Objective:To explore the influence of nephroblastoma over expressed gene (CCN3)on differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs)into endothelial cells.Methods:BM-MSCs differentiation into endothelial cells induced by condition medium containing vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF,50ng/ml)was regarded as positive control group.BM-MSCs differentiation into endothelial cells induced by condition medium con-taining recombined CCN3 protein (100 ng/ml)and VEGF (50 ng/ml)was regarded as CCN3 group,and BM-MSCs incubated in pure complete medium was regarded as negative control group.Immunofluorescence staining and semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction method (RT-PCR)were used to measure expression of von Willebrand factor (vWF)after 16d to evaluate endothelial cell differentiation,and semi-quantitative RT-PCR method was used to measured expression of Notch1 gene mRNA before and after induced BM-MSCs differentiation. Results:On 16d after induced BM-MSCs differentiation,some cells of positive vWF fluorescence staining were ob-served in positive control group,those of CCN3 group was significantly more than those of positive control group, and expression of vWF mRNA [ratio of optical density (OD): (0.550±0.090)]of CCN3group was significantly higher than that of positive control group (0.358±0.080),(P<0.01),and no vWF-positive cells were observed in negative control group;Besides,before induced differentiation,expression of Notch1 gene mRNA were low in three groups without significant difference between any two groups (P>0.05 all),on 16d after induced differentiation, expressions of Notch1 gene mRNA in positive control group (0.232±0.047)and CCN3 group (0.352±0.029)were significantly higher than that of negative control group (0.132±0.033),P<0.01 all,it of CCN3 group was signifi-cantly higher that of positive control group (P<0.01).Conclusion:CCN3 can enhance BM-BMCs differentiation into endothelial cells by activating Notch1 signal pathway.

Objective To compare the ultrasonographic manifestations of ligamenta patella and their entheses of healthy volunteers with those of professional athletes. Methods Sonography was performed using a GE Logiq 700 MR Expert Series ultrasound equipment and a 5-10 MHz multifrequency linear array transducer. Fifty-two healthy volunteers and 20 professional athletes underwent sonography on ligamentum patella of both sides. Results The normal ligamenta patella′s contour was regular and sharply defined, appearing as tightly packed echoic structures with fine parallel internal linear echoes with a synovial sheath to a thickness of 0.02 cm. The attaching bone surface was smooth and continuous. The ligamenta patella of male was longer than that of the female(P

Purpose To explore the effect of ultrasonic section,patient position and other factors on Young's modulus and shear wave velocity measurement of the muscle,and to study the consistency between Young's modulus and shear wave velocity on reflection of muscle hardness.Materials and Methods Shear wave elastography was used to detect 10 healthy young men and 10 women.Longitudinal and transverse detection of the Young's modulus and shear wave velocity of gastrocnemius and soleus were performed in natural ankle joint position,maximum plantar flexion and maximum dorsiflexion position.Results ① Comparison of the elasticity measurement between gastrocnemius and soleus.There were significant differences in the Young's modulus in the maximum plantar flexion and Young's modulus and shear wave velocity in maximum dorsiflexion position in longitudinal detection (P＜0.05) that gastrocnemius measurements were higher than soleus measurements.There were significant differences in Young's modulus and the shear wave velocity (P＜0.05) in natural position and maximum dorsiflexion position that soleus measurements were higher than gastrocnemius measurements.② In the positions of the ankle joints,the differences between longitudinal detection values and transverse detection values of gastrocnemius or soleus were statistically significant (P＜0.01) and longitudinal detection values were higher than transverse detection values.③ Comparison of the elasticity measurement of gastrocnemius and soleus muscle among different positions of the ankle joints.The measurement in natural position and in the maximum plantar flexion were evidently higher than that in the maximum dorsiflexion position (P＜0.01) in longitudinal detection.The maximum dorsiflexion position showed higher elasticity measurement.Only elasticity measurement in natural position and the maximum plantar flexion of the soleus was statistically different from that in the maximum dorsiflexion position (P＜0.01) that it was higher in the maximum dorsiflexion position.Conclusion The ultrasound elasticity measurements of gastrocnemius and soleus are related with the ultrasonic longitudinal or transverse section and the relative ankle positions.Moreover,there are some differences in elasticity measurements between these two muscles.should be given to all of these in quantitative evaluation of muscle hardness using shear wave ultrasound elastography.

