OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of oral gatifloxacin and levofloxacin in the treatment of acute bacterial infections.METHODS:224cases with acute bacterial infections treated with oral gatifloxacin(group A)and levofloxacin(group B)were collected respectively by reviewing literature,the analysis and evaluation was performed by cost-minimization analysis and cost-effectiveness analysis in pharmacoeconomics.RESULTS:Total effective rates of group A and B were95.6%and91.8%,respectively;Minimum costs for each case were(287.1?95.7)and(109.5?36.5)yuan,respectively;Calculated from the perspective of total effective rates,the cost-effectiveness ratios were(14.67?2.13)and(13.58?1.65),respectively;The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of group A as against group B was41.CONCLUSION:Levofloxacin is of better cost-effectiveness advantage than gatifloxacin in the treatment of acute bacterial infections.

Objective To explore the potential mechanism of curcumin(CUR) enhancing the sensitivity of acute myeloid leu-kemistem cells(LSCs) CD34+CD38-KG1cellto daunorubicin (DNR) .MethodThe expression of surface moleculeCD34 , CD38 in KG1cellwadetected by the flow cytometry .The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50 ) of curcumin to CD34+CD38-Kglcellwacalculated by the Mtmethod .MT,methylcellulose colony formation assay and flow cytometry were ap-plied to examine the effectof Dnon the proliferation ,clone forming ability and apoptosiin the two kindof cell(CD34+CD38-KG1celland CUR/CD34+CD38-KG1cells) respectively .The mRNA-expression of Bcl-2 ,Bax and XIAP in the two cellwere analyzed by RT-PC.Meanwhile ,the protein-expression of CyclinD1 ,Bcl-2 ,Bax and XIAP were detected by Western Blo.ResultThe percentage of CD34+CD38-KG1in KG1cell line wa(98 .2 ± 3 .2)% .The IC50 of curcumin treating CD34+CD38-KG1fo24 h wa100 μmol/L .The inhibition effecof high and middle concentration(0 .8 ,2 .0 μg/mL) of Dnon the proliferation of CUR/CD34+CD38-KG1cellwastrongethan thaof CD34+CD38-KG1cell(P＜0 .05) .The inhibitory role of Dnto the colony formation on CUR/CD34+CD38-KG1cellwamore effective than thaof CD34+ CD38-KG1cells(P＜0 .05) .The ap-optotirate of CUR/CD34+ CD38- KG1cellin each concentration group of Dnwahighethan thaof CD 34+ CD38- KG1cells(P＜0 .05) .The mRNA-expression of Bcl-2 and the protein-expression of Bcl-2 and CyclinD1 were down-regulated .Howeve, no significanchange waobserved aboth mRNA-expression and protein-expression of Bax and XIAP .Conclusion Cucan en-hance the sensitivity of CD34+CD38-KG1cellto DN,which mighbe associated with down-regulating the expression of Cy-clinD1and Bcl-2 .

Objective To compare the efficacy of laparoscopic appendectomy(LA) and open appendectomy(OA) for perforated appendicitis.Methods From January 2002 to December 2005,40 patients with perforated appendicitis were treated at Xuanwu Hospital,20 of them received LA,and the others underwent OA.The clinical data of the patients were retrospectively analyzed.Results The operative time in the LA group was significantly longer than that in the OA group [(75.8?11.6) min vs(54.8?9.5) min,t=6.264,P=0.000)].And the patients in the LA group returned to oral intake earlier than those in the OA group [(1.8?0.5) d vs(2.6?0.5) d,t=-5.060,P=0.000].Moreover,the periods of antibiotic use and hospital stay in the LA group were significantly shorter than those in the OA group [(3.8?0.7) d vs(6.3?1.2) d,t=-8.048,P=0.000;and(5.8?1.1) d vs(11.6?1.6) d,t=-13.359,P=0.000].Although 3 patients had incision infection in the OA group,while none of the LA group had such a complication,no significant difference was detected in the complication rate between the two groups(Fisher's exact test,P=0.115).Conclusions Laparoscopic appendectomy is superior to open surgery for perforated appendicitis because of its advantages of quick recovery,short hospitalization,less antibiotic use,and minimal invasion.LA is a safe,effective,and feasible procedure for perforated appendicitis.

