Objective To preliminarily explore the early process of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in HepG2 cells induced by dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO) ,and provide cytological bases for mechanism study of HBV infection in vitro .Methods HepG cells were divided into the DMSO inducing group and control group ,and were cultured 4 days by DMEM containing 1 .5% DMSO and normal DMEM respectively ;changes of cellular morphology were observed .In addition ,selected ECV304 cells as the negative con‐trol group and treated with DMSO .Cells in the three groups were incubated 2 hours with HBV positive serum after culturing 24 hours ,then trypsin digestive solution ,HepG2 cells and ECV304 cells were collected and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for the determination of HBV DNA .Simultaneously ,the blank control group was set ,and the position of HBsAg on HepG2 cells were detected by using indirect immunofluorescence .Results HepG2 cell volume in the DMSO inducing group was obviously in‐creased .HBV DNA was found in HepG2 cells both in DMSO inducing group and control group ,and DMSO inducing group ex‐pressed much stronger .The results of IIF shown that green fluorescent signals of cell membrane and cytoplasm of HepG 2 cells in the DMSO inducing group were increased obviously ,while the results of HBV DNA and IIF both were negative in the negative con‐trol group .Conclusion DMSO could facilitate adsorption of HBsAg in some extent ,which are benefit for completing the process of early infection .

Objective To determine Haemophilus influenzae type b strains in molecular level using PCR,and to study the immunogenicity of capsular polysaccharide conjugates in mice.Methods Extracting genomes using bacterial DNA extract kit from Hoemophilus influenzae type b strains,and PCR for determining the strains through serotyping-specific and capsular genotyping primers respectively.Various capsular polysaccharides conjugated TT respectively,and the conjugates were administered subcutaneously to mice through dilution.After vaccination with two doses,blood samples were collected for the detection of antibody levels to polyribosylribitol phosphate ( PRP),the capsular polysaccharide of Hib.Results All five Haemophilus influenzae type b strains contain type-specific(482 bp) and capsular type (343 bp)DNA fragment through PCR detecting.The DNA fragments were sequenced.BLAST show that these sequences are 100％ homology comparing the above strains respectively,and are 99％ and 100％ homology comparing the GenBank X78559.1 and M19995.1 respectively.The immunogenicity of mice from various capsular polysaccharide conjugates (PRP-TT) was not significantly different by ELISA detecting.Conclusion Through PCR,Haemophilus influenzae type b strain can be determined in molecular level.The immunogenicity of mice from purified capsular polysaccharide conjugates was not different.The study provides a detection means for the features and heredity stability of Haemophilus influenzae type b strain and reference data for the immunogenicity of different polysaccharide conjugates in vaccine research and development and production.

The phenomenon of secondary ischemic brain injury after intracerebral hemorrhage is more common in clinical practice.In recent years,a growing number of studies are trying to find an effective therapy to avoid the occurrence of ischemic brain injury and improve the prognosis in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.This article reviews the incidence and mechanisms of ischemic brain injury after intracerebral hemorrhage.

Objective To detect the microvessel density(MVD) marked by MIF protein in esophagus squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC), and to see if a relationship exists between microvessel density(MVD) and clinicopathologic features. Methods The expression of MIF in vascular endothelial cell in forty ESCC specimens was examined by immunohistocbemistry staining, calculated the mean of MVD and analysed the relationship with clinicopathologic features. Results The positive rate of MIF protein was 95.00 %(38/40) in ESCC vascular endothelial cell. Compared with the normal esophageal squamous tissue[32.50 %(13/40)], there was significant difference in statistics, the mean of MVD was 26.5±8.5. MVD was positively correlated with the tumor TNM stages and lymph node motastasis. Conclusion MIF can be used in tagging vascular endothelial cell, MVD of ESCC was positively correlated with the tumor TNM stages and lymph node metastasis. It might be an major prognostic factor in ESCC.

Objective To study the clinical value of magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy in diseases screening. Method We retrospectively analyzed 61 cases which were evaluated by magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy from March 2015 to December 2016. The items include operating time, the divergence rate score and cleanliness score of stomach. The consistency was compared between magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy and gastric duodenal endoscopy. Results 61 upper gastrointestinal tract studies were included. The mean age was (49.4 ± 11.6) years. No capsule retention, perforation or bleeding occurred. There was 98.4% patients, which cleanliness of stomach was good. There was 68.9% patients, which filling degree of stomach was good. The concordance rate of the two tests of gastrduodenoscopy and magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy was 89.9% (80/89). The concordance rate of the two tests was 78.9% (15/19) in esophageal and cardia, 92.9% (52/56) in stomach, 92.9% (13/14) in duodenum. Conclusion Our experience shows that magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy is a safe and useful tool for the diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal tract disease. The detection rate is similar to gastrduodenoscopy.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the situation of anti-cold compound preparations for children,and provide reference for clinical rational drug use. METHODS:The drug instructions of anti-cold compound preparations for children were collected from our hospital and analyzed statistically in recpects of drug components,specifications,formulations and dosages of those prepara-tions;typical irrational prescriptions from Jan. to May 2015 were also analyzed. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:40 kinds of an-ti-cold compound preparations for children were currently used in our hospital,including 14 chemical drugs and 26 Chinese medi-cine,in which,15 were not specified in the drug instructions for pediatric dosage (accounting for 37.5%). Anti-cold compound preparations had many kinds,varied largely in specifications and dosages. The children with same constitution and age take differ-ent drugs according to the drug instructions,the dosages of the same component are greatly different,the child dosages in the drug instructions need to be further improved. There are problems of irrational drug use in our hospital, such as repeated medication, medicine incompatibility,in appropriate dose.

