Objective To study the microcirculation pattern of expanded skin and its influence on skin blood supply. Methods The microvessel diameter, blood velocity and blood volume were recorded under the microcirculatory imaging system and the microvessel density was measured by enzyme histochemical staining and medical imagine analysis. Results Compared with the control group, all the recorded values rose obviously in every expanded groups ( P

BACKGROUND: In clinic, many orthopaedic diseases are related to abnormal increase of intraosseous pressure, such as, avascular necrosis of femoral head and osteoarthritis and so on. Percutaneous bone puncture and other methods can decrease intraosseous pressure and release clinical symptoms immediately. Analysis on the changes in intraosseous pressure and medullary blood rheology following drilling decompression can further recognize the occurrence and development of intraosseous pressure OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes in intraosseous pressure and medullary blood rheology following drilling decompression in rabbits.DESIGN: A randomized and controlled trial.SETTING: Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Youjing Medical College for Nationalities.MATERIALS: This experiment was carried out at Orthopaedic Department, Affiliated Hospital of Youjing Medical College for Nationalities between March and December 2005. Totally 30 New Zealand purebred white rabbits, of either gender, weighing (2.16±0.35) kg, were provided by Experimental Animals Center of Guangxi Medical University.METHODS: ① Animals grouping and modeling: 30 rabbits were randomly divided into 2 groups: model group and experiment group with 15 in each group. Intraosseous pressure models of the proximal right tibia were created on the rabbits in the two groups and drilling decompression was performed in the proximal tibia of rabbits in the experiment group. ②Measurement of intraosseous pressure of proximal tibia: After rabbits were anesthetized, needle for measuring blood pressure was pricked into the medullary canal at 0.5 cm internal plane up at the tubercle of right tibia.Intraosseous pressure of two groups was measured before and 2 days after decompression with BL-410 biologic functional system. ③ Measurement of medullary blood rheology: Before and 2 days after drilling decompression,medullary blood was extracted and blood rheology was measured with Blood Perfusion Monitor R80 (Vertebral plate type, Version 5.0) in the experiment group.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Value of intraosseous pressure and medullary blood rheology before and after drilling decompression in the proximal right tibia.RESULTS: All the 30 rabbits entered the stage of result analysis. ①Measurement of intraosseous pressure: intraosseous pressure was significantly lower after drilling decompression in the proximal right tibia in the experiment group than in the model group (P ＜ 0.01). It approached normal value of intraosseous pressure of control side [(2.50±0.39) kPa]. Intraosseous pressure in the experiment group was significantly lower after than before drilling decompression (P ＜ 0.01). ② Measurement of medullary blood rheology: Medullary blood viscosity, plasm viscisity, whole blood reduced low-shear viscosity, red cell rigidity index, whole blood high-shear relative viscosity, whole blood low-shear relative viscosity, erythrocyte deformation index and erythrocyte aggregation index at the proximal end of tibia following drilling decompression were significantly lower than those before drilling decompression (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01). Medullary erythrocyte sediment rate and erythrocyte hematocrit did not change significantly (P ＞ 0.05).CONCLUSION: Drilling decompression in proximal right tibia can obviously decrease intraosseous pressure, dilute medullary blood and decrease blood viscosity.

Objective To study the theraputic effect of rebuilt posterior ligamentous complex in the treatment of thoracolumbar fracture.Method From 2003 to 2007,60 patients who had simple thoracolumbar fractures were treated with rebuild of posterior ligamentous complex(group A).At the same time,50 patients with the same condition were treated with ablation of posterior ligamentous complex(group B).Modify Japanese orthopedic association low back pain score(M-JOA)score and Functional Rating scales for Low Back Pain(FRS)score for lumbar function were compared between two groups perioperatively.Results Preoperative M-JOA score for lumbar function of group A was from 19 to 30 score,on average of23.83.M-JOA score of group B was from 17 to 30 score on average of 21.68.There was no significant different between group A and group B(P＞0.05).Postoperative M-JOA score for lumbar function of group A was from 8 to 12 score,on average of 9.05.M-JOA score of group B was from 9 to 14 score.on average of 11.95.There was significant difference between group A and group B(P＜0.01).Preoperative FRS score was 28.85 in group A and 26.56 in group B averagely(P＞0.05)while postoperative FRS score was 68.22(46-84)in group A and 46.87(39-65)in group B(P＜0.05).Conclusion Management with rebuild of posterior ligamentous complex for thoracolumbar fractures contributes to the improvement of the postoperative lumbar function and clinical symptoms.

