BACKGROUND: In the clinical therapy for orthopedic diseases, the traditional administration easily induces the great fluctuation of drug concentration and side effect, and implanted drug carrier material hydroxyapatite (Hap) cannot be used in human's load bearing parts due to its poor mechanical performances, and poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) is effortlessly degraded to acid byproducts. Drug carriers made from Hap/PLLA are supposed to not only persist releasing drug onto the lesion and reduce the side effect,but also obtain strength enhancement and eliminate tissue inflammatory reaction in favor of bone regeneration.OBJECTIVE: To observe the preparation of absorbable target control-release drug carrier and simulate the application of drugs.DESIGN: Observation trial.SETTING: Chongqing Institute of Technology and Wuhan University of Technology.MATERIALS: Tails of albino rats and PLLA (offered by Biological Center of Wuhan University of Technology), pepsin (1:10 000, Sigma company), Ca(OH)2, strong phosphoric, NaOH, glacial acetic acid, phosphate buffer (pH=7.4), 1,4-dioxane, absolute alcohol (Analytical reagent available on market).METHODS: The experiment was carried out in Chongqing Institute of Technology and Wuhan University of Technology. ①Type Ⅰ collagen (Col)was prepared by acid dissolution and alkali purification methods. Hap/Col bone-like biomimetic composite was synthesized through self-assembly mechanism of materials simulating in vitro biomineralization process of nature bone. X ray diffraction analysis and transmission electron microscope were applied to observe the characterization of composite's structure and morphology. ②The resultant product of HAP/Col composite was further synthesized with PLLA to prepare the three-dimensional porous reservoir type carrier for controlled release of drug employing thermal-induced phase separation technique. Scanning electron microscope, material test machine and specific gravity test method were used to investigate the pore structure and mechanical property of carrier material. ③The prepared Hap/Col/PLLA drug carrier was loaded with bromothymol blue to investigate in vitro control-release characteristic in simulated body fluid.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①Characterization of structure and morphology of Hap/Col bone-like biomimetic composite; ②Evaluation on the property and preparation technique of Hap/Col/PLLA drug carrier; ③Assessment on results of in vitro control-release trail of model composite.RESULTS: ①Hap nanocrystals formed as slender needles aligning with its crystalline c-axis preferentially oriented.②Hap/Col/PLLA drug carrier possessed apt pore configuration and physical properties for drug controlrelease.③In vitro release test by model compound revealed an approximate zero-orderslow release prior to its 80% release percentage.CONCLUSION: Hap/Col composite material is similar with natural bone, and Hap/Col/PLLA reservoir carrier can control drug release.

Objective To discuss the effect and treatment methods of ureteral obstruction caused by primary or metastatic pelvic malignancy. Methods Clinical data of 51 cases with ureteral obstruction caused By pelvic malignancy were reviewed retrospectively. The treatment included traditional open operation in 17 cases in which 3 cases with uretero-uwtero, 9 cases with uretero-bladder anastomotic stoma and 5 cases with cutaneous ureterostomy, retrograde stenting in 19 cases (11 cases with unilateral ureter, 8 cases with bilateral ureter), pereutaneous nephrostomy in 15 cases. Results The median follow-up time was 21 months (range 6 to 72 months ). Three months after operation, uhrasonograph or intravenous urography(IVU)showed that 39 (76.5%) cases had nomal renal function, 12 (23.5%) cases had hydronephrosis relief and renal function improvement. No stricture in the uretero-uretero or uretero-bladder anastomotic stoma was recorded. Conclusions Appropriate treatment is dependent upon the accurate identification of the underlying pathological process and it can relieve ureteral obstruction and increase the quality of life for ureteral obstruction caused by pelvic malignancy.

