Objective: To assess the difference of priming effect in visual picture categorizing task between dyslexic children and normal children.Methods: Twenty-five dyslexic children and 50 control subjects(25 matched with chronological age and 25 matched with reading level) completed a masked picture priming experiment of pictorial stimuli.On each trial,a masked prime picture was briefly displayed.The participants were required to classify target stimuli as animal or nonanimal.Priming effect and response error rate between dyslexic children and normal children was analyzed.Results: The adjusted facilitation of congruent pairs of dyslexic children was 0.061,and the two controlled groups were 0.057 and 0.064 respectively.The differences between dyslexic children and controlled groups were not significant.Conclusion: Dyslexic children do not exhibit significant deficit in general object picture's features processing.

Objective:To explore differences of graphic,phonological and semantic priming in Chinese character recognition between dyslexic children and normal children.Method:A priming paradigm was used to facilitate subjects to complete a lexical decision task.The differences of reaction time,priming effect and error rate between dyslexic children and normal children were analyzed.Results:The baseline adjusted facilitations of graphic,phonological and semantic priming in character recognition in dyslexic children were-0.010,-0.010,and 0.001 respectively.The dyslexic children even showed inhibition in graphic and phonological prime conditions.For the age control group the facilitations under the three prime conditions were 0.026,0.026 and 0.022.As for the reading level control group,results were 0.062,0.058 and 0.031 respectively.The differences of priming effects between dyslexic children and normal children were significant,especially in graphic and phonological priming conditions.The possible order of the three priming effects(from high to low)was:graphic,phonological and semantic.The interactions between reading ability and priming were not significant.Conclusion:Results from the present study suggest that there is a general deficit in graphic and phonological processing in character recognition in Chinese dyslexic children.This phenomenon can be interpreted by the connectionist model.

ObjectiveIn order to study the effect of three-month rehabilitation on motor function in hemiplegics after stroke. Methods125 patients were randomly divided into two groups, rehabilitation group (72 cases)and control group(53 cases).Patients in the rehabilitation group were given clinical treatment,electric stimulation therapy(EST) and regularly physical therapy, while those in control group were given clinical treatment and unguided self-training, and the evaluation was done in pre-treatment and post-three-month respectively. Motor function was assessed in Fugl-Meyer Assessment(FMA).ResultsMotor scores in each group had a more significant difference(P<0.001)before and after treatment, the process of scores in the rehabilitation group was obviously superior to that in the control group(P<0.001). Conclusions Rehabilitation training on hemiplegics after stroke may obviously improve motor function, depressing the disability and increasing the living quality.

Objective To examine the clinical factors associated with postoperative outcome in dementia combined with cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related intracerebral hemorrhage (CAA-ICH). Methods The clinical data of 25 surgical patients of dementia combined with CAA-ICH were retrospectively analyzed. The postoperative short-term effects and long-term effects were evaluated at the 30 d and 6 months after operation according to the modified Rankin score (MRS), and the influencing factors were analyzed. Results Among the 25 patients, eusemia was in 6 cases. Age ≥ 75 years, Glasgow coma score (GCS) ≤ 8 scores on admission, hypertension, postoperative anemia, pulmonary diseases, midline shift were the influencing factors of postoperative short-term effects (P < 0.05 or <0.01). Twenty-two patients were followed up for 6 months, and ensemia was in 9 cases. Age≥75 years, GCS ≤ 8 scores on admission, hypertension, postoperative anemia, hypoproteinemia and pulmonary diseases were the influencing factors of postoperative long-term effects (P<0.01 or<0.05). Conclusions Preoperative assessment is important for the patients of dementia combined with CAA-ICH. Age ≥ 75 years, GCS ≤ 8 socres on admission, hypertension, postoperative anemia, pulmonary diseases, midline shift are associated with poor short-term effects; age ≥ 75 years, GCS ≤ 8 scores on admission,hypertension, postoperative anemia, hypoproteinemia and pulmonary diseases are associated with poor long-term effects.

