The paper gives a comparative analysis of retrieval function among PubMed, Google Scholar and Scims mainly form the following aspects: retrieval methods, retrieval results and output formats. Effects of retrieval are compared through 10 retrieval tests, and respective characteristics of three retrieval tools are analyzed. Google Scholar has the largest scope;PubMed has better retrieval function than the other two;in the aspect of result output, three retrieval tools have their own characteristics.

BACKGROUND: Electromagnetic pulse (EMP) irradiation can cause the decline of learning and memory abilities of rats, and lead to the intracellular calcium overloading of hippocampal neurons in vitro, and then result in necrosis and apoptosis. Physical shield can alleviate the damage of electromagnetic irradiation on experimental animals, but studies of the medicine prevention and protection on cell models are still in lack.OBJECTIVE: To observe the possibility of medicine in preventing and protecting the EMP-induced injury of hippocampal neurons in vitro.DESIGN: A randomized controlled animal experiment.SETTING: Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengde Medical College.MATERIALS: The experiments were carried out in the Academy of Military Medical Sciences and Chengde Medical College from January 2004 to January 2005. Several neonatal Wistar rats were used.METHODS: The neonatal Wistar rats were killed by cutting heads to remove brain, and the hippocampal neurons were primarily cultured and identified. After pretreatment with MK801 [N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)receptor antagonist] and nifedipine (L-type Ca2+ channel blocking agent),the primarily cultured hippocampal neurons were irradiated with EMP. The condition of our experiment was 6×l04 Y/m, pulse rise time was 20 ns,pulse width was 30 ms, and frequency was 2.5 pulse per minute for 2 minutes. The neurons cultured in special petri dish, which could be observed under LSCM high amplified resolution, were divided into EMP irradiation group, MK801 20 μmol/L group, MK801 20 μmol/L+ nifedipine 1 μmol/L group. The cellular activities were detected with methyl-thiazol-tetrazolium (MTT) colorimetry; The rate of apoptosis was detected with FASC method;The intracellular free Calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) was determined by loading with Fluo-3-AM Ca2+ fluorescent probe (Molecular Probes Company) on the laser scanning confocal microscope.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The intracellular calcium overloading,cellular activity and rate of apoptosis were compared.RESULTS: ① The [Ca2+]i fluorescent intensity in the EMP irradiation group immediately after irradiation was significantly higher than that in the normal control group (107.34±26.14, 54.93±16.08, P＜0.05); As compared with the EMP irradiation group, the [Ca2+]i fluorescent intensity was decreased in the MK801 20 μmol/L group (81.29±19.96, P ＜ 0.05), and further decreased in the MK801 20 μmol/L+ 1 μmol/L nifedipine group (69.82±25.54, P＜0.05), but both were higher than that in the normal control group (P＜0.05). ②The A values that reflected the activity of cell proliferation MK801 20μmol/L group and MK801 20 μmol/L+1 μmol/L nifedipine group (0.25±0.06, 0.27±0.07) were obviously higher than that in the EMP irradiation group (0.17±0.08, P ＜ 0.05), but still lower than that in the normal control group (0.33±0.08, P ＜ 0.05). ③ The rate of apoptosis in the EMP irradiation group immediately after irradiation was significantly higher than that in the normal control group [(68.63±9.04)%, (20.14±4.34)%,P＜0.01]; As compared with the EMP irradiation group, the rate of apoptosis was decreased in the MK801 20 μmol/L group (62.12±11.08)%, and further decreased in the MK801 20 μmol/L± 1 μmol/L nifedipine group [(53.69±13.60)%, P ＜ 0.05], but both were higher than that in the normal control group (P ＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION: Pretreatment with MK801 and nifedipine can partly block EMP induced damage in hippocampal neurons in vitro. Intracellular Ca2+ Overloading may play an important role in the injury of EMP on hippocampal neurons.