Objective To study the therapeutic effect of Danshen injection combined with conventional therapy on children with recurrent asthmatic bronchitis. Methods A prospective study was conducted. Fifty-five children with asthmatic bronchitis admitted in People's Hospital of Henan Province from January 2012 to July 2014 were enrolled and randomly divided into a integrative Chinese and western medicine group(30 cases)and a conventional therapy group(25 cases);in the same period,18 healthy children having passed physical examinations were chosen as the healthy control group. In the conventional therapy group,rest,oxygen inspiration,anti-infection, fluid supplement and aerosol inhalation,etc. were given,while in the integrative Chinese and western medicine group,based on the similar conventional therapies,additionally Danshen injection 0.4 mL · kg-1 · d-1 was given,once per day for a total of 14 days. The wheezing remission time and the pulmonary rale extinction time were observed in the two patient groups,and the fractional exhaled nitric oxide(FeNO)content was investigated in the three groups. Results The wheezing remission time and the pulmonary rale extinction time of the integrative Chinese and western medicine group were obviously shortened compared with those in the conventional therapy group〔the wheezing remission time(days):2.3±0.8 vs. 5.2±1.1,the pulmonary rale extinction time(days):6.8±1.5 vs. 8.4±1.1,both P<0.01〕. The contents of FeNO in the integrative Chinese and western medicine group and the conventional therapy group before treatment were significantly higher than those in the healthy control group(×10-9:30.3±9.5,30.4±8.2 vs. 13.6±3.4,both P<0.01),but after treatment the FeNO levels of both patient groups were markedly lowered,and the degree of change in integrative Chinese and western medicine group was more significant(×10-9:18.6±4.7 vs. 24.0±6.8,P<0.01). Conclusion Danshen injection combined with conventional therapy can obviously down-regulate the FeNO content,alleviate the airway inflammation,effectively relieve the children recurrence of asthmatic bronchitis.

Objective To investigate the killing effect of allitride on fungus inside Candida albicans biofilm (BF) .Methods The polyascchride components of BF was labeled by FITC-conA .The fluorescence microscopic was adopted to observe the effect of al-litride on the BF forming process of Candida albicans in morphology .The specimens were divided into 3 groups ,the control group (allicin concentration of 0) ,0 .25 mg/mL allicin group ,0 .5 mg/mL allicin group ,1 .0 mg/mL allicin group ,2 .0 mg/mL allicin group .The XTT reduction assay was performed to quantitatively detect the killing effect of allitride on fungus inside Candida albi-cans BF .Results After the treatment by different concentrations of allitride ,the BF structure was observed by fluorescence micros-copy .The fluorescence intensity of high concentration group was weakened compared with the low concentration group and the con-trol group .The ODA450 values of the XTT reduction assay after acting on Candida albicans BF for 5 h by different concentrations of allitride (0 .5 ,1 .0 ,2 .0 mg/mL) were 1 .87 ± 0 .31 ,1 .64 ± 0 .25 and 1 .30 ± 0 .29 ,respectively ,and the OD450 value of the control group was 2 .11 ± 0 .26 ,there was statistically significant difference between the allitride groups and control group (P<0 .05);after acting on Candida albicans BF by 0 .25 mg/mL allitride ,the OD450 value was 1 .93 ± 0 .31 ,the difference had no statistical signifi-cance compared with the control group(P>0 .05) .Conclusion Allitride can kill the fungus inside BF of Candida albicans and has the inhibiting effect on biofilm .Moreover the inhibiting effect on biofilm is increased with its concentration increase within certain concentration range .

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression and clinical significance of EphA2 and E cadherin proteins in papillary thyroid carcinoma tissues, and to explore the relationship between them. METHOD: Using immunohistochemical SP/PV method, we detected the expression of EphA2 and E cadherin in tumors of 43 papillary thyroid carcinomas, 11 thyroid adenoma and 10 normal thyroid tissues, then studied their relationships with clinic pathological factors. RESULT: The total positive rates of EphA2 and E cadherin expression were 58. 14% and 32. 56% in papillary thyroid carcinoma tissues, 18. 18% and 81. 81% in thyroid adenoma.tissues and they were 10. 00% and 100. 00% in normal thyroid tissues respectively. The positive expression of EphA2 in carcinoma tissues was higher than in the thyroid adenoma tissues and normal thyroid tissues (P<0. 05) and the positive expression of E cadherin in carcinoma tissues was lower than that in the thyroid adenoma tissues and normal thyroid tissues (P<0. 05). The positive expression of EphA2 and E cadherin was associated with lymph node metastasis and histological grade (P<0. 05), but it was not associated with all the clinic-pathological factors including age, sex and the tumor size (P>0. 05). In papillary thyroid carcinoma tissues, the expression of EphA2 was negatively correlated with the expression of E cadherin protein (r= -0. 416, P<0. 01). CONCLUSION EphA2 and E cadherin may be involved in carcinogenesis and development of papillary thyroid carcinoma.
Adenoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Antigens, CD ; Cadherins ; metabolism ; Carcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Receptor, EphA2 ; metabolism ; Thyroid Cancer, Papillary ; Thyroid Gland ; metabolism ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology

