the optimal threshold criterion ofkurtosis was set at 0.736,the areas under ROC curve of kurtosis was 0.792 (95％ CI:0.676-0.881),and the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value and negative predictive value at the optimum cutoff value were 76.47％,88.24％,80.65％,78.38％,respectively.Conclusion Kurtosis of post contrastenhanced T 1 WI-based histogram is valuable in differential diagnosis of glioblastoma and brain metastasis,and thus provides reliable and objective basis for differentiating the two kinds of tumors.

【Objective】 To investigate the practice and benefit of national standardized management of type 2 diabetes in Yulin City. 【Methods】 We recruited the adult type 2 diabetes patients who sought medical help at our hospital from May 2020 to October 2022 as subjects. We collected their basic information (sex and age); measured height, weight, waist and hip circumference, and blood pressure; calculated body mass index (BMI); and detected blood glucose, c-peptide, HbA1c, biomarkers, urinary microalbumin, sensory nerve conduction velocity of lower limbs, ABI, and subcutaneous and visceral fat at the time of MMC recruited and the end of six months. T test and Mann-Whitney U rank sum test were used for measurement data and χ² test or Fisher’s exact probability method for counting data to analyze the data. 【Results】 After 6 months, the levels of fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose, HbA1c, and visceral and subcutaneous fat in all the patients decreased, but the level of fasting c-peptide increased compared with the baseline (all P<0.05). Secondly, compared with the baseline, the control rate of HbA1c (35.21% vs. 13.71% ) and the comprehensive control rate (13.97% vs. 7.26% ) were both significantly increased at six months (P<0.05). Thirdly, after 6 months, the levels of fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose, HbA1c, TG, TC, and UA were decreased more, while the fasting c-peptide and postprandial c-peptide were increased more in the patients of the HbA1c standard group (HbA1c<7% ) than those of the non-standard group. 【Conclusion】 The multiple benefits of blood glucose, blood lipid, uric acid and islet function can be achieved by taking type 2 diabetes patients into MMC. Meanwhile, the rates of HbA1c control and comprehensively reaching the standard are significantly increased. Therefore, MMC can explore a new way for the management of type 2 diabetic patients in this area.

BACKGROUND:Both in vitro and in vivo studies have confirmed that, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) regulates the differentiation of osteoblasts and chondroblasts, induces heterotopic bone formation, promotes fracture healing, and controls the morphology of skeleton in mammals.
OBJECTIVE:To treat chronic bone defects using particle gun containing BMP2 gene eukaryotic expression plasmid via local injection.
METHODS:A total of 72 healthy New Zealand white rabbits were applied to establish chronic bone defect model in the rabbit radius. According to the length of bone defect, the rabbits were divided into three groups:1.5 cm group, 2.0 cm group, 2.5 cm group. Each group was further randomly assigned into two subgroups:treatment group (BMP-2 gene transfection) and control group (natural y healing). X-ray examinations were performed at 1, 3, 8 and 9 weeks after transfection, and soft tissue between the bone defects was harvested to detect BMP-2 using western blot analysis;and radius specimens were taken for gross observation at the same time points, to evaluate the healing.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Gross specimen observation:bone cal us formation in treatment group was general y more than that in control group. (2) Lane-Sandhu X-ray score in treatment group was significantly higher than that in control group at 1, 3, 8, 9 weeks after transfection (P<0.05). (3) BMP-2 concentration in treatment group was significantly higher than that in control group at each time point (P<0.05). The local transfer of particle gun-mediated BMP-2 gene is an effective therapy of chronic bone defect.

Titanium alloy has been used widely in fields of hard tissue replacement and repair,despite its characteristics of bio-inert material.Bio-ceramic coating deposited on Ti-based implants surface using surface modification technique can improve the bioactivity and biocompatibility of Ti-alloy material.The hydroxyapatite coating has been applied in clinic treatment,but this type of coating is still plagued with low crystallinity and poor bonding strength.In order to obtain an implant with excellent integrated properties,some novel bio-ceramic coating materials have been prepared.These materials having excellent bioactivity and biocompatibility and can directly bond with the Ti-based implants and the bone tissue.This review will present research status of the application of bio-ceramic coating on titanium alloy surface in biomedical fields