0.05). No loosening, distortion and breaking of fusion apparatus were found. Conclusion STT arthrodesis simulated in new fusion apparatus does not show displaced even though forced the utmost movement in range of motion of extension 35?/flexion 50?, radial deviation 10?/ulnar deviation 30?. STT arthrodesis can get excellent stability using new fusion apparatus.

0.05).②blood test and gastrointestinal reaction of the two groups one month after operation:The leukocytopenia(

Objective To investigate the rehabilitation prognoses of children with traumatic brain injury (TBI).MethodsA retrospective analysis was made in 64 children who had been admitted for rehabilitation.Their clinical information,rehabilitation protocols,recovery of consciousness and ability in the activities of daily living (ADL) were analyzed. ResultsThe children's injuries were severe-42.19％ had consciousness disorders,but 80％ of them recovered consciousness after rehabilitation.Their limb motor dysfunction was dominated by hemiplegia (51.67％).For 65.63％ of the patients rehabilitation was initiated within one month after injury.The average length of stay in rehabilitation was 33.09 ± 25.96 days.Those with consciousness disorders stayed significantly longer than those without.The main treatments were hyperbaric oxygen therapy,exercise and neurotrophic drugs (the ratios were 95.31％,89.06％ and 82.81％ respectively).After the first course of inpatient rehabilitation,the conscious ness recovery rate was 81.48％ and ADL ability improved significantly.The total effectiveness rate was 90.63％.Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that the factors most strongly correlated with effective rehabilitation were age at injury and the rehabilitation intervention time.ConclusionThe results suggest that a general hospital should focus on early (acute and subacute phase) rehabilitation.So developing the rehabilitation network system is necessary and urgent.Rehabilitative therapy is very helpful in TBI cases.Being older at the time of injury and earlier rehabilitation intervention predict better short term outcomes.It is necessary to build and improve on a more standardized and systemic rehabilitation and assessment system for pediatric TBI.

Objective To analyze the injury characteristics in 2004-2009 road traffic accidents (RTAS) of 0-25 years old adolescents treated in Beijing 120 Emergency Center so as to provide scientific basis for making effective measures in prevention and control of RTAs. Methods The data of all the adolescents with traffic injuries treated in Beijing 120 Medical Emergency Center were collected for a retrospective analysis on sex,age,traffic injury time,wound regions,injury characteristics and death condition of the injured adolescents. Results( 1 ) There were 17 232 injuries and 259 deaths according to the traffic reports from 2004 to 2009. Among the total injury cases,there were 4 229 cases of 0-25 years old adolescents (24.5％),at (20.13 ± 4.43 ) years of age.The injury number showed a significant rising trend with the increase of age and the injury number of 20 years old group were obvious more than that of other age groups.(2) There were 2 252 males and 1 677 females,with ratio of males to females for 1.5:1 ( P ＜ 0.05 ).( 3 ) Total number of patients was decreased yearly.The high incidence of adolescent RTAs could be seen in September,October and May in one year; Friday,Saturday and Sunday in one week; and between 8:00 am and 11:00 pm in one day.The low incidence of adolescent RTAs could be seen in Tuesday in one week,and 3:00-6:00 am in one day (P ＜0.05).(4) Cases of limb and arthrosis wounds (53.4％) were more than those of head and neck wounds (35％).Most of the cases were pedestrians (49.1％ ).(5) There were 38 deaths,including 28 males and 10 females,at ageof (19.29 ± 5.30) years.The death were mainly resulted from craniocerebral injuries (87％),which mainly concentrated in July ( 13.2％ ) and August ( 15.8％ ). Conclusions The present condition ofadolescent traffic injuries is not good enough.We should strengthen traffic security education,increase executive powers in the traffic rush and promote cooperation and communication in pre-hospital emergency,as may be beneficial for decreasing adolescent RTA.