Objective To analyze the haemorheological related index changes in Han population in plain who returned from plat-eau about 45 d .Methods Venous blood of Han popuktion whe returned from plateau about 45 d and who stay in plain was collected for haemorheological related index detection .Results In males of Han population who returned to plains from plateau had a re-markable rising in HCT ,erythrocyte rigidity index and the whole blood viscosity of low shear rate (P<0 .05) .In females ,all indica-tors were higher than Han population stay in plain ,but not statistically different (P>0 .05) .Conclusion In males ,the plateau re-turned to plains Han population after returned to plain about 45 d ,most indexes of blood rheology can recover to the level of the people who stay in plain .In females ,all indexes of blood rheology can recover to the level of people who stay in plain .

ObjectiveTo explore the sensitivity of cancer stem cells to chemotherapy in human pancreatic carcinoma.MethodsPANC-1 ceils were cultured in an incubator filled with 5％ CO2 at a temperature of 37℃,and were labeled with Hoechst 33342.The SP analysis and sorting were performed using a FACSVantage SE.RT-PCR was performed to detect the expression of human CD133 ABCG2 and Notch1.SP and non-SP cells from the PANC-1 cell line were treated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU; 1,10,or 100 μg/ml) or gemcitabine (10,100,or 1000μg/ml),and the cell viability was determined using the MTT assay.The sensitivity of sorted tumor cells to chemotherapeutics was determined in NOD/SCID mice model.ResultsSP cells were found to have higher drug-resistance both in vivo and in vitro and higher levels of mRNA expression for CD133,ABCG2 and Notch1,when compared to non-SP ceils.The xenografted tumors derived from injected SP cells and treated with gemcitabine had more CD133± cells than the untreated group.ConclusionsThe SP of PANC-1 pancreatic carcinoma cells are enriched with highly gemcitabine-resistant CSCs and determine the carcinogenesis of the PANC-1 pancreatic carcinoma cells.

Objective To investigate the pattern of outpatients traffic,orchestra service resources,and optimize service provision,for a harmonized outpatient service.Methods A baseline survey was made at the outpatient department in 30 days(six hours per day,7:00-11:00,and 13:00-15:00).On such basis,data of the hospital's HIS system within the last five years were called into play for statistics analysis and simulation test,for the purpose of shift scheduling and resources allocation optimization.Results This study discovered each January-February as the valley of clinic visits and each July-August as the peak.52-week data analysis of a year found that the days of daily registrations between 4000-5000 are up to 163 days,those over 5000 are up to 86 days,of which Mondays with over 5000 registrations are up to 35 days.Each Monday is found to be a peak of outpatient visits,with significant drop during Saturdays and Sundays; daily registrations peak between 7:00-10:00 in the morning,while the traffic rises again during 13:00-14:00 in the afternoon,yet up to 26 ％of the morning peak only.Conclusion Statistics analysis of the outpatient service and emergency service at the outpatient department can help identify their patterns of operations,for effective improvement of service provision,alleviation of peak hour workload,shorten patient waiting time and better patient satisfaction.

