Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and prognosis factors of child hemophagocytic syndrome(HPS)in different age groups.Methods Eighty-five children cases of HPS were divided into 3 age groups,0-2 years old (group A),＞2-8 years old (group B) and ＞8-14 years old (group C).The etiology,pathology,clinical symptoms,laboratory detection and prognosis were retrospectively analyzed.Results In the etiology,the etiology in the group A,B and C was dominated by EB virus infection,the infection positive rate in the group C was significantly higher than that in the group B and C;in the bone marrow examination:the occurrence rate of granulocytes to erythrocytes ratio ＜1.0 in the group A was higher than that in the group C;in the clinical symptoms,cervical lymph node enlargement mostly occurred in the group B,hepatosplenomegaly was most rare in the group C,and the serous cavity effusion commonly occurred in the group B;in the laboratory detection,the LDH level in the group B was higher than that in the group A,the above differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in other clinical symptoms and laboratory detection results among the three groups (P＞0.05);In the comparison between the survival group and death group,the serous cavity effusion,triglyceride(TG),CD4/CD8 ratio and granulocytes to erythrocytes ratio in bone marrow had statistical difference(P＜0.05).The above factors were performed the Logistic analysis,the results showed that TG＞3.5 mmol/L,CD4/CD8 ratio ＜1.24 and bone marrow granulocytes to erythrocytes ratio ＜1.02 were the unfavorable risk factors affecting the prognosis of child HPS (P＜0.05).Conclusion Partial clinical characteristics of child HPS are related with the onset age,TG level,CD4/CD8 ratio and bone marrow granulocytes to erythrocytes ratio are the risk factors affecting prognosis.

Objective To observe toxic symptoms and signs , toxic damage extents and reversibility in rats after oral administration of Tangwang Mingmu granules .Methods Four dose groups with 40 rats in each group were designed in this study, including control group fed with distilled water and three groups at different dosages of the test drug .Tangwang Mingmu granules were orally administered to SD rats at the dosage of 8.4, 4.2 and 2.1 g/kg for 3 weeks and 14.0, 8.4 and 4.2 g/kg for 23 weeks, for 26 consecutive weeks .The general state of the rats was observed every day , while body mass and food consumption were calculated once a week .Halfway through and at the end of the administration (13 and 26 weeks) and after four weeks of recovery, parameters of body mass, hematology, hematological biochemistry, organ/body mass ratio and histopathology were measured .Results Compared with the control group at the same time-point, body mass of male rats in the other three groups was slightly reduced .Food consumption in high and medium dose groups was reduced (P<0.05), MCHC, ALT, TBIL and Na +in high dose group were decreased (P<0.05), TP, ALB and D-BIL were increased (P<0.05), the mean body mass and relative organ weight of thymus in medium dose male rats were decreased (P<0.05), relative organ weight of the liver and kidney in high dose male rats was increased (P<0.05), and focal chronic inflammation to different extent was observed in the liver , kidney and prostate gland .No dose-effect relationship was found in these perturbations that were all within the normal range of animals .No significant drug-related pathological changes were found.Conclusion The NOAEL of Tangwang Mingmu granules is considered to be 14.0 g/kg body mass/day (equal to 50 times the proposed clinical adult dosage ) for the 26-week repeated dose oral toxicity study in male andfemale rats.

OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to examine the factor structure of Young Schema Questionnaire-short form (YSQ-SF) in a sample of Chinese adolescents, and to explore which maladaptive schemas were associated with anxiety symptoms. METHODS: YSQ-SF was administered to 983 nonclinical Chinese adolescents aged 13–17 years. Confirmatory factor analyses with weighted least squares means and variance adjusted estimation were conducted to examine the factor structure of YSQ-SF. Stepwise regression analyses were performed to identify schemas associated with anxiety symptoms. RESULTS: A bifactor model with 15 correlated factors fitted the data better than other priori defined models. Stepwise regressions showed Vulnerability to harm, Abandonment, Emotional inhibition, Subjugation, and Unrelenting standards schemas were associated with anxiety symptoms. Furthermore, different anxiety symptoms were associated with common and distinctive schemas. CONCLUSION: Maladaptive schemas were already stably formed in Chinese adolescents, however there's no robust evidence for the existence of domain. The explanatory value of maladaptive schemas for understanding psychopathology of anxiety in adolescence is discussed.
Adolescent ; Anxiety ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Humans ; Least-Squares Analysis ; Psychopathology ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Objective To evaluate the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in children with β-thalasse-mia major and their parents,and to analyze its affecting factors.Methods PedsQLTM 4.0 generic core scale and a demographic questionnaire were used to assess HRQoL in 45 children with β-thalassemia major and their parents,which were between 5 and 12 years old,had received blood transfusion in Chengdu Women and Children's Central Hospital during 2016.Results The total summary score of patients' HRQoL was (74.58 ± 7.29) score,in which,the social functioning subscale score was the highest,and school functioning subscale score was the lowest.The total summary score of parents' HRQoL was (64.43 ± 11.54) score,and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Parents' s core of the psychosocial health [(69.03 ± 12.24) score],the emotional functioning [(67.78 ± 12.67)score]and the School functioning [(57.92 ± 11.61) score]were significantly lower than those of children[(78.19 ±13.42) score,(83.75 ±9.05) score,(69.58 ± 10.30) score],and the differences were statistically significant(all P ＜0.05).The HRQoL of children was positively correlated with onset age of anemia and hemoglobin (Hb) level before transfusion (r =0.771,0.824,all P ＜ 0.01),but which was negatively correlated with iron chelation therapy (r =-0.573,P ＜ 0.01).In contrast,gender,frequency of blood transfusions during the previous 3 months,the type of blood transfusion and iron chelation treatment were not significantly related to HRQoL among these patients.All of these factors were not related to the HRQoL of their parents(P ＞ 0.05).A multiple regression analysis revealed that the HRQoL of children with β-thalassemia major was significantly correlated with onset age of anemia(P =0.005),Hb level before transfusion (P =0.026) and iron chelation therapy (P =0.000).Conclusions The HRQoL of children with β-thalassemia major and their parents were remarkably low.Comprehensive programs including social support,medical service and psychological care should be provided for these children and their parents.

Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics of children with septic shock and analyze the drug resistance of blood culture positive bacteria.Methods:The clinical data,positive blood culture strains and drug sensitivity results of 127 children with septic shock admitted to the Department of Intensive Care Medicine of Hunan Children's Hospital from September 2015 to August 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.Results:A total of 134 strains of bacteria or fungi were isolated from the blood culture samples of 127 children with septic shock,and gram-negative strains were the main ones,accounting for 67.16% (90/134).Haemophilus influenzae and Escherichia coli were the main gram-negative bacteria,accounting for 38.81% (52/134) and 20.15% (27/134)，respectively,while Streptococcus pneumoniae was the main gram-positive bacteria,accounting for 8.21% (11/134),and Candida albicans was the main fungus,accounting for 10.45% (14/134).The number of white blood cells,the levels of serum C-reactive protein,procalcitonin,venous blood sugar and arterial blood lactic acid in patients were all significantly higher than normal values,and the white blood cells count and neutrophil percentage in gram-positive bacterial infections were significantly higher than those with gram-negative bacterial infections and fungal infections( P<0.05).Procalcitonin increased most obviously when infected by gram-negative bacteria,and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05).Gram-positive strains were sensitive to vancomycin,teicoplanin,and linezolid,but only 50% of Streptococcus pneumoniae were sensitive to penicillin.Gram-negative strains had relatively high drug resistance,among which Klebsiella pneumoniae were only highly resistant to imipenem,cilastatin and levofloxacin,reaching 50%.Haemophilus influenzae was resistant to cephalosporins and β-amides enzyme antibiotic,and the drug sensitivity rate of lactamase antibiotics was high,with a resistance rate of 50% only to ampicillin,cefuroxime,amikacin,and compound sulfamethoxazole.There were not many fungal strains,and most antifungal drugs were effective against blood culture-positive fungi. Conclusion:The main pathogens of infection in children with septic shock are gram-negative bacteria,and have high resistance to general antibiotics.We should pay attention to their drug resistance when using antibiotics empirically.