Objective This study used multivariate regression analysis to study the prevalence of malnutrition and the impact of malnutrition on independence in activities of daily living,health outcomes,chronic disease and healthcare cost among older Chinese adults.Methods This study was based on data from the 2013 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey(CHARLS).The CHARLS data covers information on demographics,family,health status and functional limitations,health insurance,employment and earnings among mid-aged and older community-dwelling Chinese.This research focused on older Chinese adults aged 60 years and over.As a result,over 5,900 subjects were included.This study defined malnutrition based on body mass index,weight loss and reduced handgrip strength.Functional status was assessed via adapted versions of the Katz index of independence in basic activities of daily living (ADL)and the Lawton-Brody index of independence in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL).Health outcomes included self reported health status.Then multivariate regression analysis was used to investigate the relationship between malnutrition and various health outcomes.Results Thirty percent of older Chinese adults were malnourished.Malnutrition was associated with significantly lower IADL (OR =0.868,P ＜ 0.05),poorer health status(OR =0.675,P＜0.001),as well as higher probability of having stroke(OR =1.399,P＜0.05)and chronic stomach disease(OR =1.241,P＜0.001).As a significant contributor of poorer self-reported health status,malnutrition,in turn,increased hospital cost by ￥214 (14％increase,P＜0.01)per person per year.Conclusions Malnutrition leads to functional limitations and worse health outcomes among community-dwelling older Chinese adults.These results imply that nutrition interventions such as nutrition screening and assessment,making scientific and personal nutrition support plans,and providing timely adequate nutrition support therapy can improve the health status and lower the healthcare cost of older adults living in the community.

OBJECTIVE:To study the lifespan effect of ethyl acetate extract from Polygonum multiflora(EPM)on caenorhab-ditis elegans,and to investigate its anti-aging effect. METHODS:EPM low-concentration,medium-concentration and high- concen-tration groups(25,37.5,50 mg/L,calculated by crude drug)and blank group(0 mg/L)were established to investigate the effects of EPM on the lifespan of caenorhabditis elegans. EPM group(37.5 mg/L)and blank group(0 mg/L)were established to perform re-productive test,acute heat stress test and acute oxidative stress test of caenorhabditis elegans. The effects of EPM on reproductive capacity and pressure stress of caenorhabditis elegans were investigated. RESULTS:The lifespan test,average lifespan of cae-norhabditis elegans in EPM low-concentration,medium-concentration and high-concentration groups were prolonged significantly, compared to blank group(P<0.05 or P<0.01),especially in EPM medium-concentration group. In reproductive test,the number of offspring of caenorhabditis elegans in EPM group on the second and third day were increased significantly,compared to blank group (P<0.05). In acute heat stress test and acute oxidative stress test,average survival time of caenorhabditis elegans in EPM group was prolonged significantly(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:37.5 mg/L EPM can retard the aging process of caenorhabditis ele-gans and doesn’t damage the reproductive capacity.

ObjectiveTo investigate the epidemiological features and risk factors of road traffic injury in Beijing.MethodsData of road traffic injuries of Beijing Changping Hospital in 2010 was collected for statistical analysis of the epidemiological features. ResultsA total of 990 cases of road traffic injuries were treated in Beijing Changping Hospital in 2010,with a male/female ratio of 2.57:1 and at average age of 45 yeats.There were 21 cases aged ＜ 18 years,703 cases aged 18-55 years and 266 cases aged ≥56 years.Self-employed individuals and fanning production staffs were the risky population that were easily subjected to road traffic injuries.Summer and autumn were the accident-prone seasons.The most common injury site was the lower limbs,next with the neck and head.The hospital stay was mainly in a range of 5-10 days (12.8 days on average).ConclusionsMale self-employed individuals and agricultural producers are the high-risk groups of road traffie accidents in the area,where shows a high occurrence of road traffic accidents in the summer and autumn.Thereby,traffic safety education and prevention-control measures based on these characteristics should be carried out to effectively reduce the number and severity of the local traffic injuries.

Objective To investigate the effects of telmisartan and pyridoxamine on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) proliferation and apoptosis as well as abdominal aorta vascular remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Methods SHRs randomly received placebo, telmisartan(6 mg*kg-1*d-1), pyridoxamine(200 mg*kg-1*d-1) or telmisartan (6 mg*kg-1*d-1) plus pyridoxamine (200 mg*kg-1*d-1, n=12 each) for 16 weeks. Wistar-Kyoto (WKY, n=12) rats serve as normotensive contro1. The systolic blood pressure (SBP) of rat was measured before and weekly thereafter. The serum advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) were detected by competitive ELISA. The serum super oxide dismutase (SOD) and nitric oxide (NO) were measured. The abdominal aorta were assessed by image analysis in HE stained sections. The VSMCs apoptosis and proliferation in abdominal aorta were detected with in situ end labeling technique and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunohistoehemistry staining respectively. Results SBP were significantly lower in telmisartan and telmisartan plus pyridoxamine therapy group than in placebo treated hypertensive rats while not affected by pyridoxamine (P>0.05). Activity of SOD and NO were significantly higher and AGEs significantly lower in telmisartan, pyridoxamine and combination therapy treated SHRs than in placebo treated hypertensive rats(P<0.01). The elmisartan, pyridoxamine and combination therapy can significantly inhibit the PCNA expression and significantly enhance the apoptosis value in abdominal aorta(P<0.01). The efficacy of combined treatment was significantly higher than telmisartan and pyridoxamine alone(P<0.05). Conclusion Telmisartan and pyridoxamine could attenuate abdominal aorta vascular remodeling via reducing oxidative stress and AGEs production as well as restoring the balance of VSMCs proliferation and apoptosis in SHRs abdominal aorta.

