ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection on the func-tion of antral G cell in patients with active duodenal ulcer (DU) and functional dyspepsia (FD). Methods According to the status of H. pylori, 77 patients with active DU were randomly divided into three groups:group A, 51 cases whom H. pylori successfully eradicated (male 37 and female 14, with mean age of 35.2± 12.6); group B, 12 cases remained H. pylori positive after eradication therapy (male 9 and female 3, 34.5± 10.3) and group C, 14 H. pylori-negative patients (male 9 and female 5, 37.5 ± 11.8). Twenty-five H.pylori-eradicated FD patients served as controls (male 15 and female 10, 38.1 ± 12.6). Before and one month after therapy gastroendoscopy was performed and antral mucosa specimens were taken to detect the number of G cell (immunohistochemistry) and the expression of gastrin gene (RT-PCR with addition of α-32p-dATP).The plasma gastrin concentrations were also measurece by RIA. ResultsUlcer healed in all DU patients after the therapy. There was no significantly difference in G cell number among the four groups. Before therapy ex-pression levels of gastrin gene were significantly higher in all DU patients (group A 424.5 ± 151.6, group B 435.1 ± 113.8, group C 368.0 ± 184.3) than in FD patients (group D 215.8 ± 94.9 Bq, P ＜ 0.01 ). How-ever, there was not different between those in H. pylori-positive and H. pylori-negative DU patients ( P ＞0.05). Gastrin concentrations and its gene expression levels in DU patients tended to decrease after therapy but the difference was not significant no matter H. pylori was eradicated or not. However in FD patients (group D) they were decreased after H. pylori eradication (P < 0.05). Although gastrin levels in FD were similar to that in DU patients before the therapy, it was significantly decreased in FD than in DU after H. py-lori eradication (P<0.001). There was a positive relationships between plasma gastrin concentrations and its gene expression level in antral mucosa ( P < 0.05). ConclusionH. pylori infection does not affect antral G cell number but stimulates gastrin gene expression and gastrin release, which decreases after H. pylori eradica-tion. So, it can conclude that H. pylori infection and ulcer per se may affect the function of antral G cells.

Zinc, copper and iron contents of pooled hair samples of primary and secondary school pupils in Beijing City were determined and their relations with the age and sex of the pupils were discussed. The zinc content of the hair varied with the age of the pupils more significantly than the copper and iron content, and therefore, it might be taken as an indicator of the physical development of the pupils.

Objective To explore the expression of nitric oxide synthases including neuronal nitric oxide synthases(nNOS), inducible nitric oxide synthases(iNOS), endothelial nitric oxide synthases (eNOS) in neurogenic bladder tissues, and analyze it's producing feature and significance. Methods There were 30 cases with neurogenic bladder(18 males, 12 females). The average age was 6.3±3.1 years. All patients appeared with myelodysplasia, urinary and fecal incontinence in different degree. Twenty-six cases were manifested with hyperreflexia bladders, and all patients were treated with surgical procedures. During operation, collected bladder tissue samples including tissues of apex vesicae and tissues of bladder neck, and all tissues were enveloped with mineral wax. All tissues were detected for nNOS, iNOS, and eNOS respectively in tissues of apex vesicae and tissues of bladder neck,and with normal bladder tissues as control group (bladder tissues of hypospadia, 10 cases), and according to clinical features, to explore the expression of NOS, and to analyze the relationship among them. Results In normal apex vesicae tissues, all cases stained with nNOS, and distributed among bundles of smooth muscles, and surface of smooth muscles and interstitial tissue, histochemica;score (HS) 2.8-4.0 and 1.2-2.7. There were no stained cells in bladder tissues of iNOS, and HS was very low, HS:0-0. 4 and 0-0.1 ;eNOS mainly distributed in interstitial tissues in rarefaction manners, and mainly in vascular endothelial cell (VEC), and smooth muscles had no stainings the most expression among them was nNOS, and mainly distributed in bladder neck tissues. In neurogenic bladder tissues, the main expression of NOS type was iNOS, and nNOS decreased significantly. eNOS mainly expressed in VEC among interstitial tissues, and had no staining in smooth muscle cells and collagenoblast and rarefaction of microvessel in bladder tissues, and microvessel density decreased significantly than normal bladder tissues. Microvessal density(MVD) in bladder tisssus (6. 8± 3.2/100per square) was less than that in normal tissues (16.7±6.3/100 per square). Conclusions In normal bladder tissues, nNOS mainly distributes in bladder neck and urethra, and nitric oxide mainly derives from nNOS. Much more matrix fibers, fewer nitrogenergic nerves, and less nNOS expression are seen in neurogenic bladder interstitial tissue. There are more iNOS expressions in bladder tissues,and NO is mainly derived from iNOS, and it may play an important role in pathological bladder tissues, especially in fibrosis of bladder wall. eNOS may be considered as angiopoietic labeling, and may evaluate the blood supply of bladder.

