Objective To prepare the recombinant epitopes of HSV-gB and HSV-gD protein and provides a new antigen protein for the development of herpes simplex virus(HSV)vaccine.Methods The epitopes of HSV-gB and HSV-gD protein were analyzed by epitope prediction software.A novel gene named X which encoded 9 predicted epitopes of HSV-Gb and HSV-gD protein was designed and synthesized using chemical method.X gene was cloned into vector PET-28a(+),expressed in Escherichia cob' BL21(DE3),and analyzed by Western blot.Results X gene was successfully designed and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3).Western blot analysis showed that recombinant X protein,which was with His marker,can be detected by anti-His antibody.Conclusion In this study we establish a newmethod to express recombinant epitope protein,which may be a new protein for developing vaccine against HSV infection.

Objective: To determine the factors affecting the antimicrobial effect of VCM on MRSA.
Study Design: Case series study.
Methods: This study was conducted on pneumonia patients admitted to a university-affiliated hospital between January 2000 and December 2008 and had MRSA in their sputum culture.  From seven days prior to the starting VCM administration through the end of the administration, detailed information such as underlying diseases, VCM serum concentration and quantity of MRSA were recorded.  Logistic regression analysis was carried out on current diseases, trough concentration, surgery experience, and the detection of Gram-negative bacteria to verify the antimicrobial effect of VCM.
Results: The number of subjects investigated this study was 55 subjects.  Multiple logistic regression analysis did not yield any significant factors when carried out using the factors affecting the antimicrobial effect of VCM on MRSA as independent variables.
Conclusions: Multivariable analysis yielded no factors as being significant in affecting the antimicrobial effect of VCM, but did indicate in that patients aged 70 and older, the antimicrobial effect of VCM was poor for MRSA.  This suggests that when pharmacists intervene in antimicrobial treatment for improved effects, it is important to consider not only the serum concentration of VCM, but also the background of the patient.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of automated medication management system in increasing clinical anesthesia management specification.Methods Sixty registered anesthesiologists of both sexes in our hospital,residents or attending physicians,with 1-10 yr of work experience,were divided into 2 groups (n =30 each) using a random number table:traditional medication management mode group (group T) and automated medication management system group (group A).In the clinical anesthesia work,traditional artificial management mode was used in group T,the mode of automated medication management system was used in group A,and 2 licensed pharmacists worked in the center pharmacy of our hospital were introduced for each group.Time of taking medicine was recorded by licensed pharmacists,and the error rates of taking medicine and recording were determined by licensed pharmacists.Results Compared with group T,the error rates of taking medicine and recording were significantly decreased (P＜0.01),and no significant change was found in the time of taking medicine in group A (P＞0.05).Medication errors including taking wrong anesthesia drug,wrong prescription recording,wrong names of the common drugs and drug omission were not detected in group A.Conclusion Application of automated medication management system can reduce the occurrence of errors made in taking medicine and recording,specify medication management and increase the quality of clinical anesthesia management.

Objective To compare the clinical effects and adverse effects of microwave ablation (MWA) with sorafenib and sorafenib monotherapy in the treatment of advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods Medical records and follow-up information of 57 patients with advanced-stage HCC were retrospectively reviewed.25 patients were treated with MWA combined with sorafenib (combined group),and 32 patients were treated with sorafenib monotherapy (monotherapy group).The end points were therapeutic effect,progression-free survival (PFS),overall survival (OS) and adverse reactions.Results The objective response rate in the combined group was similar to the monotherapy group (16.0％ vs.3.1％,x2 =1.521,P =0.217).The disease control rate in the combined group was significantly higher than that in the monotherapy group (80.0％ vs.50.0％,χ2 =5.429,P =0.020).The median PFS in the combined group was longer than that in the monotherapy group (6.0 months vs.3.2 months,x2 =7.675,P =0.006),but the median OS was similar (11.5 months vs.8.5 months,x2 =2.480,P =0.115).The serious adverse reactions were similar between the two treatment groups (44.0％ vs.34.4％,x2 =0.549,P =0.459).Conclusion MWA plus sorafenib is superior to sorafenib alone with respect to PFS in patients with advanced-stage HCC,although it may not improve OS,with no increased risk of serious adverse reactions.

AIM To observe the changes of plasma neuropeptide Y (NPY) levels in patients with essential hypertension(EH) taking Compound Qishao Jiangya Tablets (Radixet Rhizoma Notoginseng, Radix Paeoniae Alba, Rhizoma Gastrodiae, etc) and to investigate the significance of NPY in the pathogenesis of hypertension and the relationship between NPY and platelet disnormal function. METHODS The plasma NPY concentrations of 60 patients with EH and 20 normal ones were determined by radioimmunoassay, at the same time detected platelet aggregation rate and fibrinogen were detected. RESULTS The levels of plasma NPY in patients with EH were higher than that in normal control group. The NPY levels, the platelet aggregation rate, fibrinogen in the three periods of hypertension (period Ⅰ,Ⅱ, Ⅲ) were all significantly different and were increased with the severity of hypertension. CONCLUSION NPY may participate in the pathophysiological course of hypertension, and the plasma NPY, the platelet aggregation rate of the patients with EH were correlative. The plasma NPY should be dynamscally monitored in order to determine the disease degree. During the treatment for EH attention should be taken to decrease the platelet aggregation rate.

Objective To understand the distribution and fluctuation tendency of infected Oncomelania snails in marshland areas of Jiangsu Province in order to provide the scientific basis for acute schistosomiasis control. Methods In each county(city, district) 5-10 marshland areas with snails were sampled randomly, and of which 5-10 sites were selected. Fifty to one hundred snails were collected in each site and dissected by professionals to determine the natural infection rate. At the same time, the mollusiciding actions were carried out in the schistosome-positive snail sites and beaches. Results In 5 years, a total of 467 beaches have been checked and 102 positive beaches were find out and the snails detected. The positive rate of beaches was 21.84%(102/467). A total of 169200 snails were dissected , and of which 433 were positive snails. The natural infection rate was 0.2559%(433/169200). The infested areas and the number of positive snails in 2002 were 2.71 and 18.33 times of those in 1998 in Jiangsu Province. Conclusion In the continuous 5 years observation, the tendency of the population of positive snails and the infested areas were significantly growing, and there is a apotential threat for the acute infections. So, the keys of the following work should be controlling snails seriously in the marshlands and the rivers in connection with the Yangtze River, increasing the mollusiciding cover rate and improving the quality in the positive beaches, and surveying and treating the cattle time by time.

Objective:To evaluate the long-term results of combined ganglion plexus ablation(GPA) during radiofrequency ablation(RF) with long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation(LSP-AF).Methods:This retrospective study sample consisted of 268 patients with LSP-AF underwent valve operations concomitant RF maze Ⅳ procedure. Data were collected prospectively on perioperative outcomes, rhythm status, survival, and clinical events. Propensity score matching conducted by RF and RF+ GPA resulted in 102 patients per group.Results:Independent predictors for rhythm success at 1 year were combined GPA( OR=0.205, P=0.005), smaller left atrium size( OR=1.091, P=0.000); at 5-year and 8-year were a shorter history of AF( OR=1.069, P=0.023; OR=1.066, P=0.030), and smaller left atrium size( OR=1.091, P=0.000; OR=1.086, P=0.000). After matching, RF+ GPA group had significantly higher sinus rhythm(SR) without antiarrhythmic drugs(AADs) at 6 months(91.3% vs. 79.8%, P=0.026), 1-year(90.2% vs. 78.5%, P=0.028), but there were no difference between the two groups at 5-year(64.8% vs. 64.4%, P=0.956), and 8-year(53.3% vs. 50.6%, P=0.711). During the 6 postoperative months, fewer patients in the RF+ GPA group underwent follow-up cardioversions(2.0% vs. 8.8%, P=0.030). Actuarial survival curves did not differ significantly between the 2 groups( HR=1.327, 95% CI 0.4633-3.802, P=0.598). Conclusion:The combination of GPA can be effective at the early postoperative stage for SR restoration in Maze Ⅳ procedures for the treatment of LSP-AF in heart valve surgeries, particularly for lower AADs use and lower cardioversions. However, this effect will gradually diminish after one year.