Abstract: Objective To investigate the nutritional status of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and its effects on conventional anti-tuberculosis treatment, so as to provide a basis for improving the efficacy of conventional treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods The relevant data of 168 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis admitted to Suining Central Hospital from April 2020 to April 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Nutritional status of the patients before treatment was investigated using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) score, and the influencing factors of nutritional status before treatment were analyzed. Therapeutic effects of anti-tuberculosis drugs in the non-nutritional risk group and the nutritional risk group were comparatively analyzed. Results Among the 168 patients, 64 were assessed as having good nutritional status before treatment, 59 had the risk of malnutrition and 45 were malnourished according to the MNA score. Univariate analysis and linear regression analysis showed that age, underlying diseases, and clinical symptoms were factors affecting the MNA score before treatment (t=3.173, 3.718, 2.018, P all<0.05); whereas gender and education level were not factors affecting MNA score before treatment (t=0.065, 0.059, P all>0.05). According to the MNA score before treatment, the patients were dividedinto a non-nutritional risk group (MNA score > 23.5) and a nutritional risk group (MNA score ≤23.5). The negative conversion rate of sputum bacteria, effective rate of focal absorption in the non-nutritional risk group were 92.19% (59/64)and90.63% (58/64) , respectively, which were significantly higher than corresponding 79.85% (82/104)and76.92% (80/104) in the nutritional risk group. The drug resistance rate, adverse reaction rate, and average treatment cost of the no nutritional risk group and nutritional risk group were 7.81% (5/64) and 21.15% (12/104), 15.63% (10/64) and 31.73% (33/104), (0.62±0.13) million yuan and (0.89±0.26) million yuan, respectively, with significant differences (χ2=5.228, 5.071, 7.685, 5.396, 7.728, P all<0.05). Conclusions Patients with pulmonary tuberculosis exhibit poor nutritional status before treatment. The patients’nutritional status is easily affected by age, underlying diseases, and clinical symptoms, thereby affecting the effect of anti-tuberculosis treatment. Therefore, early nutritional intervention for tuberculosis patients should be recommended in order to prevent malnutrition and enhance the effectiveness of anti-tuberculosis treatment.

ObjectiveToexplore the appearance ofmusclecrushinjuryatquantitative ultrasonographic elastography by supersonic shear imaging (SSI).MethodsThe animal experiment was done using a special balloon cuff device to create left hind leg crush injury with a force of 18.6 kPa.Twentythree New Zealand rabbits had crush injury of extremity and survived for 72 hours.SSI quantitative elastography was performed in crushed and no-crushed regions of each rabbit hind leg.Quantitative lesion elasticity was measured in terms of the Young modulus (in kilopascals) at 30 min,2 h,6 h,24 h and 72 h after the release of the crushing pressure.A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to assess diagnostic performance.ResultsThe area of crushed region in left hind leg accounted for 2.6％ -3.0％ of body surface area in 23 rabbits.The crushed regions exhibited maximum elasticity values of (19.51 ± 6.74)kPa,(21.47 ± 5.54) Pa,(11.36 ± 5.35)kPa,(15.09 ± 3.31)kPa and (13.72 ± 3.74) kPa,and mean elasticity values of (12.44 ± 3.77)kPa,(13.20 ± 3.60)kPa,(6.80±2.86)kPa,(10.04 ± 2.95)kPa and (6.94 ± 0.97)kPa at 30 min,2 h,6 h,24 h and 72 h after the release of the crushing pressure.Comparing with those of no-crushed regions,they were higher obviously (P＜0.001).ROC curves showed that extremity crush injury was diagnosed by using elasticity value,and the greater the elasticity value,the greater the diagnostic value.Conclusions SSI provides quantitative elasticity measurements,thus adding complementary information that potentially could help in crush injury characterization with conventional ultrasonography.

Purpose:The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of color Doppler Ultrasound in Budd-Chiari Syndrome (BCS) with hepatic venous(HV) outflow obstruction.Materials and Methods:The features of ultrasonography in 138 patients of Budd-Chian Syndrome were analyzed and compared with that of angiography.Results:83 patients had membranous obstruction and 45 segmental occlusion of HV.10 patients had HV stenosis.The ultrasound was able to reveal stenosis,atresia,emboli,or membranous obstruction in hepatic venous outflow tract.Collateral branches could be seen between the hepatic veins with short hepatic vein expanded.Both HV and IVC were involved in 35 cases,with thrombus in IVC in 11 and HV in 7.There was two false positive cases and 3 false negative in ultrasound diagnosis.Conclusion: The position and type of occlusion in HV could be accurately detected by color Doppler ultrasound,and so was the existence and degree of collateral circulation,which were of aid for the operation and follow-up.

