A total of 130 anvolatory infertile outpatients were divided randomly into 4 groups of LE1 (letrozole 2.5 mg,n =45),LE2 (letrozole 5 mg,n =30),CC1 (clomiphene citrate 50 mg,n =35) and CC2 (clomiphene citrate 100 mg,n =20).The treatments started at day 5 of menstruation and lasted for 5 days.The size and number of ovarian follicles and thickness of endometrium of all 4 groups were measured starting from day 10 of menstruation.8 000-10 000 units of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) was injected when ovary follicles were mature.And blood estradiol (E2) was measured at the same day.Ovulation,pregnancy and adverse reaction were also monitored.The pregnancy rate was 33％ (n =15) in group LE1 and 14％ (n =5) in group CC1 with significant statistical difference (x2 =4.00,P ＜ 0.05).And there were 43 successful ovulation periods in 55 periods with an ovulation rate of 78％ in group LE1;28 successful ovulation periods in 52 periods with an ovulation rate of 54％ in group CC with significant statistical difference (X2 =4.60,P ＜0.05).E2 level (pmol/L) in the day of hCG injection in group LE1 was (774.2 ± 126.0) pmol/L and in group CC1 (963.7 ± 108.3) pmol/L,t =3.98 with significant difference (P ＜ 0.01).The number of follicle in group LE1 was 1.20 ± 0.38;CC1 2.28 ± 0.88,t =4.76 with significant difference (P ＜0.01).The thickness of endometrium in the day of hCG in LE1 was (9.6 ± 1.3) mm;CC1 (5.9 ± 1.1) mm,t =6.20 with significant difference (P ＜ 0.01).No significant statistical differences existed between LE1 and LE2,CC1 and CC2 in pregnancy rate,successful ovulation,number of mature follicles,E2 level and thickness of endometrium at the day of hCG injection.The outcomes of 36 pregnancies were 32 full-term deliveries with neonatal health,2 early abortions and 2 prematures.Mild ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) had a low occurrence rate.

AIM: To explore the possible role of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) in the effect of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 and its novel analogues on a human osteosarcoma cell line (HOS-8603) proliferation. METHODS: Detecting the VDR mRNA and protein expression in HOS-8603 cells by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemical analysis, respectively. Using the method of transient transfection of a reporter gene (DR3-tk-CAT) for VDR to detect its function. The cell VDRas3 which stably expressed VDR antisense mRNA was used to observe the effect of 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 on the proliferation of HOS-8603 cells and the induction of p21 mRNA, one of the VDR target genes, when the VDR in the cells was blocked. RESULTS: HOS-8603 cells expressed the vitamin D receptor which functioned as a hormone-dependent transcriptional factor. When VDR in the HOS-8603 cells decreased, the cells lost the responsiveness to 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 irrespective of either the induction of p21 gene expression or the cell proliferation. CONCLUSION: The effect of 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 on the proliferation of the human osteosarcoma cell line HOS-8603 was mediated by its nuclear receptor VDR.

AIM: To clarify the effects of glucocorticoids on the messenger RNA expression of glucocorticoid receptor (GR? and GR?). METHODS: messenger RNA of GR ? and GR? were determined by quantitive RT-PCR. RESULTS: Besides GR? mRNA, GR? mRNA is also expressed in human osteosarcoma cell line HOS-8603, human ovarian carcinoma cell line 3AO and human peripheral white blood cells. After administration of dexamethasone, both GR? mRNA and GR? mRNA were down-regulated in a time-dependent and dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION: GR? expresses in various kinds of human tissue cells. The expression of GR? is regulated by glucocorticoids.

Alternative splicing of the human glucocorticoid receptor (hGR) primary transcript produces two receptor isoforms, termed hGRα and hGRβ. hGRα is a ligand-activated transcription factor which, in the hormone-bound state, modulates the expression of glucocorticoid-responsive genes by binding to specific glucocorticoid response element (GRE) DNA sequences. In contrast, hGRβ dose not bind glucocorticoids and is transcriptionally inactive. We demonstrate here that hGRβ inhibits the hormone-induced, hGRα-mediated stimulations of gene expression, including glucocorticoid-responsive reporter gene (cat) and endogenous p21 gene. We also demonstrate that hGRβ can inhibit hGRα-mediated regulation of proliferation and differentiation of a human osteosarcoma cell line (HOS-8603). Our studies on the expression of hGR mRNA in nephrotic syndrome patients indicate that the hGRα/hGRβ mRNA ratio in peripheral white blood cell of hormone-resistant patients is lower than that of hormone-sensitive patients and health volunteers. These results indicate that hGRβ may be a physiologically and pathophysiologically relevant endogenous inhibitor of hGRα

Plastic and Aesthetic surgery is a science which creates beauty by combining know-ledge and art. Combined with the professional characteristics of plastic surgery, we reformed the cur-riculum content and teaching mode of continuous education, including a established interactive theoret-ical learning model based on Journal club, the strengthening of clinical practice integrated with multiple related disciplines, the expanding the knowledge of Sociology, Psychology and Ethics, and the construc-tion of a long-term platform of network resources. Therefore, a comprehensive and specialized continu-ous education model in the department of plastic and aesthetic surgery was ultimately formed, whose preliminary assessment was favorable, and could be helpful in the cultivation of high-quality plastic and aesthetic surgeons in the future.

