Objective To study the clinical features of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD),so as to provide evidence for early diagnosis and treatment.Methods A retrospective analysis was made upon clinical data,diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of 53 patients with IPA and COPD admitted between January 2005 and February 2011 collected in a respiratory unit of the Second Xiangya Hospital Affiliated Central South University.Results There were 53 cases of diagnosed as IPA with COPD,with history of using broad-spectrum antibiotics.And there were 43 cases using steroids more than 2 weeks,51 with obvious breathlessness,and 20 with fever.Early stage didn't present characteristical changes on CT scan.However,after disease progression,32 cases had maculas shadows and nonspecific consolidations in bilateral lung,14 with solitary or multiple nodules,4 with solitary or multiple air crescent sign,and 2 with halo sign.Four patients of COPD with IPA underwent bronchoscopy examination.In fungi pathogeny,sputum positive rate and galactomannan positive rate were 56.6％ and 52.8％,respectively.A total of 53 cases received antifungal treatment.Among 37 cases which underwent mechanical ventilation,24 received noninvasive ventilation and 13 received invasive ventilation.There were 33 cases which were improved and cured,and 20 cases which had no relief after half-a-month treatment or withdrew treatment.Among them,13 cases died because of multiple-organ failure (5/15) or acute renal failure (8/15).Conclusions Early suspected diagnosis,timely examination in allusion to IPA,actively searching for etiological and imaging evidences,early established diagnosis and antifungal treatment would improve prognosis of patients with COPD combined IPA who have history of high doses of cortieosteroids,obvious breathlessness and non-response to antibiotics.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Leukopenia ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

The embryo development technique in Zebrafish, Brachydanio rerio, is a toxicity testing method making use of the high sensitivity of fish embryo development in early stage to study and evaluate the specific effecting mechanism, the most sensitive effecting time, embryo toxicity and teratogenicity of chemicals through observing the development process of zebrafish embryo after chemical exposure to fertilized ova. This technique has been widely used to test toxicity of chemicals with the advantages of low cost, high sensitivity, simple to operate and simultaneous to detect multi-endpoints. The main methodology, technical characteristics and the status of world-wide application of this technique are reviewed in this paper. Based on the urgent environmental problems in China, the prospects to use this method for monitoring toxicity of mixed pollutants in wastewater are put forward.

OBJECTIVE:To prepare the inclusion complex capsules of actarit-HP-?-CD and investigate their dissolution rate.METHODS:The inclusion complex was prepared by the stirring method with its dissolution rate investigated.The inclusion complex capsules were prepared with fillers consisted of starch,microcrystalline cellulose,lactose and calcium sulphate.The dissolution rate of the capsules was investigated by basket-stirring method and compared with those of the pure material and the physical mixture.RESULTS:Compared with pure material and physical mixture,the inclusion complex had significant lower value of Td(P

Acupuncture Therapy ; history ; methods ; China ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; Medicine in Literature

Objective To study the immobilization effect and keep the accurate treating position of Body-Fix (R) device in the patients with vertebral metastatic tumor treated by hypofractionated intensitymodulated radiotherapy.Methods From October 2008 to February 2010,six nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients with 10 treated lesion with vertebral metastasis who were treated by hypofractionated intensitymodulated radiotherapy and immobilized by the Body-Fix (R) device were enrolled in this study.Three sets cone beam CT images were taken and recorded when patient was underway the initial setup,position correction and after radiation delivery.Comparing these images with the planning CT images to get the setup errors and the intrafractional position shifting,and the immobilization effect of Body-Fix (R) device was analyzed.Results In the upper,middle and lower sections of the vertebrae,the intrafractional setup errors in the left-right direction were (-0.6±0.5) mm,(-0.1 ±1.0) mm,(0.0±0.4) mm,with in the superior-inferior direction (1.0 ± 1.4) mm,(4.8 ± 5.7) mm,(0.0 ± 0.3) mm and in the anterior-posterior direction (1.2 ± 5.2) mm,(-0.3 ± 0.3) mm,(0.0 ± 0.5) mm,respectively.Conclusions With Body-Fix (R) device,the intrafractional setup errors can be minimized within 2 mm which make the accurate spinal radiosurgery technique possible.

Objective To investigate MRI signal features and MRI appearances of patients with advanced stage in polyacrylamide hydrophilic gel injection for facial plasty.Methods In this study,MRI of 11 cases with 23 polyacrylamide hydrophilic gel injection of facial plasty for 6 to 10 years were retrospectively reviewed.All images were acquired with GE 3.0T MR imaging unit.MR sequences,including FSE T1WI,FSE FS T2WI,and STIR were applied with 8-channel brain coil.MRIs sliced through the maxillofacial region in the transverse,coronal and sagittal planes.Results In 11 cases of 23 polyacrylamide hydrophilic gel injection,there were different degrees of capsule rupture and induration in 6 polyacrylamide hydrophilic gel injection,and the images showed sporadic callosities such as subcutaneous nodules and nodules in glands or muscles ; hydrogel migration in 8 polyacrylamide hydrophilic gel injection.Secondary deformity occured in 80 ％ cases,in which the most cases were induced by hydrogel migration.Conclusions Magnetic resonance imaging can make clear of the type of rupture and the distribution leakage of polyacrylamide hydrophilic gel for facial plasty and it is an ideal approach for advanced patients with polyacrylamide hydrophilic gel injection for follow-up.