Objective To quickly evaluate the traumatic degree of abdominal solid-organs using contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) and analysis on related factors with clinical treatment.Methods 52 patients with abdominal traumatic were observed by CEUS,and the traumatic degree was judged according to American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST).The change of peritoneal fluid was observed with ultrasonography,and active bleeding and involve adjacent vessels their branches were observed with CEUS.In this way,a method of quickly evaluate the traumatic degree was established,and the correlation between indifferent grade trauma and appropriate interventions that include surgical and conservative treatment was studied.Results 52 patients with 71 lesions,compound injuries accounted for 82.7％ (43/52).Among them,37 lesions were Ⅰ-Ⅲ grade trauma,34 lesions were severe trauma of Ⅳ-Ⅴ grade.The lesions complicated with active bleeding were 76.1％ (54/71).The amount of peritoneal fluid was increased significantly within 30 min (P ＜0.05) in traumatic lesions with rapid bleeding.Among of 50lesions associated with active bleeding,the surgical treatment was 24.0％ (12/50),the conservative treatment was 76.0％ (38/50).Among of trauma lesions involving the two following vessels,Ⅰ-Ⅲ grade was 97.3％ (36/37),Ⅳ-Ⅴ grade was 61.8％ (21/34).Trauma involvement above level 2 focal blood vessels,surgical treatment accounted for 23.1％ (12/52),conservative treatment accounted for 44.2％(23/52).Conclusions The severity of the trauma can not be a comprehensive response by AAST,becauce it is not only related to the scope of the traumatic lesions,vascular level,also involved with the trauma associated with active bleeding,bleeding speed and amount of peritoneal effusion and other factors.

Objective To determine whether hemostatic agents directly injected into injury sites under the guidance of contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)can effectively control hemorrhage from hepatic or splenic trauma. Methods Healthy adult dogs were impacted by a impactor to create hepatic or splenic trauma. Among 32 dogs,28 had hepatic or splenic injury of grade Ⅲ～Ⅳ according to Injury Scale of the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma(AAST),which were divided into two groups,the treatment group and the control. In the treatment group,hemocoagulase and α-cyanoacrylate were injected respectively into the injury site and transected micro-vessel tinder the guidance of CEUS,while in the control group,normal saline was injected. Results All animals of the two groups survived after the injection. CEUS demonstrated that active hemorrhage disappeared in treatment group but still existed in the control group.In the treatment group,laparotomy showed that hepatic or splenic injury had been covered and adhered with clot and glue membrane of hemostatic agents and free intraperitoneal blood volume was significantly less than that in the control group(P=0.000),while in the control group injury bleeding did not stop after injection. Conclusions Hemostatic agents injected under the guidance of CEUS can effectively control hemorrhage from hepatic or splenic trauma of grade Ⅲ～Ⅳ. This therapy was simple,convenient and effective. It may be performed immediately after hepatic or splenic injury was diagnosed.

AIM　To determine whether O-β -D-fructofuranosyl-〔(2→1 )-O-β-D-fructofuransyl〕4α-D-glucopyranoside (inulin-type hexasaccharide, IHS), a monomer extracted from the roots of Morinda of ficinalis How, has antidepressant action. METHODS Fo rced swimming tests in mice and rats and differential-reinforcement-of-low-r ate 72 second schedule (DRL 72 s) in rats were used. RESULTS In the forced swimming test in mice, IHS (80 mg*kg-1, po), like the effe ct of clinically effective antidepressant desipramine (10 mg*kg-1, ip)， produced significant decrease in immobility time. IHS (20 mg*kg-1，po ) also elicited significant decrease in immobility time in forced swimming test in rats, which was comparable to the effect of desipramine (40 mg*kg-1, po). Moreover, in the DRL 72 s in rats, IHS (5～10 mg*kg-1, ip), s imilar to desipramine (5 mg*kg-1, ip), elicited significant increase in reinforcers. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that IHS has antidepressant action and is an effective component extracted from the root s of Morinda officinalis How.

Objective To study feasibility of combined haemostatic percutaneous injection therapy guided by contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) in treatment of renal injuries. Methods Eighteen New Zealand rabbits were inflicted with kidney injury imitating grades Ⅲ-Ⅳ blunt injuries. The animals were randomly and equally divided into three groups, Group A ( treated with hemocoagulase),Group B ( treated with hemocoagulase and Alpha-cyanoacrylate) and Group C ( control group, given normal saline). The hemostatic time, hemostatic effect, and perirenal hematoma were observed. Results A perirenal hematoma was observed one hour after treatment. The perirenal fluid thickness was (0.200 ±0.012) cm in Group A, (0.050 ±0.002) cm in Group B and (0.400 ±0.009) cm in Group C, with statistical significance between two test groups and Group C (P ＜ 0.05 ). At days 7 and 14 following treatment, lesion length and cross section was ( 1. 107 ±0. 143) cm and (0.433 ±0. 163) cm in Group A, (0.567 ±0.082) cm and (0. 160 ±0. 078) cm in Group B, and (0.980 ±0. 203) cm and (0.686 ± 0. 157) cm in Group C. There was statistical significance between the test groups (Groups A and B) and Group C (P＜0. 01) at day 14. The lesion size in Group A was lager than that in Group B (P ＜ 0.01 ). One month after treatment, a slight nephrohydrosis occurred in Group B. Conclusions Either injection of simple hemocoagulase or combined use of hemocoagulase and Alpha-cyanoacrylate guided by CEUS can attain positive hemostatic effect, but the latter one is more rapid and reliable.