Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY)is a heterogeneous monogenic diabetes, in which MODY1, MODY2, and MODY3 are the most common subtypes. In recent years, new hypoglycemic drugs such as glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA), dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i), sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), and glucokinase activators (GKA)have made good progress in the treatment of diabetes. Based on the latest basic and clinical evidence, the article reviews the pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment progress of new hypoglycemic drugs of the above three types of MODY, aiming to develop safer and more effective new ways for the diagnosis and treatment of MODY.

Objective To investigate the effect of growth inhibition and apoptosis induction of sunitinib-liposome-loaded microbubbles on renal carcinoma cell strain.Methods GRC-1 cell strain was cultured in vitro,and was divided into 6 groups:blank control group,pure microbubbles group,pure lipsomes group,sunitinib group,sunitinib-liposome-loaded microbubbles without ultrasound treat group,sunitinib liposome-loaded microbubbles with ultrasound treat group.Growth inhibition in different groups was observed at different time with MTT assay,apoptosis induction with Sigma-FlTC technology and transmission electron microscope.Results The growth inhibition and apoptosis promotion of GRC-1 cell were significantly increased in sunitinib-liposome-loaded microbubbles with ultrasound treat group compared to the other groups.Conclusions Microbubble guided sunitinih delivery can increase the effect of the growth inhibition and apoptosis induction of GRC-1 cells,which may provide an more effective approach for cancer treatment.

Objective:To observe the clinical therapeutic effect of needling the acupoints of Governor Vessel and Bladder Meridian plus cupping on chronic fatigue syndrome. Methods: Fifty cases of chronic fatigue syndrome were divided into the treatment group(n= 25) and the control group(n=25). The patients in the treatment group were treated by needling Dazhui (GV 14), Zhiyang (GV 9),Xinshu (BL 15), Geshu (BL 17), Mingmen (GV 4), Shenshu (BL 23) and Changqiang (GV 1). Even reinforcing and reducing manipulation was used. Every time after the needles were withdrawn, the glass jar with thick and smooth mouth was selected to go on the back. The patients in the control group were treated by taking Chinese medicinal herbs, Caili composition, orally. Results: After 3durations of treatment, the therapeutic effects of the two groups were 92. 0% and 64. 0%respectively. There was significant difference in the therapeutic effect between the two groups(x2 =7.29,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion: Acupuncture plus cupping is an effective method in treating chronic fatigue syndrome.

Objective To compare the clinical effect of two kinds of internal fixation of locking plate and anatomical plate in the treatment of Pilon fracture.Methods 64 patients with Pilon fracture undergoing elective surgery were randomly divided into study group and control group by digital table method,32 cases in each group.The study group received locking plate internal fixation for the treatment,the control group was treated with anatomical plate internal fixation.The clinical efficacy and safety of two kinds of internal fixation methods were compared.Results After treatment,the excellent rate of ankle joint function in the study group(96.88%)was significantly higher than that in the control group (81.25%),and the difference had statistical ssignificance (χ2 =4.01,P <0.05 ).The operative time,hospitalization time and fracture healing time[(57.32 ±10.98)min,(13.72 ±591 )d,(15.72 ± 2.82)weeks]in the study group were shorter than those in the control group[(68.11 ±11.85 )min,(16.62 ± 5.21)d,(17.81 ±3.42)weeks],and the differences had statistical significance(t =3.98,3.11,321,all P <0.05). The amount of bleeding (153.32 ±21.36)mL in the study group was less than that in the control group [(188.65 ± 26.24)mL](t =5.46,P <0.05).The incidence rate of delayed fracture healing of the study group (3.13%)was significantly lower than that in the control group(28.13%),the difference had statistical significance(χ2 =7.59,P <0.05).There were no significant differences in the incidence of other complications between the two groups(χ2 =1.95,102,102,0.35,all P >0.05).Conclusion Locking plate fixation in the treatment of Pilon fractures could significantly promote the recovery of joint function,and has the advantages of short operation time,fast fracture healing,less complications and other advantages,it is better than anatomical plate internal fixation.

The impairment of islets β cell by autoimmune response is an important cause of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Some monogenic autoimmune syndromes could induce T1DM in difference chance, which are important disease models to deeply understand autoimmunity and T1DM. This article reviews the diagnosis, treatment and genetic detection of eight known single gene autoimmune syndromes associated with T1DM, arming to expand the diagnosis and treatment of T1DM.