Objective To investigate the effect of implanting uncovered self-expandable metal stent for treatment of distal malignant biliary obstruction through endoscope.Methods The effect of therapy about implanting uncovered self-expandable metal stents to 16 patients who had unsectable malignant tumors companing with obstructive jaundice through endoscope was reviewed. Results Fifteen of the studied patients were implanted uncovered self-expandable metal stents successfully (94%), for their internal drainage were patent. At the seventh and fourteenth day after implantation, liver function and B-ultrasound were rechecked. Compared to the data before operation, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin and transaminase declined respectively (P

Objective To investigate the sorts and quantities of air fungi in air and its change in every month in the west of Luzhou City. Methods The experiment glass slice was exposed every day and the experiment container was exposed every month in one year so as to investigate air fungi in Luzhou Library Building in the west of Luzhou City. The fungi were separated and cultured, the specimens of fungi were pressed on glass slice timely, dyed with methyl blue and identified. Results 365 experiment glass slices were exposed every day in one year. 24 139 fungi spores were checked and 23 582 were identified. They belonged to 24 species. The air fungi spores in the experiment glass slice according to their quantity were Alternaria(30.61%), Ustilaginales(23.90%), Epicoccum(18.71%), Hormodendrum(13.91%). The air fungi in the experiment container according to their quantity were Saccharomyces(50.20%), Aspergillus(12.46%), Penicillium(10.77%), Hormodendrum(9.29%) and so on. There were a lot of air fungi in the west Luzhou City all the year round. The air fungi quantity was high during May to September in a year. Conclusion A lot of fungi wave to and fro in air in the west of Luzhou City all the year round. The quantity of air fungi changes as the season goes on and it is high during May to September. The main fungi are Alternaria, Ustilaginales, Epicoccum, Hormaodendrum and so on.

Objective To observe clinical effect of treating primary dysmenorrhea of congealing cold and blood stasis type with menstruation regulating method.Methods 56 cases of primary dysmenorrhea of congealing cold and blood stasis type were divided into 30 cases as a treatment group and 26 cases as a control group with random number table.The treatment group took Buyang Huanwu decoction in ovulatory period,and took Tongjing decoction in menstrual period.Moderate and severe patients took Jinkui shenqi pill for reinforcing kidney qi for 10 days after menstrual period.The control group took Shaofu Zhuyu granules and stopped to take it until the third day of menstrual period.All patients took the medicines for 3 continuous menstrual cycles.The dysmenorrhea score pre and post treatment,pain degree and effect were observed and compared.Results Menstruation regulating method and Shaofu Zhuyu granules could both improve the clinical symptoms,but the cured and markedly effective rate and total effective rate of menstruation regulating method was better (x2=8.813,P＜0.05),especially for moderate and severe dysmenorrhea.Conclusion Menstruation regulating method can improve symptoms of primary dysmenorrhea of congealing cold and blood stasis type.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of different elutions of Hyssopus cuspidatus on smooth muscle contraction of isolated tracheal in Guinea pigs. METHODS:Isolated tracheal rings were prepared and soaked in Krebs-Henseleit,using acetyl-choline(ACh,1×10-7 g/mL)or histamine(His,1×10-6 g/mL)to induce contraction of tracheal rings,then the effects of H. cuspi-datus water elution and 30%,50%,60%,70%,95%ethanol elutions with mass concentrations of 0.08,0.16,0.32,0.64,1.28, 2.56 mg/mL on contraction of tracheal rings were respectively investigated. Contraction curves were recorded and antispasmodic rates were calculated. Tests were treated with saline as blank control and aminophylline (0.08 mg/mL) as positive control. RE-SULTS:Compared with blank control,0.16-2.56 mg/mL 30%,50% ethanol elution,0.32-2.56 mg/mL 60% ethanol elution and 0.64-2.56 mg/mL 70%,95% ethanol elution can obviously inhibit ACh-induced contraction of tracheal rings,antispasmodic rates were obviously increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01);0.32-2.56 mg/mL water elution and 30%,50% ethanol elution,0.16-2.56 mg/mL 60%,70% ethanol elution and 1.28-2.56 mg/mL 95% ethanol elution can obviously inhibit His-induced contraction of tracheal rings,antispasmodic rates were obviously increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The effects of 2.56 mg/mL 60% ethanol elution ap-proach to aminophylline. CONCLUSIONS:Different elutions of H. cuspidatus has certain antagonistic effect on the ACh-induced or His-induced smooth muscle contraction of isolated tracheal in Guinea pigs;60% ethanol elution shows the strongest effect, which has similar effects with aminophylline at high mass concentration.

