Objective hole.Research demonstrated that amnion promotes the proliferation of and its mechanism.Methodswhite rabbit.The cells were primarily cultured and passaged in DM/F12 with 10% fetal bovine serum and identified with glial fibrillary acidic using 0.25% trypsin and 0.05%EDTA and suspended in 10% fetal bovine serum+DMEM/F12.0.5 mL of the amnion supernatant was added to the medium for 12 hours.The expression of EGFR in the cells was detected by immunohistochemistry.The difference of EGFR expression with or without the amnion was evaluated.ResultsCultured cells showed a positive response for GFAP and S-100.The intermediate filaments with a length of 8-10 nm were exhibited under the transmission electron microscope.EGFR was fainly expressed in cultured hours,the expression of EGFR was obviously increased with a significant difference in the gray scale between the two groups(571 588.80±67 862.68 vs.1 000 352.00±98 386.22)(t=4.035,P＜0.01).Conclusion

Objective To observe the effect of amniotic homogenate on closing holes in experimental rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and investigate its mechanism.Methods Forty rabbits were randomly divided into group A,B,C and D with 10 rabbits in each group.Group A and C were the treatment groups,and group B and D were the control groups.All eyes of rabbits underwent pars plana vitrectomy,retinectomy,and fluid-air exchange.The surface of the breaks was treated with 0.1 ml amniotic homogenate in experimental groups and 0.1 ml PBS in control groups.At the end of operation,20% SF6 was tamponaded and the retina reattaced.The animals were executed 14 (group A and B) and 28 days (group C and D) after the surgery.The tissue sections were observed by light microscope,electron microscope and immunocytochemistry method.Results Fourteen days after the surgery,the retina reattached in 6 eyes in group A (60%) and 2 eyes in group B (20%) (P=0.021),Twenty-eight days after the surgery,the retina reattached in 8 eyes in group C (80%) and 3 eyes in group D (30%) (P=0.046).The difference of the rate of retinal reattachment among the 4 groups were statistical significant (P<0.05).Light postoperative inflammation of ocular anterior segment was observed,which was controlled 3-5 days after treated with topical steroids.The result of light microscopy showed that the eyes in treatment groups had multilayer of fibroblast like cells around the retinal breaks,adhering to the choroid and retinal pigment epithelial cells.The proliferative cells around the retinal breaks obvious less in control groups than that in the treatment groups,and the retina could not adhere to the choroid.The results of electron microscopy were the same as that of light microscopy.Immunohistochemistry staining of the fibroblast-like cells revealed positve glial fibrillary acidic protein,which suggested that the proliferative cells around the retinal breaks were retinal glial cells.Conclusions Amniotic homogenate helps to seal retinal breaks and promote retinal reattachment by stimulating the proliferation of retinal glial cells around the breaks.

