Objective To explore the effect of Latexin (Lxn) gene transfection on proliferation of CD13;MIAPaca-2 pancreatic cancer stem-like cells.Methods CD133+ MIAPaca-2 cells were isolated and sorted by magnetic activated cell sorting from pancreatic cancer MIAPaca-2 celt line.CD133+ MIAPaca-2 cells were cultured in serum-free medium and the capacity for proliferation,and tumorigenicity of CD133+ MIAPaca-2 cells was determined by the floating spheres test and tumor xenograft assays.The CD133+ MIAPaca-2 cells were transfected with Lxn plasmid (1,3,5 μg).After transfection,the protein and mRNA expression of Lxn in CD133+ and CD133+-MIAPaca-2 cells were detected by Western blotting and RT-PCR,respectively.Cell proliferation was assayed by CCK-8.Results CD133+ MIAPaca-2 cells were successfully isolated,and it grew into a ball-suspended way,the tumorigenicity rate in nude mice with subcutaneous injection 1 × 105 cancer cells was 100％.After Lxn plasmid transfection,the expression of Lxn in CD133+ MIAPaca-2 cells was increased in a dose dependent manner,the Lxn protein and mRNA expression of tumor cells transfected with 5 μg plasmid was 20.80 ±0.98,16.80± 2.73,which was significantly higher than that in non-transfected cells (1.02 ± 0.01,1.01 ± 0.01),and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).After transfection,cellular proliferation activity also showed a transfection dose and culture time-dependent decrease,the inhibition rate of tumor cells transfected with 0.4 μg plasmid was 36.2％,which was significantly different from that in non-transfected cells (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions CD133+ MIAPaca-2 pancreatic cancer cells have some characteristics of cancer stem cells.Lxn gene transfection can inhibit the proliferation of CD133+ MIAPaca-2 cells.

Objective: To compare efficacies and complications of total hip arthroplasty ( THA ) with subtrochanteric osteotomy for treating patients with Hartofilakidis types C1 and C2 developmental dyspla-sia of the hip ( DDH) .Methods:Retrospective analysis was performed in 32 patients with DDH who un-derwent THA.These patients were divided into two groups according to Hartofilakidis classification, 17 patients in type C1 and 15 in type C2.Their HSS and WOMAC scores, leg length discrepancy (LLD), hip joint image data and complications were evaluated.Results:HSS scores in type C1 was changed from preoperative 43.7 ±4.6 to postoperative 87.2 ±7.1 (P<0.001), together with WOMAC scores 43.6 ± 4.3 to 87.5 ±6.7 (P<0.001).HSS scores in type C2 was changed from preoperative 44.4 ±5.4 to postoperative 86.5 ±8.0 (P<0.001), together with WOMAC scores 44.1 ±4.1 to 86.7 ±8.1 (P<0.001).Four cases in type C2 and one case in type C1 presented intraoperative fracture which all healed during the postoperative follow-up.The postoperative X-ray films showed that the joint prosthesis location was satisfactory, the surrounding bone was not dissolved and the bone at femur osteotomy site healed with no infection.Conclusion:For unilateral high dislocation DDH patients, THA with femur osteotomy can be effective and safe.No significant differences were found between types C1 and C2, however intraoper-ative fracture in type C2 should be paid attention to.

Objective To study the correlation of expression of DNA topoisomerase Ⅱ alpha (TOP2A)with expressions of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)and gene mutation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)in breast cancer so as to provide reference for prognosis of the cancer and evaluation of drug efficiency.Methods This study enrolled totally 96 breast cancer patients. Tumor specimens were resected.The gene expressions of TOP2A,HER2 and PTEN were analyzed using branched DNA-liquid-chip,and PI3K gene mutation was detected by xTAG-liquid-chip.Correlations between gene expressions and gene mutation were further explored by Spearman correlation analysis so as to clarify the relationship between TOP2A and HER2 signaling pathway gene.Results Co-expression of TOP2A and HER2 was strong,and TOP2A tended to be highly expressed in the presence of high expression of HER2 (P =0.01).The expression of PTEN was not significantly correlated with the expression of TOP2A,whereas the mutation of PI3K had a positive association with the high expression of TOP2A (P =0.004).Conclusion Anthracycline drug resistance factor TOP2A may be related to the critical factors of HER2 signaling pathway,suggesting that HER2 expression and PI3K mutation may be key factors in regulation of TOP2A expression,which would provide important evidence for chemotherapeutic resistance.