Objective To investigate the effect of NS-398, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, on the expression of P-glycoprotein(P-gp) in a gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901. Methods SGC-7901 cells were treated with NS-398 in different concentrations (0, 10 ?mol/L and 100 ?mol/L) respectively. Prostaglandin E2(PGE2) was detected by ELISA. Twenty four hs and 48 hs later, the expression of mdr1 mRNA were detected by RT-PCR. P-gp protein expression in SGC-7901 cells was detected by immunocytochemical technique after NS-398 treatment.Results NS-398 can inhibit the expression of PGE2 in a dose-dependent manner(P

Objective: To investigate the correlation between prognosis of spinal metastatic cancer and the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). Methods: The expressions of MMPs and TIMPs were quantitatively studied by immunohistochemical method and image analysis technique in 77 patients with spinal metastatic cancer. The relation between MMPs and TIMPs expression and patients' prognosis was analyzed using Cox regression model. Results: The 3-year postoperative survival rate of the patients was 6.98% after a mean follow-up of 15.60?8.45 months ( 5.2-36 months). Both MMPs and TIMPs expressed in cancer cells and mesenchyme. The expression of MMP-2, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 was the highest in the metastatic tumor from lung cancer (P

Objective To investigate the cause and management of urethral dehiscence after hypospadias repair. Methods 23 cases of urethral dehiscence after hypospadias repair were reviewed.According to the location of meatus and the status of available skin, urethroplasty was performed by preputial island flap, scrotal island flap or bladder mucosa translocation. Results 23 cases were followed up from 1 to 9 years.15 cases were cured.3 developed urethral fistulae after the secondary repair, which were subsecondary closed up successfully by Thiersch procedure,4 had stricture at the anastomosis site or at the meatal stenosis , which were cured by a silastlic tube stent ( 1.5～5.0 months ). 1 had a mild penile curvature yet erection was satisfactory. Conclusions Preputial or scrotal island flap translocation should be the primary choice of secondary urethral reconstruction, whereas bladder mucosa graft is used in case of local skin deficiency.A secondary surgery should be performed by experceinced uro pediatric surgeons.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the expression of TGF ? receptor Ⅰ(RⅠ)and apoptosis in gastric carcinoma and precancerous lesions,and their effects in the development of gastric carcinoma.Methods The expressions of TGF ?RⅠ in 103 cases,including CSG(30 cases),IM(30 cases),Dys(18 cases)and GAC(25 cases)were detected by immunohistochemical techniques(SP),apoptosis cells were examined by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase(TdT) mediated dUTP nick end labelling(TUNEL).Results Both the expressions of TGF ?RⅠ and apoptosis indexes(AI:percentage of TUNEL positive cells)showed negative correlation with the degree of gastric mucosa lesions from CSG,IM,Dys to GAC(r=-0\^7272,P