Objective To observe the inhibition effect of selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor (celecoxib) on the experimental choroidal neovascularization (CNV).Methods Thirty 8-10 weeks old healthy male Brown-Norway(BN) rats were randomly divided into the control,laser and celecoxib group,with 10 rats in each group.At the dosage of 50 mg/kg,celecoxib was garaged twice per day.After 7 days,experimental CNV was induced by Krypon laser on laser group and celecoxib group.Fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) was performed on days 3,7,14,21,30 after laser photocoagulation.On days 21 after photocoagulation,5 rats in each group were sacrificed and the relative thickness of CNV membranes,the expression of COX-2,vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) Were studied by histopathologic or immunohistochemistry examination.Results On days 21 after photocoagulation,the incidence of CNV in the celecoxib group is significantly lower than that in the laser group (X~2=7.1068,P=0v0077);the relative thickness of the CNV membranes in the celecoxib group is reduced 41.38% compared to the laser group,the difference is statistically significant (t=16.7600,P=0.0000).COX-2,VEGF and MMP-2 expression in the CNV membrane of celecoxib group were significantly lower than in control group (t=5.7100,5.8400,8.0200;P=0.0000);the COX-2,VEGF and MMP-2 expressions in choroid and retina of control group were weak.Conclusion Prophylactic celecoxib can reduce the expression of VEGF and MMP-2 by inhibiting COX-2,and prevent the CNV induced by laser photocoagulation.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of the 45S5 bioactive glass on the reduction of hypersensitivity of teeth prepared for full coverage crowns.Methods: In the study, 31 prepared abutment teeth with vital pulp from 18 patients satisfied the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria.The patients were informed consent and recruited into the study.This was a before and after self-control, single blind clinical trial.The severity of tooth hypersensitivity at baseline was evaluated, after application of the placebo, which was the powder of zinc oxide, and after application of the 45S5 bioactive glass on the same tooth.Tooth hypersensitivity was evaluated by Yeaple probe and visual analogue scale (VAS) when the tooth was stimulated by a fixed value of mechanical pressure and a blast of cold air respectively.And the dentist gave the subjective score, and the Schiff score at the same time.The three methods of measurement were repeated at baseline, after application of placebo and after application of the powder of 45S5 bioactive glass.Student''s t test and nonparametric test were used for statistical analysis.Results: The indexes measured at baseline, after the application of the placebo and after the application of the 45S5 bioactive glass were as follows, respectively: Tactile value (29.03±9.44) g, (29.68±9.48) g and (44.19±11.19) g, VAS value (50.79±22.92) mm, (46.63±22.06) mm and (30.90±20.30) mm, Schiff score 2.13±0.67, 1.97±0.66 and 1.42±0.56.After the application of bioactive glass, the values of Tactile, the VAS, and the Schiff score were statistically different from those at baseline or after application of the placebo (P<0.05).The data measured at baseline and after application of the placebo were of no statistical difference (P>0.05).Statistical differences between the Schiff scores of the groups were associated with gender, tooth position, primary or secondary tooth preparation.Conclusion: Results of the clinical trial showed that the powders of 45S5 bioactive glass were significantly effective on reducing the hypersensitivity of teeth with vital pulp after the full crown preparation.

Objective To observe the different changes of macular microstructure in patients with large idiopathic macular hole (IMH) treated with vitrectomy combined with internal limiting membrane (ILM) transplantation or not.Methods Forty eyes in 40 consecutive patients with giant IMH (≥500 μm) were included in the study.Twenty eyes received vitrectomy with ILM transplantation (ILM transplantation group) and others with ILM peel off (ILM removal group).During the operation,a proper size of the ILM was removed and filled in the bottom of the macular hole.The age,duration of disease and the ocular laterality of the two groups of patients were not statistically significant (P＞0.05).Minimum resolution angle in logarithmic (logMAR) best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and frequency domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) scan were examined.There was no statistically significant difference in logMAR BCVA,average defect diameter of photoreceptor ellipsoid (IS/OS) and average defect diameter of external limiting membrane (ELM) between two groups (t=0.128,1.452,1.321;P＞0.05).The logMAR BCVA and SD-OCT were examined on 1,3,6,12 months postoperatively.Results On 1 month after the surgery,there was no statistically significant difference in logMAR BCVA,average defect diameter of IS/OS and average defect diameter of ELM between two groups (t=1.226,1.435,1.018;P＞0.05).On 3,6,12 months after the surgery,compared with ILM removal group,the logMAR BCVA (t=2.059,2.871,2.415) increased and the average defect diameter of IS/OS (t =2.070,2.110,2.121) and ELM (t =2.034,3.647,3.556) significantly reduced in ILM transplantation group (P＜0.05).On 1 month after the surgery,there was statistically significant difference in CRT between two groups (t=2.113,P＜0.05).On 3,6,12 months after the surgery,there was no statistically significant difference in CRT between two groups (t=0.428,0.847,0.849;P＞0.05).Conclusion Compared with vitrectomy combined with ILM peeling surgery,the diameter of IS/OS and ELM defect were significantly decreased after vitrectomy combined with ILM transplantation in the patients with large IMH.