Tissue engineering bone technology, grounded in seed cells, cytokines, and scaffold supports, provides an effective solution for addressing extensive bone defects, demonstrating significant potentials in the field of bone repair. However, this technology still faces numerous challenges. Focusing on vascularization in engineered bones, this article reviews various methods to enhance vascularization within tissue-engineered bones, including multicellular co-culture, application of angiogenic factors, advanced 3D printing, and aid of surgical interventions. This article also analyses the latest research developments and the limitations of the methods, and speculates future research directions for tissue engineered bone.

Objective:To explore the clinical and imaging characteristics of patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms accompanied by sentinel headache.Methods:Forty patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms confirmed by DSA/CTA and accompanied by sentinel headache admitted to Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xiangnan University from January 2018 to August 2023 were selected as the study subjects; the clinical and imaging characteristics of these patients were summarized. Forty-four patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms without sentinel headache and 40 patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage caused by ruptured intracranial aneurysms admitted to the hospital at the same period were selected as controls. The differences in aneurysm length (maximum diameter), morphology, tumor length (maximum diameter)/neck width (AR), and risk score for rupture of intracranial aneurysms (scores of population, hypertension, age, size of aneurysm, earlier aneurysm rupture, site of aneurysm [PHASES]) among the 3 groups were analyzed.Results:Among the 40 patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms accompanied by sentinel headache, 20 (50%) presented with pain localized at the lateral frontal and orbital regions, 3 (7.5%) with pain at the posterior neck region, and 17 (42.5%) with irregular headache sites; 34 (85%) had new onset headache, and 6 (15%) had changes in headache nature besides chronic headache; 24 patients (60%) had posterior communicating artery aneurysm, 12 (30%) had internal carotid artery aneurysm, 1 (2.5%) had middle cerebral artery aneurysm, and 3 (7.5%) had vertebral artery dissection aneurysm; 36 (90%) had irregular aneurysm morphology. Compared with patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms without sentinel headache, patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms accompanied by sentinel headache and those with subarachnoid hemorrhage caused by ruptured intracranial aneurysms had larger aneurysm length (maximum diameter), higher proportion of irregular morphology, higher AR value, and higher PHASES scores, with significant differences ( P<0.05). Compared with patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage caused by ruptured intracranial aneurysms, patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms accompanied by sentinel headache had larger aneurysm length (maximum diameter) and higher PHASES scores, with significant differences ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Sentinel headache is common in patients with unruptured posterior communicating artery aneurysms, and the relatively specific headache pattern is sudden periorbital pain or posterior neck pain; patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms accompanied by sentinel headache have a higher rupture risk due to the larger size, more irregular shape, higher AR value of the aneurysm, therefore, same attention should be payed to these patients as those with ruptured aneurysms in clinical practice.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of antaitasvir phosphate 100 mg or 200 mg combined with yiqibuvir for 12 weeks in patients with various genotypes of chronic hepatitis C, without cirrhosis or compensated stage cirrhosis.Methods:Patients with chronic hepatitis C (without cirrhosis or compensated stage cirrhosis) were randomly assigned to the antaitasvir phosphate 100 mg+yiqibuvir 600 mg group (100 mg group) or the antaitasvir phosphate 200 mg+yiqibuvir 600 mg group (200 mg group) in a 1∶1 ratio. The drugs were continuously administered once a day for 12 weeks and observed for 24 weeks after drug withdrawal. The drug safety profile was assessed concurrently with the observation of the sustained virological response (SVR12) in the two patient groups 12 weeks following the drug cessation. The intention-to-treat concept was used to define as closely as possible a full analysis set, including all randomized cases who received the experimental drug at least once. The safety set was collected from all subjects who received the experimental drug at least once (regardless of whether they participated in the randomization group) in this study. All efficacy endpoints and safety profile data were summarized using descriptive statistics. The primary efficacy endpoint was SVR12. The primary analysis was performed on a full analysis set. The frequency and proportion of cases were calculated in the experimental drug group (antaitasvir phosphate capsules combined with yiqibuvir tablets) that achieved "HCV RNA