Objective To analyse CT signs of lumbar spinal degenerative diseases.Methods CT findings of lumbar spine in 1180 cases with degenerative disease lumbocrural pain were analysed.CT classification of degenerative disease of lumbar spine was carried out according to the lumbar structures in combination with clinical sign.Results Lumbar spinal degenerative disease could be classified into 6 types:intervertebral disc degeneration(degenerative rate 65.3%);lumbar vertebra degeneration(degenerative rate 48.1%);vertebra facet joint degeneration(degenerative rate 36.0%);ligment degeneration(degenerative rate 25.4%) ;degenerative stenosis of lumbar spinal canal(degenerative rate 44.0%);and degenerative lumbar spine unstability(degenerative rate 25.0%).The former 4 types were belonged to primary degeneration of lumbar spine,the latter 2 types were belonged to secondary degeneration of lumbar spine.Conclusion CT classification of lumbar spinal degenerative disease is helpful to clinic in diagnosis and therapy.

Objective To study the Value of low dose CT scanning with gas-contrasted and low window level in diagnosing gastro-colon lesions.Methods 126 cases suspected with gastro-colon lesions were randomly devided into two groups,group A(69 cases) were scanned with conventional water-contrast or non-contrast and conventional expose dose,and with conventional window level,group B(57 cases) were scanned with gas-contrasted and low expose dose,and using low window level.The images were evaluated by 2 experienced radiologists,the results including doctor's self-confidence and diagnostic accurate rate in both group A and group B were compared based on the endoscopic results.Results The diagnostic self-confidence of radiologists and the accurate rate in evaluating the lesions in group B were obviously superior to group A.Conclusion CT scanning of gastro-colon with gas-contrasted,low expose dose and low window level is markedly superior to conventional one.

Objective To explore the risk factors for clinical anastomotic leakage after resection of rectal cancer in China. Methods By meta-analysis we made a comprehensive analysis of the risk factors for clinical anastomotic leakage after resection of rectal cancer based on 19 articles published in China between January 1999 and January 2009. Results The anastomotic leakage rate was higher in the patients aged 60 years old and above than in those younger, with the combined odds ratio (OR) value being 0.50 (95% CI: 0.33-0.76) (P<0.01). The incidence rate was higher in the male patients than in the female ones, with the combined OR value being 2.17 (95% CI: 1.38-3.42) (P<0.01). The incidence rate in the patients with the distance of tumor from the lower margin to anal verge being 7cm and shorter was higher than that with longer distance, with the combined OR value being 1.79 (95% CI: 1.37-2.35) (P<0.01). The incidence rate in the patients who had received radiotherapy preoperatively was higher than that in those who had not, with the combined OR value of 3.66 (95% CI: 2.19-6.09) (P<0.01). The incidence rate in the patients who had received stapler anastomosis was higher than that in the patients who had received manual anastomosis, with the combined OR value being 0.70 (95% CI: 0.47-1.05), but there was no significant difference between them (P>0.05). The incidence rate was higher in the patients with diabetes mellitus than in the healthy ones, with the combined OR value being 3.16 (95% CI: 2.27-4.39) (P<0.01). The incidence rate was lower in the patients with Dukes A and B stages than in those with Dukes C and D stages, with the combined OR value being 0.61 (95% CI: 0.45-0.83) (P<0.01). The incidence rate in the patients with high malignance degree in clinicopathological types was higher than that with low malignance degree, with the combined OR value being 2.17 (95% CI: 1.38-3.42) (P<0.01). The incidence rate was lower in the patients who had received preventive colostomy than in those who had not, with the combined OR value being 0.39 (95% CI: 0.14-1.05), but there was no significant difference between them (P>0.05). The incidence rate was higher in the patients who had got selective operation than in those who had got emergency operation, with the combined OR value being 0.27 (95% CI: 0.13-0.56). Conclusion The risk factors of anastomotic leakage after resection of rectal cancer are as follows: 60 years old and above, male patients, diabetes mellitus, preoperative neo-adjuvant radiotherapy, the distance of tumor from the lower margin to the anal verge being shorter than 7cm, Dukes C and D stages, high malignance degree in clinicopathological types, and emergency operation.

Objective To explore the association between blood cadmium levels (BCLs) and clinicopathological characteristics of patients with breast cancer.Methods The clinicopathological characteristics and blood specimens of 186 patients diagnosed with breast cancer were collected between July and December 2009.BCLs were detected by graphite-furnace atomizer absorption spectrophotometer.Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis H test were used to compare the BCLs of patients with different clinical characteristics.Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to evaluate the relationships between BCLs and some indices of clinical characteristics.Results The BCLs was 2.280 (1.579) μg/L.The BCLs were significantly different in patients with different age and body mass index (BMI) (Z =-2.075,P =0.038;x2 =7.429,P =0.023).Also,there were significant differences in different T stages (x2 =10.137,P =0.017),M stages (Z =-2.225,P =0.026),clinical stages (x2 =16.060,P =0.001) and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) status (Z=-2.072,P=0.038).Excepting for age (r =0.126,P =0.066),BCLs were positively associated with BMI,T stage,M stage,clinical stage and HER-2 status (r=0.159,P =0.030;r =0.171,P=0.020;r =0.166,P =0.044;r=0.154,P =0.040;r =0.152,P =0.038).Conclusion The BCLs are associated with some clinicopathological characteristics of breast cancer,and high blood cadmium burden may promote the development of breast cancer.