Objective To evaluate the early effects of bone cement prostheses versus cementless prostheses in very elderly patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty.Methods A total of 110 patients aged 70 years and over who had undergone hip replacement because of hip disease from March 2011 to March 2013 were selected.104 cases were followed up for 3 years,with 46 cases treated with the bone cement prostheses(Group A) and 58 cases with cementless prostheses(Group B).The conditions before and after surgery were recorded.Postoperative Harris scores were collected to evaluate the function of the hip joint,and the loosening of hip prostheses was detected by x-ray.Results Intraoperative blood loss and postoperative drainage volume were lower in Group A than in Group B [(236.0±26.3) ml vs.(296.0±34.5) m1,(123.0±20.3) ml vs.(156.0±26.4) ml,both P ＜0.05].Harris scores before,6 months,1,2 and 3 years after surgery were(40.2±7.2),(80.3±5.2),(90.2±4.5),(90.6±4.2),and(90.8±3.5) in Group A,and(39.8±6.3),(76.5±8.7),(86.5±5.1),(89.3± 4.8),and(91.0± 4.1) in Group B,respectively.Harris scores 6 months and 1 year after surgery were higher in Group A than in Group B,and there was no significant difference in Harris scores between the two groups 2 and 3 years after surgery(P＞0.05).Pain scores before,6 months,1,2 and 3 years after surgery were(13.5± 5.3),(37.5± 6.2),(38.4±5.3),(39.1 ±2.5) and(39.0±2.1) in Group A and(12.9±6.2),(30.2±8.7),(35.9±6.5),(38.6±4.8) and(39.2±2.6) in Group B,respectively.Pain scores 1 year after surgery was better in Group A than in Group B,and there was no significant difference in pain scores between the two groups 2 and 3 years after surgery(P＞0.05).Bone cement implantation syndrome occurred in 6 cases in Group A,of which 1 case had respiratory and cardiac arrest and was successfully rescued after cardiopulmonary resuscitation.In addition,in Group A,1 case had osteolytic disease 2 years after surgery,and,in Group B,4 cases had proximal femoral fractures and 1 case had osteolytic disease 3 years after surgery.Conclusions For very elderly patients undergoing total hip replacement,satisfactory early therapeutic effects can be achieved by using bone cement or cementless prostheses.Intraoperative blood loss,postoperative drainage volume and Harris scores 1 year after surgery are better with bone cement prostheses than with cementless prostheses.Close attention should be paid to possible development of bone cement implantation syndrome during operation.

Objective To estimate the effect of pedicle screw fixation of thoracolumbar fractures via paraspinal approach and compare it with the conventional posterior midline approach.Methods Forty-two cases of thoracolumbar monosegmental fractures subjected to single posterior pedicle screw fixation and reduction from December 2008 to May 2010 were included in the study.Among the patients,19 cases were operated through paraspinal muscular-sparing approach (paraspinal approach group) and 23 cases through posterior midline surgical approach (conventional approach group).Surgical incision length,operation time,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative drainage volume,postoperative hospital stay,pre-and post-operative VAS and other perioperative indices as well as fracture reduction outcome were compared between the two groups.Oswestry disability index (ODI) was assessed after operation.Results There were no statistical differences between the two groups in aspects of surgical incision length,operation time,postoperative hospital stay,height restoration of fractured vertebra (P ＞ 0.05),but intraoperative blood loss (148.5 ± 26.5) ml,postoperative draining loss (72.9 ± 17.3) ml,postoperative VAS (1.1 ± 0.3) points and ODI (13.4 ± 2.7) points in paraspinal approach group showed statistical differences from those in conventional approach group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Paraspinal muscle-sparing approach is characterized by minor trauma,less bleeding,slight pain and quick recovery as compared with conventional posterior midline approach and hence may be the preferred choice for the treatment of thoracolumbar fracture without spinal canal decompression.

Objective To explore the effect of ω-3 fish oil on nutrition improvement and inflammatory reaction of patients with gastrointestinal tumor after operation.Methods 60 cases with gastrointestinal tumor were divided into control group(30 cases) and study group (30 cases),both groups were provided with parenteral nutrition treatment[ 104.6 kJ · kg-1 · d-1 ].Fish-oil fatty emulsion was given to the study group.The postoperative for the first day received half of the total energy and the total energy The remaining four days.Blood samples were gained on the morning of day 1,on the morning of day 3 and day 6 after operation respectively to measure albumin ( ALB),prealbumin (PA),total protein(TP),transferrin(TRF),the neutrophilic granulocyte count,lymphocyte count (TLC),serum C-reactive protein(CRP).Results Both groups of patients was comparable(all P ＜ 0.05 ).Both groups of patients was treated after five days of postoperative and ALB,TP,TRF were not significantly different.PA in both groups on day 6 was significantly increased,and the study group was higher than control group.there were statistical differences between them ( all P ＜ 0.05 ).The neutrophilic granulocyte count and CRP of both groups were significant reduced,and the study group was lower than control group.There were statistical differences between them( all P ＜0.05 ).Conclusion ω-3 fish oil on nutrition could improve nutritional quality and modulate inflammatory reaction of patients with gastrointestinal tumor after operation.