This study aimed to optimize the ultrasonic extraction of gardenia oils from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis.by response surface analysis methodology (RSM).The duration of extraction,ratio of liquid to materials and extracting times were selected as impact factors based on single-factor experiment.RSM was adopted to learn the effects of the three factors on the extraction rate of Gardenia oil from Gardeniajasminoides Ellis.As a result,it was found that the duration of extraction was 28.7 min,while the ratio of liquid to materials was 11.62:1,and the number of extracting times were 3.36.Under this extracting condition,the average extraction rate of the oil was 13.5％ according to three validation experiments,fitting the predicted value well.In conclusion,it was demonstrated that the ultrasonic extraction method effectively improved the extraction rate of gardenia oil,providing a certain basis for the development and utilization of gardenia oil.

Acute Disease ; Dermatitis ; Humans ; Hydrazines ; Hypersensitivity ; Nervous System Diseases ; Poisoning

The expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), serine-threonine kinase (Akt), 4E-binding protein (4EBP1), phophorylated ribosomal protein S6 kinasel (p70S6Kl) and ribosomal protein S6 ( S6) were detected with immunohistochemistry in 48 cases of human breast cancer. Tumors high-expressing HER2 showed higher Akt expression as compared to tumors with negative HER2 (P < 0. 01). Levels of Akt were correlated with the downstream molecules 4EBP1 ( P < 0. 01) and p70S6K ( P < 0. 05 ). 4EBP1 was mainly expressed in poorly differentiated tumors (P <0. 01) and correlated with tumor size ( P < 0. 05) , lymph node metastasis ( P < 0. 01) and locoregional recurrences ( P < 0. 01). Results suggest that 4EBPl may be the main factor in PI-phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt-mammalian targot of rapanycin signal transduction pathways, which is associated with grade of malignancy and prognosis of breast cancer.

Objective:To explore the cognition and use experience of residents based on technical acceptance model, and provide decision-making information and reference for the promotion and optimization construction of the smart ward.Methods:Based on the technical acceptance model, the research team made cognitive and experience evaluation questionnaire of hospitalization patients of the smart wards and evaluated its reliability. By adopting cross-sectional research methods, 368 patients who were hospitalized in the smart wards of the 10 leading clinical specialty in"136" Xingyi Project in Shanxi Province were selected as research objects from January to April 2022. The cognitive and experience evaluation questionnaire of hospitalization patients of the smart wards were used to conduct investigations and research.Results:Among 368 patients, male 148 cases, female 220 cases, aged 18 to 70 years old. The overall Cronbach α coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.887, which had a good degree of reliability. In the cognition and experience evaluation of the smart wards, the five dimensions of perception of usefulness, perception of ease of use, perception safety, attitude and willingness to use were (4.76 ± 0.38),(4.75 ± 0.46), (4.75 ± 0.46), (4.72 ± 0.19), (4.73 ± 0.55), (4.77 ± 0.27) points respectively, the proportion of "very agreed" was 80.16% (295/368); the overall satisfaction of the smart wards scored (4.76 ± 0.35) points, the proportion of "very satisfied" was 79.35% (292/368). Conclusions:The application of the smart ward in the nursing work of inpatients will help optimize the patients′ medical service experience and improve the satisfaction of hospitalization.

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of artificial liver technique - double plasma molecular adsorption(DPMAS) combined with continuous renal replacement therapy(CRRT) in the treatment of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome(MODS) patients with liver failure. Methods From April 2014 to October 2016, in the Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital emergency ICU hospitalized MODS combined with liver failure patients were enrolled in this study. On the basis of comprehensive medical treatment, these patients were randomly(random number) divided into CRRT control group(23 cases) and DPMAS + CRRT treatment group(22 cases). Blood biochemical, coagulation index, inflammatory factor and severity score of two groups were comparied before and 72 h after treatment. Results The levels of alanine aminotransferase(ALT), aspartate aminotransferase(AST), blood amine(NH3), creatinine(CREA), interleukin-6(IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), heart rate(HR),APACHE Ⅱ score and SOFA score in CRRT control group were statistically different before and after treatment (P<0.01). However, there was no significant difference in the levels of total bilirubin(TBIL), direct bilirubin(DBIL), bile acid(TBA), prothrombin activity(PTA) and international standardized ratio(INR) (P> 0.05); In the DPMAS + CRRT treatment group, the levels of ALT, AST, NH3, CREA, IL-6, TNF-α, HR, APACHEⅡand SOFA scores were significantly different before and after treatment (P<0.01), as well as the levels of DBIL, TBA, PTA, INR(P<0.01). There was significant differences in ALT, AST, TBIL, DBIL, TBA PTA, INR, IL-6, TNF-α, APACHE Ⅱ and SOFA scores between the two groups (P<0.05), while the levels of CREA, NH3, MAP, HR of these two groups had no significant difference (P>0.05). Conclusions Because of the combination of double plasma adsorption, besides the advantages of CRRT, DPMAS+CRRT can remove bilirubin and bile acid which can not be removed by CRRT, also improve coagulation function. The clearance efficiency of inflammatory factors is also higher, and the severity score is reduced more significantly.