BACKGROUND:Monoaxial pedicle screws are not conducive to the instal ation during percutaneous pedicle screw technique, but it has better mechanical conductivity and stability than polyaxial pedicle screws. How to select and use these two kinds of screws in the clinic to exert their advantages and to further elevate efficacy has become a subject worthy of reflection. OBJECTIVE:To compare the clinical efficacy of percutaneous pedicle screw placement for thoracolumbar fracture using monoaxial and polyaxial pedicle screws at different placement selections. METHODS:A total of 46 cases of thoracolumbar fracture without neurological symptoms underwent minimal y invasive percutaneous pedicle screw fixation. 25 patients (monoaxial screw group) were treated with monoaxial pedicle screws and the other 21 ones (polyaxial screw group) with polyaxial pedicle screws. Kyphotic angle, correction rate, correction loss rate and height of injury vertebrae were compared before and after fixation in both groups. The therapeutic effects of monoaxial and polyaxial percutaneous pedicle screw fixation in the treatment of thoracolumbar fractures were evaluated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Fixation time, blood loss, complication and hospital stay were not significantly different in both groups (P>0.05). (2) Kyphotic angle and height of the fractured vertebra body were significantly different between the two groups (P<0.05). (3) The restoration of anterior height of injured vertebrae, kyphotic angle and correction rate were better in the monoaxial screw group than in the polyaxial screw group after treatment (P<0.05). The correction loss rate was significantly better in the monoaxial screw group than in the polyaxial screw group during last fol ow-up (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the posterior height of injured vertebraeafter fixation (P>0.05). (4) These findings indicate that compared with the polyaxial percutaneous pedicle screw fixation, the monoaxial pedicle screw may be preferable in percutaneous pedicle screw fixation for thoracolumbar fractures, has more satisfactory fracture distraction reduction, and has less postoperative correction loss rate.

Objective To study the protective effect of erythropoietin (EPO) on brain tissue with cardiac arrest-cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CA-CPR) and its mechanism.Methods 120 male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three groups (each n =40),namely:sham group,routine chest compression group,and conventional chest compression + EPO group (EPO group).The rats in each group were subdivided into CA and 6,12,24,48 hours after restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) five subgroups (each n =8).The model of CA was reproduced according to the Hendrickx classical asphyxia method followed by routine chest compression,and the rats in sham group only underwent anesthesia,tracheostomy intubation and venous-puncture without asphyxia and CPR.The rats in EPO group were given the routine chest compression + EPO 5 kU/kg (2 mL/kg) after CA.Blood sample was collected at different time points of intervention for the determination the content of serum S100 β protein by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).All the rats were sacrificed at the corresponding time points,and the hippocampus was harvested for the calculation of the number of S100 β protein positive cells,and to examine the pathological changes and their scores at 24 hours after ROSC by light microscopy.Results With prolongation of ROSC time,the serum levels of S100 β protein (μg/L) in the routine chose compression group and the EPO group were significantly elevated,peaking at 24 hours (compared with CA:305.7 ± 29.2 vs.44.4 ± 6.2 in routine chest compression group,and 276.7±28.9 vs.44.7±5.6 in the EPO group,both P ＜ 0.05),followed by a fall.The levels of S100β protein at each time point after ROSC in EPO group were significanthy lower than those of the routine chest compression group (83.2 ± 7.5 vs.114.3 ± 15.3 at 6 hours,123.9 ± 20.2 vs.184.9 ± 22.2 at 12 hours,276.7 ± 28.9 vs.305.7 ± 29.2 at 24 hours,256.3 ± 26.6 vs.283.2 ± 23.6 at 48 hours,all P ＜ 0.05).With the prolongation of ROSC time,the S100 β protein positive cell number in brain (cells/HP) in the routine chest compression group and the EPO group was significantly increased,peaking at 24 hours (compared with CA:14.3±2.2 vs.6.7±0.7 in the routine chest compression group,11.3± 1.3 vs.6.8±0.9 in the EPO group,both P ＜ 0.05),then it began to fall.The S100 β protein positive cell number in brain at each time point after ROSC in the EPO group was significantly lower than that of the routine chest compression group (7.0±0.9 vs.7.9± 1.9 at6 hours,8.4± 1.1 vs.10.2±2.2 at 12 hours,11.3± 1.3 vs.14.3±2.2 at24 hours,8.3±0.8 vs.10.8±2.0 at48 hours,all P ＜ 0.05).Under the light microscope,a serious brain cortex injury was found after reproduction of the model,and the degree of injury was reduced after EPO intervention.The pathological score at 24 hours after ROSC in EPO group was lower than that of routine chest compression group (3.83±0.73 vs.4.17±0.75,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The S100β protein level in serum and brain tissue was increased early in asphyxia CA-CPR rats.EPO intervention can reduce the expression of S100 protein and reduce the degree of brain injury.