AIM: To assay the level of ferulic acid in rabbit taking Siwu Decoction (Radix angelicae sinensis, Rhlzorna chuanxiong, Radix rehmanniae praeparata) and the influence result of the blood picture. METHODS: The level of ferulic acid in rabbit blood was measured with HPLC after medication and the blood examination was carried out. RESULTS: During the period of medication, the levels of red and white blood cells, hemoglobin, Fe, Zn and Cu increased, packed cell volume and whole blood low-shear viscosity decreased. CONCLUSION: Ferulic acid in Siwu Decoction might be one of effective constituents, promoting blood circulation and replenishing blood.

Objective To investigate the surgical selection of retinal detachment with myopic macular holes. Methods Management strategies were adopted according to the ocular symptoms of patients with high myopia involved in posterior chorioretinal atrophy, the colour showed by the bottom of macular holes and the shape of posterior staphyloma. Seventy-five eyes of 72 patients fulfilled the study criteria. The patients were followed up in an average of eight-month-observation and were divided into three groups: single 16% C2F6 gas tamponade (26 eyes of 26 patients) as group A,vitrectomy combined with 16% C2F6 gas tamponade (26 eyes of 23 patients) as group B and vitrectomy with silicon oil tamponade (23 eyes of 23 patients) as group C. Results 69.2%(18/26) of the macular holes were closed in group A, 73.1%(19/26)in group B and 87.0% (20/23) in group C after the primary surgery. Comparison of postoperative outcomes,macular hole closure rate was not significantly different among three groups (P= 0.3184). Conclusions It suggests that good anatomic retinal reattachment be achieved using any approach. However, the optimal surgical choice regarding of the personality case offered less surgical burden and more rapid visual rehabilitation to patients.

OBJECTIVE To investigate approaches to the prevention of sharps injuries. METHODS A retrospective questionnaire was performed for 193 nurses of a general hospital from the time of Jan 2004 to Jun 2005. RESULTS The questionnaires indicated that 46.1% nurses had suffered sharps injuries,with averaged of 1.6 times per person,of which 36.7% and 32.4% were caused respectively by syringe needles and glass wares.Opening ampules,disposal of used sharps,installing the syringe needles and transmitting sharp devices were the four major events in which sharps injuries might happen,accounted for 29.5%,22.3%,15.8% and 10.1%,respectively.It is also noted that 79.1% nurses suffering from the injury wore no gloves. CONCLUSIONS Occupational hazards of sharps injuries are threatening nurses.Certain prophylactic measures should be taken to control and prevent sharps injuries.

AIM: To assay the level of ferulic acid in rabbit taking Siwu Decoction(Radix angelicae sinensis,Rhlzoma chuanxiong,Radix rehmanniae praeparata) and the influence result of the blood picture. METHODS: The level of ferulic acid in rabbit blood was measured with HPLC after medication and the blood examination was carried out. RESULTS: During the period of medication,the levels of red and white blood cells,hemoglobin,Fe,Zn and Cu increased,packed cell volume and whole blood low-shear viscosity decreased. CONCLUSION: Ferulic acid in Siwu Decoction might be one of effective constituents,promoting blood circulation and replenishing blood.

Objective To investigate nerve growth factor (β-NGF) and its receptors expression in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Methods Expression and distribution of β-NGF, tyrosine kinase A (TrKA) and P75NGFR were detected in operation tissue specimens of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR. Relations of β-NGF and its receptors with clinicalpathological characters, especially nerve invasion were analyzed. Results β-NGF and TrKA expression are higher in pancreatic adenocarcinoma than normal pancreas, and the differences are significant (P < 0. 01). Β-NGF and TrKA expression are associated with the differentiation grades(DG), lymphatic node metastasis, nerve invasion and surgical pathological stages. Poorer of DG and later stages, more expression of β-NGF and TrKA. Β-NGF and TrKA expression have positive correlations. Β-NGF, TrKA and P75NGFR mRNA expression have significantly increased 3.84,4. 23 and 2. 41 times than normal tissues by real-time PCR, respectively. Conclusions β-NGF and TrKA might play potential rules in carcinogenesis for pancreatic cancer,have affinity with clinicopathological characters of pancreatic cancer. Β-NGF and TrKA may have mutual effect in signal transduction leading to perineural invasion of pancreatic carcinoma.