Objective To investigate the effect of fish oil parenteral supplementation on monocyte function in gastrointestinal cancer patients.Methods Sixty-four gastrointestinal cancer volunteers were equally randomized into study group and control group.Both groups received conventional lipid emulsion,and the study group was added with fish oil parenteral supplementation for 5 days.Blood samples were collected on the 1st,3rd,and 6th post-operative days to detect the interleukin (IL)-1β,IL-10,IL-6,tumor necrosis factor-α,and human leukocyte antigen-DR.Results After 5 days of continuous management,the IL-1β,IL-6,and tumor necrosis factor-o levels in the study group became significantly lower than those in the control group [(1 818 ± 213)pg/Lvs (2292 ±289)pg/L,P=0.027; (415 ±71)pg/Lvs (791±163)pg/L,P=0.001; (2 194± 350) pg/L vs (2 509 ± 507)pg/L,P =0.036,respectively),whereas the level of IL-10 by mononuclear leukocytes in two groups showed no significant difference.The expression of human leukocyte antigen-DR was significantly increased in both groups,but was significantly higher in the study group than in the control group [(76.6±15.2)％ vs (62.3±16.8)％,P=0.029].Conclusion Fish oil helps improve postoperative monocyte function in patients with gastrointestinal tumor.

Objective To study the effects and mechanism of different administrations of atorvastatin on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) in rats.Methods A total of 160 male SD rats were randomly divided into five groups:sham group,MI/R group,atorvastatin of conventional dose (MI/R + N) group,atorvastatin of preoperative signal loading dose (MI/R+SL) group,and atorvastatin of preoperative continuous loading dose (MI/ R+ML) group.MI/R model was established in the rats.Myocardial infarction size was detected by Evans blue/ TTC staining.The activity of ATPase of cardiac muscle and the levels of serum IL-6 and TNF-α were detected by ELISA.The level of LVEF％ was detected by small animal ultrasound.Results Compared with MI/R+N group,MI/R+ SL and MI/R+ ML groups had significantly smaller myocardial infarction size (P＜0.05),higher activity of ATPase (P＜0.05),lower levels of serum IL-6 andTNF-α (P＜0.05),and more advancedLVEF％ (P＜0.05).However,MI/R+SL group and MI/R+ML group did not differ significantly in the above-mentioned parameters.Conclusion Atorvastatin of loading dose might alleviate MI/R injury by improving ATP metabolism of cardiac muscle and reducing abnormal expressions of inflammation factors.Meanwhile,the administration of preoperative continuous loading dose and preoperative signal loading dose of atorvastatin may not differ in protecting against MI/R injury.

BACKGROUND: As a minimally invasive technology, percutaneous vertebroplasty is a safe and effective treatment for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures.OBJECTIVE: To overview the research progress concerning the biomechanical properties, bone strength maintenance, bone absorption and degradation of bone filling materials used in percutaneous vertebroplasty.METHODS: The first author conducted a computer-based retrieval of CNKI, PubMed and Medline databases for relevant articles published from January 2005 to May 2016. The keywords were bone cement, bone filling materials, percutaneous vertebroplasty in English and Chinese, respectively.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Polymethyl methacrylate is not an ideal material for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. Calcium phosphate cement and calcium sulfate cement can replace the traditional polymethyl methacrylate; however, some problems still exist, such as poor effect of venography, incontrollable biological degradation rate, and lack of the evidence-based medicine about its long-term effect. Composite bone cement, as a good bone repair material, holds the advantages of various bone cements. As the composite bone cement has just been introduced in clinical practice, its long-term curative efficacy needs to be further studied.