Objective To investigate the inhibition of Hedyotic diffusa injection on the proliferation of hu-man osteosarcoma cell line MG -63 in vitro.Methods The human osteosarcoma cell line MG -63 was subcultivated aseptically in vitro.Different concentration of Hedyotic diffusa injection (50μL/mL,100μL/mL,200μL/mL,400μL/mL) successively acted on such cell .A total three time points were selected to determine the activity and numbers of cells by MTT assay including 12h,24h and 48h.Results The cellular proliferation inhibition rates of human osteosarcoma cell line MG-63 in drug groups of 50μL/mL concentration holes were (2.87 ±2.22)%,(13.42 ±2.14)% and (30.80 ±3.67)%after 12 h,24 h and 48 h.The rates of 100μL/mL concentration holes were (22.25 ±1.58)%, (43.34 ±2.84)%and (66.46 ±2.64)%,after 12 h,24 h and 48 h.The rates gradually increased and had statis-tical meaning,t12h =12.319,t24h =14.573,t48h =12.319,P<0.05;the cell in drug groups of 200μL/ml and 400μL/ml concentration holes was totally dead , and pathological findings showed that there were circular and floating cells in which nucleoplasmic ratio decreased and small fragments of cells increased .Conclusion Hedyotic diffusa extract has a certain inhibition in vitro on the proliferation of human osteosarcoma cell line MG -63.Moreover,the strength of its inhibition is relevant probably with drug concentration ,which deserves a further research .

Objective To study the method and therapeutic efficacy of the combined iliac screw with pedicle screw system internal fixation and one-stage anterior interbody autograft with iliac crest bone after focal cleaning in lumbosacral tuberculosis. Methods We summarized our 12 cases with lumbosacral tuberculosis treated using iliac screw combined with pedicle screw system internal fixation and one-stage anterior focus elimination plus iliac crest bone grafting during 3 years. Results All the incisions were healed by first intention. All patients can off-bed activity wearing lower back protector two weeks after operation and above eight months after operation,the follow up X-ray film showed all bone-grafts obtained solid fusion. Conclusion It was a safe and reliable method to treat lumbosacral tu-berculosis by using ilisc screw combined with pedicle screw system internal fixation and one-stage anterior focus elimi-nation plus iliac crest bone grafting.

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis clearance, bone graft, internal fixation with or without plate for patients with spinal tuberculosis always lead to C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) changes, which are associated with bone graft union time to certain degree.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the correlation between CRP, ESR and bone graft union time in patients with spinal tuberculosis.METHODS: A total of 60 patients with spinal tuberculosis underwent tuberculose focus clearance, autologous iliac bone grafting, and internal fixation without or with plate, including 38 undergoing fixation and 22 not undergoing fixation. They were divided into mild elevation, moderate elevation, high elevation, and extremely high elevation groups according to CRP and ESR. Correlation between CRP, ESR and bone graft union time was analyzed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) CRP: there were 18 cases of mild elevation, 21 of moderate elevation, 13 of high elevation and 8 of extremely high elevation. There were significant differences in bone union time among groups (P=0.003). Spearman correlation analysis showed a correlation coefficient r=0.420, P=0.001, indicating positive correlation between CPR and bone union time. (2) ESR: there were 16 cases of mild elevation, 20 of moderate elevation, 13 of high elevation and 11 of extremely high elevation. There were significant differences in bone union time among groups (P=0.003). Spearman correlation analysis showed a correlation coefficient r=0.414, P=0.001, indicating positive correlation between ESR and bone union time. (3) Bone union was rapider in fixation group compared with non-fixation group, indicating that immediate, strong fixation can benefit bone union.

BACKGROUND: Clinical practice showed that there are certain correlations between postoperative C-reactive protein levels and bone graft fusion time following focal debridement,autologous iliac bone graft,with or without plate internal fixation,for the treatment of spinal tuberculosis.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the correlation between postoperative C-reactive protein levels and bone graft fusion time of spinal tuberculosis patients.METHODS: A total of 60 cases with spinal tuberculosis were selected from January 2007 to December 2009.All patients were underwent focal debridement,autologous iliac bone graft,with or without plate internal fixation,and confirmed by pathology.The C-reactive protein levels were determined at 1,7 and 14 days after operation,and then,according to average changes of C-reactive protein levels,the cases were assigned into 4 groups: 10-25 mg/L served as the mildly increase group,26-50 mg/L as the moderately increase group,51-100 mg/L as the highly increase group,and greater than 101 mg/L as the extremely increase group.Postoperative C-reactive protein levels were examined at 12,16,and 24 weeks after operation,the bone graft fusion was observed by X-ray or CT examination,in addition,bone block fusion time was recorded.All groups of patients with spinal tuberculosis postoperative C-reactive protein diversity and bone graft fusion time were analyzed by variability and correlation analysis.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There were 18 cases in the mildly increase group,21 cases in the moderately increase group,13 cases in the highly increase group,and 8 cases in the extremely increase group.The bone fusion time showed that: there were8 cases equal to or less than 12 weeks,34 cases equal to or less than 16 weeks,and 18 cases equal to or less than 24 weeks.There were significant differences among 4 groups in bone graft fusion times(X2=13.990,P=0.003).Spearman correlation analysis showed that,there was a positive correlation between postoperative C-reactive protein levels and bone fusion time(r=0.420,P=0.001).