Objective To establish the mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells expressing FasL protein and explore the mechanism of inducing allogeneic mouse spleen T lymphocyte apoptosis. MethodsMouse myeloid DCs were cultured in selective medium zontaining essential cytokines for DC growth in vitro. The mouse DCs were transfected with liposome-mediated FasL gene. The levels of FasL mRNA before and after transfection were assayed by real-time quantitative PCR. The expression levels of FasL protein were assayed by flow cytometry(FCM)and Western blot. Non-transfected DC，empty plasmid transfected DC and FasL transfected DC were infused intravenouslY into allogeneic mouse. After 7 days, the apoptosis in spleen T lymphocytes was evaluated by TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end-labeling)method and FCM. ResultsCultured in vitro, the mature myeloid DCs from mouse could be obtained.The expressions of FasL mRNA and protein in FasL transfected DCs were significantly higher. Through the detection of spleen T lymphocyte apoptosis with TUNEL，the apoptosis index(AI)was higher in FasL transfected DC(11.67±1.53)，compared with non-transfected DC(2.67±0.58)and empty plasmid transfected DC(3.33±0.58)，P＜0.01. ConclusionA large quantity of myeloid DCs can be obtained through in vitro culture in selective medium. The liposome-mediated FasL gene transfected DCs could successfully express high levels of FasL protein. Intravenous infusion of FasL gene transfected DCs could induce apoptosis of allogeneic mouse spleen T lymphocytes.

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effects of histidine grafted poly (β-amino es-ter) ( HGPAEs) vector-based RNA interference ( RNAi) on the expression of gene encoding myeloid differ-entiation factor 88 (MyD88) in rat liver tissues.Methods The sequence of small hairpin RNA (shRNA) was designed based on the genetic information of MyD 88.HGPAEs vector was constructed and coupled with shRNA plasmid targeting MyD88 to construct pMyD88-HGPAEs vector.Rats were divided into five groups including control group , HGPAEs treatment group , pHK-HGPAEs treatment group , shRNA treatment group and pMyD88-HGPAEs treatment group .The rats in each group were transfected with the corresponding inter-ventions through portal vein injection .Real-time PCR and Western blot assay were performed to detect the expression of MyD88 in liver tissues 3 days after transfection .Results The pMyD88-HGPAEs vector was successfully constructed .The expression of gene encoding MyD 88 was inhibited in rats from shRNA treat-ment group and pMyD88-HGPAEs treatment group (P<0.05).Significantly decreased expression of gene encoding MyD88 at mRNA and protein levels were observed in rats from pMyD 88-HGPAEs treatment group as compared with those from other groups (P<0.01).Conclusion HGPAEs vector might be used as a po-tential gene carrier .The expression of gene encoding MyD 88 in rat liver tissues could be significantly inhibi-ted through portal vein injection of pMyD 88-HGPAEs vector .This study provided evidences for further re-search on pMyD88-HGPAEs vector in a high responder model of rat orthotopic liver transplantation .

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effects of cationic polymeric liposomes (CPLs) vector-based RNA interference (RNAi) technology on the expression of rat MHCⅡ transactivator ( CⅡTA) and MHCⅡgenes .Methods According to the genetic information of CⅡTA downloaded from GenBank, three short hairpin RNA (shRNA) sequences targeting CⅡTA sequences were designed .CPLs vectors were constructed and coupled to shRNA plasmid vectors to form pCⅡTA-CPLs vectors .Six groups including control group , CPLs control group , pHK-CⅡTA control group and three pCⅡTA-CPLs groups were set up.Rat dendritic cells (DCs) were transfected in vitro.Real time PCR and flow cytometry analysis were used to detect the expression of CⅡTA and MHCⅡat mRNA and protein levels in DCs after transfec-tion.Results The pCⅡTA-CPLs vectors were successfully constructed .Compared with control groups ,the transcription level of CⅡTA and MHCⅡand the expression of MHCⅡat protein level were significantly in-hibited in all pCⅡ TA-CPLs groups ( P<0 .01 ) .The strongest inhibitory effects of pCⅡTA-CPLs on the ex-pression of CⅡTA and MHCⅡgenes were observed in the second pCⅡTA-CPLs group.There was a positive correlation between the expression of CⅡTA and MHCⅡ.Conclusion CPLs vectors were effective gene carriers.The constructed pCⅡTA-CPLs vectors significantly inhibited the in vitro expression of rat CⅡTA and MHCⅡ, which provided evidences for further investigation on pCPLs-CⅡTA vectors in vivo.