Objective:To study the mechanism of interleukin-10(IL-10)inhibiting the function of dendritic cells(DCs).Meth-ods:Cultured C57BL/6 mouse bone marrow-derived DCs were divided into 5 groups:control group,LPS stimulated group,IL-10 treated group,IL-10+Rapamycin treated group and Rapamycin treated group .The regulatory mechanism of IL-10 on dendritic cells were evalua-ted from DCs function ,Flow cytometry was used to analyse the expression of DCs surface co-stimulator CD80 ,CD40 expression ,the abil-ity of uptaking antigen and stimulating T cell to proliferate;ELISA was used to detect the cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α.Western blot was used to analyse the autophagy related protein LC3.Compared the differences between the groups.Results:(1)Compared to LPS stimu-lated group,IL-10 treated group,DCs surface co-stimulator CD40,CD80 were decreased,IL-6 and TNF-αsecretion level and the ability to stimulate T cell to proliferate were decreased ,the ability to capture OVA antigen was increased .Compared to IL-10 treated group ,the DCs surface co-stimulator CD80 was decreased ( P<0.05 ) ,IL-6 and TNF-αsecretion level and the ability to stimulate T cell to prolifer-ate were increased(P<0.0001)in IL-10+rapamycin treated group.In addition,autophagy related proteins LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰwas decreased in IL-10 treated group.Conclusion:IL-10 may regulate functions of DCs through inhibiting the autophagy of DCs .

Objective To evaluate the role of angiotensin Ⅱ(AngⅡ) signal passway on the expression of Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha (RhoGDIα) in hypertensive rats. Methods Protein and mRNA expressions of RhoGDIα in aortae of 4, 12 and 18 week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR, n = 4) and Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY, n= 4) were examined by Western blotting and real-time PCR. Aortas from SHR and WKY were analyzed using immonuchemical staining to locate the RhoGDIα in the aorta. The RhoGDIα expression in aorta of hypertensive rat model of aorta coarctation (ACR, n = 6) was also analyzed using Western blotting. Furthermore, The effect of mechanical strain at 10 % elongation on expression of RhoGDIα in vascular smoothmuscle cells (VSMCs) in the presence or absence of L-158809, an antagonist for AngⅡ type 1 receptor, was also evaluated by Western blotting. Results No significant difference of RhoGDIα expression was found between SHR and WKY at 4-week-old and 12-week-old. However, in 18-week-old group, RhoGDIα was significantly highly expressed in SHR than that of WKY at both mRNA and protein levels. RhoGDIα was located in the media of the aorta. Expression of RhoGDIα protein was upregulated in aortas of ACR at 2 and 4 weeks as compared with the controls. The expression of RhoGDIα in VSMCs was inhibited by mechanicalstrain at 10 % elongation, and further decreased by treatment of L-158809. Conclusion RhoGDIα is upregulated in aortae of the hypertensive rats. AngⅡ signal passway may be involved in the process of regulating expression of RhoGDIα.

Based on the International Federation of Nursing Anesthetists (IFNA) education and training base, our hospital has built a training base for anesthesia specialized nurses in Nanjing from the following aspects: the application for training base of anesthesia specialized nurses, the qualification and examination of students' and teachers' qualification, the settings of training curriculum, the examination contents and methods, and the evaluation of post-training effect. This article summarizes the construction experience of this base, therefore, providing support and standard for the training of anesthesia specialized nurses.

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) combined with multi-modal techniques in spastic cerebral palsy (SCP).Methods:Thirty-one SCP patients, admitted to our hospital from June 2016 to June 2019, were chosen in our study; these patients received SDR combined with multi-modal techniques(single-level laminectomy, and intraoperative electromyography monitoring combined with micro-neurosurgery); and all patients received regular physical therapy postoperatively. Grading of manual muscle test (MMT) and grading modified Ashworth scale (MAS), and scores of Gross Motor Function Measure-88 (GMFM-88), Berg balance scale (BBS) and Functional Independence Measure (FIM) before surgery, and one, three, and 6 months after surgery were evaluated and compared.Results:As compared with those before surgery, significantly increased MMT grading, statistically decreased MAS grading, and significantly increased GMFM-88 scores, BBS scores, and FIM scale scores one, 3, and 6 months after surgery were recorded in these patients ( P<0.05). As compared with those one month after surgery, significantly increased MMT grading, statistically decreased MAS grading, and significantly increased GMFM-88 scores and FIM scores 6 months after surgery were recorded in these patients ( P<0.05). As compared with those 3 months after surgery, statistically decreased MAS grading 6 months after surgery were recorded in these patients ( P<0.05). There were no severe complications as CNS infection, cerebrospinal fluid leakage, incontinence, spondylolisthesis or spinal deformity, but only transient muscle weakness and numbness of lower limbs. Conclusion:SDR combined with multi-modal techniques is a safe and effective method for patients with SCP, which is minimally invasive, accurate and safe.