Objective To evaluate the effects of Taoist cognitive psychotherapy on depression of aged patients with cerebral stroke hemiplegia convalescence. Methods Seventy-seven hemiplegia convalescence patients with depression were divided into general treatment group (38 patients, received general back-up psychology therapy) and combined treatment group (39 patients, received general back-up psychology therapy and Taoist cognitive psychotherapy) by random digits table. All patients were treated for 8 weeks and followed up for 6 months. Two groups were evaluated with HAMD and SS-QOL before treatment and at the end of the 2 weeks,4 weeks, 8 weeks and 6 months after treatment. The results were analyzed with statistics. Results In general treatment group, the HAMD scores were gradually decreased, and the HAMD scores of patients after 8 weeks' treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment[(22.35 ± 4.69)scores vs. (29.62 ± 5.95 ) scores,t = 6.425 ,P ＜ 0.01]. At the end of 6 months after treatment, the scores increased [(24.48 ± 4.12 ) scores vs. (22.35 ± 4.69 ) scores, t = 2.014, P ＜ 0.05], but they were lower than those before treatment(t = 4.836, P ＜ 0.01 ). At the end of 6 months after treatment, the SS-QOL scores were lower than those after 8 weeks' treatment (t =2.543,P ＜0.05),but they were higher than those before treatment (t = 2.790,P ＜ 0.05 ). In combined treatment group, the HAMD scores decreased continuously,and the scores after 8 weeks' treatment [(20.08 ± 4.60) scores] and 6 months' treatment [( 15.21 ± 3.42)scores] were significantly lower than those before treatment [( 30.14 ± 4.92 ) scores] (t = 8.341,15.443, P ＜0.01). Meanwhile,the HAMD scores after 6 months'treatment were significantly Iower than those after 8 weeks' treatment (t =4.724,P ＜ 0.01 ). The SS-QOL scores after 8 weeks' treatment [( 117.56 ± 26.22)scores] and 6 months' treatment [(126.57 ±21.82) scores] were significantly higher than those before treatment[(86.54 ± 23.90) scores] (t = 6.716,8.916,P ＜ 0.01 ) ,and there was significantly difference(t=2.378,P ＜ 0.05). The HAMD scores of combined treatment group after 8 weeks' and 6 months' treatment were significantly lower than those of general treatment group at the same time(t = 2.118, P ＜ 0.05 ;t = 8.405,P＜ 0.01 ) ,and SS-QOL scores were significantly higher than those of general treatment group at the same time (t = 3.123,P ＜ 0.05 ;t = 6.580,P ＜ 0.01 ). Conclusions General back-up psychology therapy combined with Taoist cognitive psychotherapy can improve depression and life quality of cerebral stroke hemiplegia convalescence in aged patients. The effects of Taoist cognitive psychotherapy is slower, but it is more beneficial in the long time.