Objective To investigate the frequencies of genotype and allele distribution of IL-12A gene single nucleo?tide polymorphisms (SNP) rs568408 and IL-12B gene SNP rs3212227 in Zhuang populations in Guangxi, and to compare the distribution of IL-12A and IL-12B polymorphisms among different races. Methods The IL-12A SNP rs568408 and IL-12B SNP rs3212227 were detected by SNaPshot SNP genotyping technique in 165 Zhuang people in Guangxi, frequen?cies of genotype and allele of IL-12A gene rs568408 and IL-12B rs3212227 polymorphisms were analyzed in Zhuang popu?lations compared with the other four populations(HapMap-HCB, HapMap-JPT, HapMap-YRI, HapMap-TSI)from Hap?Map database. Results There were polimorphisms of IL-12A and IL-12B gene in Zhuang populations in Guangxi. The fre?quencies of allele and genotype distribution of IL-12A gene rs568408 polymorphisms were not significantly differenct com?pared with HapMap-HCB, HapMap-JPT and HapMap-TSI(P>0.05), but were significantly different compared with Hap?Map-YRI(P<0.01);The frequencies of allele and genotype distribution of IL-12B rs3212227 polymorphisms were not sig?nificantly differenct compared with HapMap-HCB and HapMap-JPT(P>0.05), but were significantly different compared with HapMap-YRI and HapMap-TSI(P<0.01). Conclusion There are significant differences in the frequencies of allele and genotype distribution of IL-12A gene rs568408 and IL-12B gene rs3212227 between Zhuang populations and other eth?nic populations, and this variation might contribute to a variety of clinical manifestation and morbidity of some IL-12 related diseases.

OBJECTIVETo study the change rule of the hemodynamics of expanded skins and research the transplant time of random-pattern flaps that are made of the expanded skin.

METHODS72 ears of 64 rabbits were used as a subject of experiment. Four items of the contrasted skin (n = 8) and expanded skin (n = 8 x 8), Which include the microvessel diameter, the microvessel density, the blood velocity and the blood volume, were observed and measured by the microcirculatory imaging computer analysis system, the enzyme histochemical dyeing and the more functions colored pathological imaging computer analysis system. The length -width proportion and the largest area of the flaps that had made of the expansive skin and survived were measured.

RESULTS(1) The four items of expanded skin, that the microvessel diameter, the microvessel density, the blood velocity and the blood volume are 13.43 +/- 0.98 micrometer, 0.0472 +/- 0.0022, 1012.70 +/- 65.51 micrometer/s, 14.71 +/- 0.74 micrometer(3)/s respectively, are much bigger or quicker than those of contrasted skin [(7.22 +/- 0.71) micrometer, 0.0108 +/- 0.0002, (327.01 +/- 65.51) micrometer/s, (1.46 +/- 0.41) micrometer(3)/s] and there is the significant difference between both (6.49 < t < 49.49, P < 0.01). (2) The blood velocity increases in the expanding phases and always keeps on higher level. The other items all change periodically. Span of the period is four weeks. The microvessel diameter and the blood volume have a peak value at third weekend of every period and in the later period enhance more on the basis of the former period. The microvessel density changes in definite range in every period. (3) The surviving area of the random skin flaps is the largest which were made of the expanded skin in third weekend of every period, it changes more than those of other weekends in same period and later period is superior to the former period. There is a significant difference compared with contrasted random skin flaps (q = 3.7215, P < 0.05; q = 5.5026, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe hemodynamics of the expanded skin changes periodically in expansive course. The time of peak value of the blood volume is the best opportunity that random-pattern skin flaps are made of the expanded skin in every period.

Objective To investigate the genotype and allele frequencies of osteopontin gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) rs11728697and rs9138 in Zhuang populations in Guangxi ,and to compare the distribution of osteopontin polymorphisms a‐mong different races .Methods The osteopontin gene rs11728697 and rs9138 polymorphisms were detected by SNaPshot SNP gen‐otyping technique in 150 Zhuang populations in Guangxi ,the genotype and allele frequencies of osteopontin gene rs 11728697 and rs9138 polymorphisms were analyzed in Zhuang populations compared with the other four populations (HapMap‐CEU ,HapMap‐YRI ,HapMap‐JPT ,HapMap‐HCB) from HapMap database .Results The most common genotype and allele of osteopontin gene rs11728697 polymorphism in Zhuang populations in Guangxi were CC(42 .7% ) and C(62 .7% ) ,and the most common genotype and allele of osteopontin gene rs9138 polymorphism were CA (51 .3% ) and C(63 .0% ) .There were no significant differences in the gen‐otype and allele frequencies of osteopontin gene rs11728697 and rs9138 polymorphisms between male and female groups ( P >0 .05) .The genotype and allele frequencies of osteopontin gene rs11728697 polymorphism were significantly differenct compared with HapMap‐CEU ,HapMap‐JPT and HapMap‐YRI(P< 0 .05) ,but were not significantly different compared with HapMap‐HCB (P> 0 .05) .The genotype and allele frequencies of osteopontin gene rs9138 polymorphism were significantly differenct compared with HapMap‐CEU and HapMap‐YRI(P < 0 .05) ,but had no significantly different compared with HapMap‐JPT and HapMap‐HCB(P> 0 .05) .Conclusion There are significant differences in the genotype and allele frequencies of osteopontin gene rs 11728697 and rs9138 polymorphisms between Zhuang populations and other ethnic populations ,and this variation might contribute for a varie‐ty of clinical manifestation and morbidity of some osteopontin related diseases .