ObjectiveTo explore the efficacy and toxicity of nimotuzumab plus chemotherapy in the treatment of metastatic gastrointestinal tumor.MethodsObservationgroup 22 patients with metastatic gastrointestinal tumor with confirmed diagnosis,were treated with nimotuzumab in combination chemotherapy.Nimotuzumab was given 200 mg weekly for at least six weeks. Control group 21 patients with metastatic gastrointestinal tumor with confirmed diagnosis were treated with only chemotherapy.ResultsThe effects of observation group could be observed in 22 patients, the rate of response(RR)was 31.8％ (7/22), and the disease control rate (DCR) was 72.7 ％ (16/22).QOL was improved.The effects of observation group could be observed in 21 patients,RR was 14.3 ％ (3/21),and the disease control rate was 42.8 ％ (19/21).DCR and QOL improvements were statistically significant different between the two groups.(x2=3.939,x2=4.250,P＜0.05).The two groups had no significant difference in RR and toxicity.ConclusionNimotuzumab in combination with chemotherapy is effective and can improve the disease control rate, toxicity, tolerance,quality of life.

Objective To understand the variation in response of Oncomelania hupensis to niclosamide. Methods Snails were collected from 37 sampling areas distributed in 10 provinces (municipalities) using random environmental sampling methods in accordance with the different types and categories of snail habitats. In laboratory the snails were immersed in solutions of niclosamide for 24 and 48 hours at 25℃. Results 1.0 mg/L niclosamide showed 100% killing effect on snails in 24 hours. The LC 50 concentrations for snails immersed for 24 hours ranged from 0.0320 to 0.1689 mg/L with a mean value of 0.0920 mg/L. 0.5 mg/L niclosamide showed 100% killing effect on snails in 48 hours. The LC 50 values for snails immersed for 48 hours ranged between 0.0299 and 0.1114 mg/L with a mean of 0.0627 mg/L. There is a significant difference in snail sensitivity to niclosamide between sampling areas. Conclusion The sensitivity to niclosamide varied in snails from different sampling fields, but the chemical in a concentration of 1.0 mg/L showed 100% effect of killing snails, which is consistent to the manual of schistosomiasis control.

ObjectiveTo investigate the influence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) co-infection and other factors on the HIV replication level in antiretroviral treatment na(i)ve patients.MethodsSix hundred TB patients and 465 HIV infectors were recruited between April 2010 and September 2010.TB coinfections were diagnosed in HIV infected cases with chest X-ray,checking TB in sputum with anti-acid staining and culture of the sputum,histopatholo diagnosis and clinical diagnosis.HIV infections were screened in TB patients with the 3rd generation ELISA antibody test.Sixty-one antiretroviral treatment na(i)ve HIV/TB co-infectors and 34 HIV infectors with CD4 T cell count below 350 cells/μl were included in this study.Information about the demography,epidemiology and results of clinical diagnostic tests of HIV and TB was collected through pathography and questionnaires from all participants.HIV viral load were detected with COBAS AmpliPrep/COBAS TaqMan(R) System of Roche Company.ResultsThe viral load of HIV/TB co-infectors was (5.05±0.93) lg copies/ml,while the viral load of HIV infectors was (5.06±0.76) lg copies/ml,after control of age,race,marital status,education,route of HIV infection,HIV clade and CD4 T cell count,there was no significant difference between the two groups (P=0.94).CRF01_AE HIV-1 infection was associated with higher HIV viral load compared with non CRF01_AE (OR=8.07,95％ CI 1.07-61.20,P=0.04).ConclusionNo obvious effect of MTB co-infection on HIV replication level of HIV infected cases with relatively low CD4 T cell count in Guangxi region,while the CRF01_AE HIV infected individuals showed higher viral load,we should raise concern on the monitoring and treatment on this population.