The importance of structural variants(SVs)for human phenotypes and diseases is now recognized.Although a variety of SV detection platforms and strategies that vary in sensitivity and specificity have been developed,few benchmarking procedures are available to confidently assess their performances in biological and clinical research.To facilitate the validation and application of these SV detection approaches,we established an Asian reference material by characterizing the genome of an Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)-immortalized B lymphocyte line along with identified benchmark regions and high-confidence SV calls.We established a high-confidence SV callset with 8938 SVs by integrating four alignment-based SV callers,including 109x Pacific Biosciences(PacBio)continuous long reads(CLRs),22 x PacBio circular consensus sequencing(CCS)reads,104x Oxford Nanopore Technologies(ONT)long reads,and 114×Bionano optical mapping plat-form,and one de novo assembly-based SV caller using CCS reads.A total of 544 randomly selected SVs were validated by PCR amplification and Sanger sequencing,demonstrating the robustness of our SV calls.Combining trio-binning-based haplotype assemblies,we established an SV benchmark for identifying false negatives and false positives by constructing the continuous high-confidence regions(CHCRs),which covered 1.46 gigabase pairs(Gb)and 6882 SVs supported by at least one diploid haplotype assembly.Establishing high-confidence SV calls for a benchmark sample that has been characterized by multiple technologies provides a valuable resource for investigating SVs in human biology,disease,and clinical research.

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to establish a standard protocol for detection of EGFR mutations in cytologic specimens.

METHODS287 cytologic samples were collected from the patients who were suspected of having lung cancer at six hospitals in Beijing. A detection protocol for EGFR mutations was designed. Two comparative experiments were carried out for the coincidence in EGFR mutation rates between direct sequencing (Seq) and amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS) methods, and between 40 matched cytologic samples with formaldehyde-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) cytologic blocks and cytospin slides.

RESULTSTumor cells were found in 236 out of 287 cases (82.2%, 236/287) . Among them, there were 31 cases (13.1%, 31/236) of low tumor cell content samples and 205 cases (86.9%, 205/236) of high tumor cell content samples. 180 cases in the high tumor cell content samples (87.8%, 180/205) were diagnosed to be consistent with NSCLC. 25 out of 194 cases were ruled out or indefinite to be diagnosed as NSCLC by immunohistochemistry. By direct sequencing, the mutation rate of EGFR was 27.8% (50/180) in NSCLC samples and 28.2% (50/177) in adenocarcinoma samples (high tumor content samples) . By ARMS, the mutation rate of EGFR was 45.6% (82/180) in NSCLC samples and 46.3% (82/177) in adenocarcinoma samples (high tumor content samples). The EGFR mutation rate in low tumor content samples was 38.7% (12/31) , there was no significant difference in EGFR mutation rates between the groups of low tumor cell content samples and high tumor cell content samples (P = 0.12). The concordance rate of EGFR mutation rates was 100% between scraping tumor cells from slides samples and from FFEP blocks in the 40 matched samples. Forty-eight out of 180 definitive NSCLC patients received Gefitinib therapy. The FPS was 12 months in the gefitinib-treated ARMS⁺ group and 2 months in the ARMS⁻ group (P < 0.001), and the OS was 19 months in the gefitinib-treated ARMS⁺ group and 7 months in the ARMS⁻ group (P = 0.003), but no significant differences were found in the efficacy (PFS and OS) of Gefitinib between Seq⁺ and Seq⁻ groups (P = 0.227, P = 0.510, respectively), and Seq⁺/ARMS⁺ and Seq⁻/ARMS⁺ groups (P = 0.354, P = 0.334, respectively).

CONCLUSIONSThe detection protocol for EGFR mutations in cytological specimens introduced in this study is tested to be reliable and feasible. Pathological evaluation and immunohistochemistry are important in the detection procedure of EGFR mutations in cytologic specimens. High sensitivity methods should be selected for detection of EGFR mutations in cytologic samples.

Adenocarcinoma ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; metabolism ; Mutation ; Mutation Rate ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; genetics ; metabolism