Objective To investigate the pathogenesis role of aquaporin 3 and aquaporin 9 in idiopathic polyhydramnios by detecting their expression and distribution in fetal membranes and placenta.Methods Twenty-one of term pregnancy women with idiopathic polyhydramnios were enrolled as patient group matched with 30 women with normal term pregnancy as control group.The expression and localization of aquaporin 3 and aquaporin 9 in fetal membranes and placenta were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction and streptavidin peroxidase immunohistochemiscal staining.Results (1)The mRNA expressions of aquaporin 3 and aquaporin 9 were detected in amnion,chorion and placental tissue in both patient group and control group.Both aquaporin 3 and aquaporin 9 were demonstrated positive staining in the amnion epithelia,chorion cytotrophoblasts and placental trophoblast.(2)The ratio of aquaporin 3 and aquaporin 9 mRNA expressions in amnion in patient group comparing to those in control group were 5.00 and 3.25,while in chorion they were 2.03 and 2.08.When compared with those in amnion and chorion of control group,there was a significant difference(P<0.01).However,the relative change fold of aquaporin 3 and aquaporin 9 in placental trophoblast in patient group were decreased in comparison of those in control group,which also showed statistical difference(P<0.01).(3)The expression of aquaporin 3 and aquaporin 9 protein in anmion were 7.5 ±2. 0 and 11.1 ± 1.8 in patient group, while they were 5.3 ± 1. 6 and 5.6 ± 2. 3 in control group. In chorion, the expression of aquaporin 3 and aquaporin 9 protein was 7.5±2. 0 and 10. 0 ±1.6 in patient group, respectively, while in control group, they were 5.4 ±2.2 and 5.6±2. 1. When compared with those proteins in control group, it exhibited statistical difference (P<0.05). However, in placental trophoblast of patient greup,the expression of aquaporin 3 and aquaporin 9 protein were 3.5±1.4and 4. 0±2. 5, respectively, which were significantly decreased than 5.6±1. 3 and 7. 1±2. 9 in control group(P< 0. 05). Conclusions The alterations of aquaporin 3 and aquaporin 9 expressions in fetal membrane and placenta might be an adaptive response to idiopathic polyhydramnios. Further investigation should be needed to clarify the regulatory mechanism of aquaporin 3 and aquaporin 9 expressions.

Objective To test comparative effect of capecitabine and S-1 (Tegafur/gimeracil/oteracil) on advanced colorectal cancer.Methods 106 cases of advanced colorectal cancer in our hospital oncology were collected and randomly divided into 2 groups:capecitabine group (52 cases) and S-1 group (54 cases).The chemotherapy effect and adverse effect of 2 groups were collected.Results After one treatment period,3 cases of complete remission,19 cases of partial remission,15 cases of stable disease,15 cases of disease progression,efficient rate of 42.3％and control rate of 71.2％ were observed in capecitabine group.5 cases of complete remission,21cases of partial remission,19 cases of stable disease,9 cases of disease progression and efficient rate of 48.1％ and control rate of 83.3％ were observed in S-1 group.There were no significant differences in efficient rate,control rate adverse effect rate and survival time between 2 groups(P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Capecitabine and S-1 are both safe and effective in treatment of advanced colorectal cancer.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the association between high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and breast cancer incidence among the non-diabetic females in a large-scale cohort study in Kailuan group.

METHODSThe Kailuan cohort was established on May 1, 2006. Baseline information on demography, lifestyle, medical history, and anthropometry, i.e., body height and weight, were collected during the baseline interview, and breast cancer incidence, mortality and other related outcome information were obtained by follow-up every two years and the related health condition database information were collected every year. Multivariable Cox proportional-hazards regression model was used to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95%CI (confidence interval) between the level of hsCRP at baseline interview and breast cancer incidence adjusted for age group, body mass index (BMI), marital status (married and single) and tobacco smoking (smokers and non-smokers) when appropriate.

RESULTSBy Dec 31, 2011, a total of 17 402 females were enrolled in the cohort. There were 85 286 person-years of follow-up with a mean follow-up period of (58.81 ± 4.52) months. A total of 75 incident breast cancer cases were collected. Subjects with the highest level (>3 mg/L) of hsCRP at baseline interview were associated with a significantly increased risk of breast cancer (adjusted HR = 1.80, 95%CI = 1.03-3.15) compared with those with the lowest level (<1 mg/L).

CONCLUSIONSElevated levels of hsCRP at baseline interview may be associated with an increased risk of breast cancer among non-diabetic females. Further follow-up and etiological exploration will help to evaluate the association between the hsCRP level and the risk of breast cancer more reliably.

Body Mass Index ; Breast Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; metabolism ; C-Reactive Protein ; metabolism ; Cohort Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Middle Aged ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Prospective Studies ; Risk ; Risk Factors ; Smoking

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of pegylated recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (PEG-rhG-CSF) in prophylaxis neutropenia after chemotherapy in patients with lymphoma. Methods: This was a multicenter, single arm, open, phase Ⅳ clinical trial. Included 410 patients with lymphoma received multiple cycles of chemotherapy and PEG-rhG-CSF was administrated as prophylactic. The primary endpoint was the incidence of Ⅲ/Ⅳ grade neutropenia and febrile neutropenia (FN) after each chemotherapy cycle. Meanwhile the rate of antibiotics application during the whole period of chemotherapy was observed. Results: ①Among the 410 patients, 8 cases (1.95%) were contrary to the selected criteria, 35 cases (8.54%) lost, 19 cases (4.63%) experienced adverse events, 12 cases (2.93%) were eligible for the termination criteria, 15 cases (3.66%) develpoed disease progression or recurrence, thus the rest 321 cases (78.29%) were into the Per Protocol Set. ②During the first to fourth treatment cycles, the incidences of grade Ⅳ neutropenia after prophylactic use of PEG-rhG-CSF were 19.14% (49/256) , 12.5% (32/256) , 12.18% (24/197) , 13.61% (20/147) , respectively. The incidences of FN were 3.52% (9/256) , 0.39% (1/256) , 2.54% (5/197) , 2.04% (3/147) , respectively. After secondary prophylactic use of PEG-rhG-CSF, the incidences of Ⅳ grade neutropenia decreased from 61.54% (40/65) in the screening cycle to 16.92% (11/65) , 18.46% (12/65) and 20.75% (11/53) in 1-3 cycles, respectively. The incidences of FN decreased from 16.92% (11/65) in the screening cycle to 1.54% (1/65) , 4.62% (3/65) , 3.77% (2/53) in 1-3 cycles, respectively. ③The proportion of patients who received antibiotic therapy during the whole period of chemotherapy was 34.39% (141/410) . ④The incidence of adverse events associated with PEG-rhG-CSF was 4.63% (19/410) . The most common adverse events were bone pain[3.90% (16/410) ], fatigue (0.49%) and fever (0.24%) . Conclusion During the chemotherapy in patients with lymphoma, the prophylactic use of PEG-rhG-CSF could effectively reduce the incidences of grade Ⅲ/Ⅳ neutropenia and FN, which ensures that patients with lymphoma receive standard-dose chemotherapy to improve its cure rate.