Objective To discuss the effect of the appointment checkup process optimized with the theory of constraints in shortening the appointment waiting time. Methods The patients who underwent ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging examination, and CT examinations were selected from the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from March 2017 to February 2018. Firstly, we applied the theory of constraints to investigate and analyze the status of medical technology examinations. Secondly, we optimized the process according to the results of the investigation. Finally, we compared the appointment duration of medical examinations before and after the optimization. Results Thanks to support of departments involved, the longest ultrasonography appointment waiting time was reduced from 3. 74 days to 1. 32 days. The longest appointment time for magnetic resonance imaging examination was reduced from 3. 74 days to 1. 33 days. The longest appointment waiting time for CT was reduced from 2. 62 days to 1. 55 days, and the goal of completing the checkup the day after the prescription was reached in the continuous improvement phase. Conclusions The optimization of the medical technology examination appointment process based on the constraint theory can effectively shorten the checkup appointment duration, maximize utilization of medical resources and optimize the services.

Objective To explore the rare nonsynonymous variants of ABCA1 gene in primary open angle glaucoma (POAG).Methods A prospective cohort study was carried out.Three hundred and ninety-eight POAG patients and 198 healthy controls matched in age and gender were recruited from March 2017 to March 2018 in Eye and Ear Nose Throat (ENT) Hospital of Fudan University.The periphery blood of 2-5 ml from all the subjects was collected for extraction of DNA,and rare variant analysis of the ABCA1 gene was conducted by whole exome sequencing (WES) data of these subjects.The study protocol was approved by Ethic Committee of Eye and Ear Nose Throat Hospital of Fudan University and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital (No.2016-32-1,and written informed consent was obtained from each subject prior to entering the study cohort.Results A total of 21 rare nonsynonymous variants (minor allele frequency MAF＜0.O1) were detected in the coding regions of ABCA1 gene in 27 subjects of the 398 POAG,with the detection rate of 6.8％.Among them,c.4310C＞A (p.Thr1437Asn),c.3772G＞T(p.Asp1258Tyr),c.775A＞G (p.Lys259Glu) and c.1507_1508insGAGGT (p.Glu503GlyfsX7) were four novel variants.In the 198 healthy controls,five rare nonsynonymous variants were detected in the ABCA1 gene from five subjects respectively,with the detection rate of 2.5％,the detection rate of nonsynonymous in POAG group was higher than that in healthy control group,showing a significant difference (x2=4.72,P =0.03,OR =2.81).Conclusions Rare nonsynonymous variants in ABCA1 is associated with the pathogenesis of POAG.These variants can enrich the variation spectrum of ABCA1.

The incidence rate of ovarian cancer ranks the third among female malignant tumors, the mortality rate ranks the first and the prognosis is poor. Ovarian cancer poses a serious threat to the health of women's lives. The incidence of ovarian cancer is related to heredity, endocrine disorders and adverse lifestyle factors. In recent years, some scholars have carried out the impact of lifestyle, especially shift work, on the occurrence and development of ovarian cancer. Shift work can lead to circadian disruption, which affects hormonal balance in the body and may be a risk factor for ovarian cancer. This review summarizes four cohort studies and two case-control studies on the relation between shift work and ovarian cancer. The conclusion of the studies is inconsistent, suggesting that further researches are needed.