AIM: To investigate the effect of glucocorticoid receptor beta(GR?) on the transcriptional activation function of glucocorticoid receptor alpha(GR?) and elucidate the biological significance of glucocorticoid receptor beta. METHODS: GR? (pRSH-GR?) and GR? responsive reporter gene cat (pMMTV-cat) were cotransfected into human osteosarcoma cell line (HOS-8603). Transient transfectants were treated with dexamethasone and the activity of cat was determined by the method of ELISA. The expression p21 messenger RNA was detected by the method of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: GR? repressed the expression of reporter gene-cat in a dose-dependent manner. The expression of messenger RNA of p21, an endogenous target gene of GR?, was also inhibited by GR?. CONCLUSION: GR? can inhibit the transcriptional activation function of GR?. GR? may be an endogenous inhibitor of GR?.

AIM: To explore the possible role of p21 wafl gene in the effect of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 on a human osteosarcoma cell line (HOS-8603) proliferation and differentiation. METHODS: The effect of 1,25(OH) 2D 3 on the expression of p21 wafl mRNA was determined by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The human osteosarcoma cell line stably expressing the p21 wafl mRNA, which named HOS-p21 wafl , was constructed by lipofectamine transfection, and the expression of p21 wafl protein was detected by Western blot. Then the growth curve of the HOS-p21 wafl cells and the expression of alkaline phosphatase (AKP) in the HOS-p21 wafl cells were investigated. RESULTS: The expression of endogenous p21 wafl mRNA in HOS-8603 cells was induced by 1,25(OH) 2D 3 in a time-dependent manner, reaching the maximum at 4 h, and remaining the inducible action for up to 24 h over basal levels. The HOS-p21 wafl cells grew much slower than the control cells, only reaching 50% of the control ones when cultured for up to 6 days. Histochemical analysis showed that the expression of alkaline phosphatase (AKP) in the HOS-p21 wafl cells increased remarkably.CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the p21 wafl mRNA expression induced by 1,25(OH) 2D 3 is one of important mechanisms responsible for the cellular effects of the hormone on HOS-8603 cells.

Objective To discuss the diagnostic value of DSA for massive hemorrhage in lower gastrointestinal tract resulting from tumour. Methods 24 patients with massive lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage were performed DSA and then operated as tumour. Results Among 24 patients, 17 cases demonstrated direct signs of hemorrhage, 9 cases visible turnout vessels; 24 patients all showed clumping tumour-specifie dyeing. Conclusion DSA is of great value to determining the location and qualitation of the massive lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage resuhing from tumours.

Objective:To explore the value of bedside chest radiograph in the diagnosis and follow-up of severe and critical COVID-19.Methods:Twenty-nine patients with severe or critical COVID-19 were collected from January 23 to February 23, 2020，from four COVID-19 designated hospitals in Guangdong Province. Bedside radiography was taken in all the 29 patients, ranged from 1 to 16 times for each patient. Twenty-seven patients underwent follow-up, and the number of re-examination ranged 1 to 15 times, and the interval of review is 1 to 8 days.The imaging findings of bedside chest radiography and the imaging changes on follow-up chest radiography were analyzed retrospectively.Results:Twenty-nine patients were collected. The radiography showed the lesions involved all more than 3 lung fields. The films showed consolidation shadow in 19 cases, multiple patches of shadow in 23 cases, reticular pattern in 12 cases, strips shadow in 14 cases, interlobar fissure thickening in 18 cases, and "white lung" in 4 cases.The complications included pleural effusion in 4 cases, pneumothorax in 2 cases, mediastinal and subcutaneous emphysema in 1 case. The radiography showed the lesions progressed in 15 cases, with expanded involvement of the lung.The increase of lesion density was found in 6 cases, new lesions were noted in 5 cases, while both of them were found in 4 cases. Nine cases showed improvement, with reduced range and decreased density. Patchy or consolidation shadow turned to strips shadow or articular pattern shadow in 8 cases.There was no significant change in 3 cases with large consolidation shadow.Conclusions:Bedside chest radiography has a good value in the follow-up of severely and critically ill patients with COVID-19, and can provide great help for clinicians to evaluate their condition.