Objective To evaluate the urodynamic outcome after bladder augmentation using double de-epithelialized segment of small intestine lined with urothelium. Methods Twenty-five children with neurogenical bladder (age range,4 to 14 years;16 males and 9 females) underwent bladder augmentation using de-epithelialized segment of small intestine lined with urothelium.Pre- and post-operative voiding cystoureterography,urodynamic and clinical evaluation were performed on them.Of them 21 cases were followed up for 6 to 24 months after operation. Results Bladder volume was increased from pre-operative (142.14?45.88)ml to post-operative (242.62?60.04) ml,compliance from (3.26?1.57) ml/cmH 2O (1 cmH 2O=0.098 kPa) to(8.10?3.00)ml/cmH 2O,and maximum urine flow rate from (3.00?1.00) ml/s to (7.60?2.90)ml/s,respectively(P

Objective To investigate the clinical features of anuria caused by pediatric congenital bilateral ureteral stenotic obstruction,and to improve the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.Methods This series included 7 infants(2 males and 5 females;age range,35-57 d) with congenital bilateral ureteral stenotic obstruction.The clinical presentations were characterized by sudden anuria or oliguria.B-ultrasound,cystography and puncture pyelography were performed in all of them,and magnetic resonance urography(MRU) in 3.Based on the definite diagnosis,resection of stenotic segment of the ureter or ureteral implantation was performed on them.Results The diagnosis was confirmed by puncture pyelography in all of the 7 cases.Six cases underwent phase I surgery and recovered.No ureteral stenosis and cystoureteral reflux occurred during a follow-up of 2-4 years.The renal function was normalized in them.One case had stenosis recurrence due to scar formation,and was cured by the second operation.Conclusions Anuria caused by pediatric congenital bilateral ureteral stenosis should be diagnosed and treated as early as possible.Definite diagnosis can be established by puncture pyelography and MRU.Resection of the obstructive segment of the ureter,protection of renal function,and ureteral implantation are the main therapies.

Objective To investigate the different expression of various subtypes of human leukocyte antigen-G(HLA-G)in placenta of patients complicated with severe pre-eclampsia.Methods Ten placental samples from early-onset severe pre-eclamptic pregnancies and ten from late-onset severe preeclamptic pregnancies were collected as study group; ten placental samples from preterm pregnancies and ten from normal pregnancies were collected as control group.The levels of HLA-G protein in the four groups were measured by western blot and immunohistochemistry.Results(1)HLA-G1 protein decreased significantly in both the early-onset(2.4 ± 0.6 versus 2.9 ± 1.1,P ＜ 0.05)and the late-onset pre-eclampsia groups (3.5 ± 2.1 versus 4.2 ± 2.4,P ＜ 0.05).(2)HLA-G5 protein increased in the late-onset pre-eclampsia groups(1.8 ± 1.1 versus 1.1 ± 0.9,P ＜ 0.05); the increase in the early-onset pre-eclampsia group is not obvious(1.6 ± 0.9 versus 1.4 ± 0.7,P ＞ 0.05).(3)The level of HLA-G1 protein in placenta from patients complicated with premature labor is lower(2.9 ± 1.1 versus 4.2 ± 2.4,P ＜ 0.05); HLA-G5 protein does not change significantly(1.4 ± 0.7 versus 1.1 ± 0.9,P ＞ 0.05).(4)HLA-G1 and G5 proteins mainly express in the placenta extravillous cytotrophoblast cells.There is also a high level of expression around the blood vessels and in the extraembryonic mesoderm.Conclusions(1)HLA-G1 decreased significantly in both the early-onset and late-onset pre-eclamptic patients.(2)HLA-G5 increased in both the early-onset and late-onset pre-eclamptic patients,and the increase in the late-onset pre-eclamptic patients is obvious.(3)In late pregnancy,the level of HLA-G1 is lower in patients complicated with premature labor,this may be the result of its earlier pregnancy week; HLA-G5 does not change significantly.(4)HLA-G1 and G5 mainly express in the placenta extravillous cytotrophoblast cells.