Abstract:Aim To study the effect of rotenone on α-synuclein in rat midbrain of Parkinson's disease(PD).Methods Rats were subcutaneouly injected with chronic low dose rotenone(1.0 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)).Movements within 5 minutes were evaluated in open field test.Tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)-positive neuronsin the midbrain were measured with immunofluorescence staining.α-SYN protein level in the midbrain was demonstrated with immunohistochemical staining and Western blot.Results Compared to the control group,latency time,crossing,rearing and rearing time were changed significantly(P<0.05,0.01)in the rotenone group,TH-positive neurons were reduced(P<0.05)and α-SYN protein level in the midbrain was increased(P<0.05).Conclusion Injection with rotenone can induce PD symptom,which may be correlated to α-SYN protein level in the midbrain.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the possibility of constructing anti-cancer drug in-situ hydrogel with self-assembling peptide RAD16-Ⅰ. METHODS:The rheological parameters as storage modulus(G′),loss modulus(G″)and phase angle(Δ)of 0.1%,0.2% and 0.5% RAD16-Ⅰ solution containing paclitaxel or not were determined by rheometer before and after mixing with isometric phosphate buffer solution (PBS);RAD16-Ⅰ solution containing paclitaxel or not were mixed with breast cancer MDA-MB-435S cells culture medium to obtain hydrogel,the status and effect of which on cell morphology were observed by in-verted microscope (compared with paclitaxel solution). RESULTS:In RAD16-Ⅰ solution containing paclitaxel or not,G′was close to or slightly higher than G″,and G′and G″had changed slightly as the concentration of peptide increased. Compared with not mixed with PBS,G′increased significantly in concentration-dependent manner after mixed with PBS,and G″also increased but was slighter than G′;Δ decreased significantly. In cell culture media,RAD16-Ⅰ solutions containing paclitaxel could form hy-drogel and maintain their gel form,cancer cells kept same morphology after treated with hydrogel and same concentration of pacli-taxel solution for same time. CONCLUSIONS:RAD16-Ⅰ solutions containing paclitaxel can form hydrogel under simulated physi-ological conditions,which can maintain their gel form and have anti-cancer effect of paclitaxel.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the determination of dissolution of Xiaocaihu pill,and compare the differ-ence of preparation from different manufacturers. METHODS:Using 0.1 mol/L HCl as dissolution medium,rotating basket method was used to determine the dissolution of preparations. HPLC was adopted to determine the content of baicalin:column was TSKgel ODS C18 with mobile phase of methanol-water-phosphoric acid (65∶35∶0.7,V/V/V) at a flow rate of 1 ml/min,detection wave-length was 280 nm,column temperature was 30 ℃,and injection volume was 5 μl. RESULTS:The linear range of baicalin was 0.488-124.8 mg/L (r=0.999 9);RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were lower than 2.0%;recovery was 100.14%-104.78%(RSD=1.58%,n=9). The average t50(50% dissolution time)of baicalin was 85.81 min. CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple with good precision,stability and reproducibility,and can be used for the dissolution determination of Xiaocaihu pill. Xiaocaihu pill from different manufacturers shows great differences,both preparation formulation and clinical use should attach importance to the dissolution of solid preparations.

Objective:To study the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of the volatile oil from Piper puberulum ( Benth. ) Max-im. in Guizhou. Methods:Fifty KM mice were randomly divided into five groups (10 ones in each), the model control group (sa-line), low concentration volatile oil group (0. 125 ml/100 ml), medium concentration volatile oil group (0. 25 ml/100ml), high con-centration volatile oil group (0. 5 ml/100 ml) and aspirin group (3 mg·ml-1). Mouse ear swelling induced by xylene and skin capil-lary permeability were used to evaluate anti-inflammatory activity of the volatile oil from Piper puberulum ( Benth. ) Maxim. in Guizhou. Acetic acid-induced abdominal eonstrietion test and hot-plate test were applied to evaluate anti-analgesic activity of the vola-tile oil from Piper puberulum ( Benth. ) Maxim. In Guizhou. Results:Compared with that in the model group, the mouse ear swelling in the medium concentration volatile oil group, high concentration volatile oil group and aspirin group was significantly reduced ( P<0. 05). The skin capillary permeability in the high concentration volatile oil group and aspirin group was significantly reduced (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). Compared with that in the model group, the writhing times in the medium concentration volatile oil group, high concentration volatile oil group and aspirin group were significantly reduced (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). The pain threshold in the high concentration volatile oil group was effectively reduced (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). Conclusion: The volatile oil from Piper puberulum ( Benth. ) Maxim. in Guizhou has promising anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities.