nosis and treatment of EDO.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of parametric imaging of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in retroperitoneal tumors using SonoLiver software. Methods Sixty cases of retroperitoneal tumors were analyzed by CEUS with SonoLiver software. The color-mapped images of timedependent indexes, such as rise time(RT), time to peak(TTP), mean transit time(mTT), were abserved in the regions of interests(ROIS). The degree of the coincidence between pathologic diagnosis and parametric imaging diagnosis was carefully study by comparing parametric images with histopathological findings.Results 1 ) There was statistical significance of RT, TTP and mTT between the benign and malignant retroperitoneal tumors. 2) The time-dependent parametric images were obvious different between benign lesions and malignant lesions. The malignant lesions enjoyed a confused boundary and distribute disorderly,while the benign tumors had a clear distribution. There was a good coincidence degree between pathologic diagnosis and parametric imaging diagnosis(κ =0. 625, P =0. 000). Sensibility, specificity, the rate of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis, the degree of accuracy respectively was 85.3 ％, 76.9 ％, 23.1 ％, 14.7 ％,81.7％ by the new diagnosis method. Conclusions Parametric imaging is a very useful way of evaluating the level of blood flow with the tumors and provides a new vision in the diagnosis of retroperitoneal tumors. It demonstrates retroperitoneal tumors clearly and objectively.

Objective To analyze the distribution of class 1,2 and 3 integrons and their gene cassettes,and to explore its relationship with drug resistance in Shigella.Methods Antimicrobial susceptibility was detected by minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) method.All the genes of integrons and gene cassettes were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).The amplicons were identified by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and sequencing.Results Fifty seven multi-drug resistant strains were identified from a total of 62 Shigella strains (91.9％).Among multi drug resistant strains,52 strains carried integrons of class 1 (91.2 ％) and 55 strains carried integrons of class 2 (96.5％).Only 2 strains carried class 1 integrons alone,5 strains carried class 2 integrons alone and 50 strains had both class 1 and class 2 integrons.Class 3 integrons were not detected.The gene cassettes of typical class 1 integrons,dfrV and dfrA17-aadA5,were detected in 6 strains and 2 strains,respectively.Atypical class 1 integrons with gene cassettes blaOxA30 aadA1 were detected in 44 strains.The typical and atypical class 1 integrons coexisted in 6 Shigella flexneri strains.Gene cassettes for class 2 integrons were dfrA1 sat1-aadA1.Conclusions The multi-drug resistant Shigella strains are widely distributed in Ji'nan,and the atypical class 1 integrons and class 2 integrons are common in these strains.Coexistence of the two integrons is observed in some of the strains.

1,3-Dihydroxyacetone is widely used in cosmetics, medicines and food products. We reviewed the recent progress in metabolic pathways, key enzymes, as well as metabolic engineering for microbial production of 1,3-dihydroxyacetone. We addressed the research trend to increase yield of 1,3-dihydroxyacetone by improving the activity of glycerol dehydrogenase with genetic engineering, and regulating of fermentation process based on metabolic characteristic of the strain.
Dihydroxyacetone ; biosynthesis ; Fermentation ; Genetic Engineering ; methods ; Gluconobacter oxydans ; genetics ; metabolism ; Industrial Microbiology ; methods ; Metabolic Engineering ; methods ; Sugar Alcohol Dehydrogenases ; metabolism

3-Hydroxypropionic acid is an important building block to synthesize lots of industrially valuable chemicals. In this study, we firstly investigated the effects of cell, substrate and product concentrations on biosynthesis of 3-hydroxypropionic acid from 1,3-propanediol by Gluconobacter oxydans ZJB09112 in 50-mL shake flask containing 10 mL transformation liquid. To avoid the inhibition of substrate and product, we adopted fed-batch biotransformation and fed-batch biotransformation coupled with in situ product removal in 2-L bubble column reactor containing 1 L transformation liquid. The results show that high concentrations of substrate and product could inhibit the biotransformation by decreasing the initial reaction rate, and the optimal reaction conditions were as follows: cell concentration 6 g/L, pH 5.5. Fed-batch biotransformation in which the substrate concentration was maintained at 15-20 g/L could obtain product concentration of 60.8 g/L after 60 h, which gave a productivity of 1.0 g/(Lh) and a yield of 84.3%. Furthermore, fed-batch biotransformation coupled with in situ product removal could achieve the total product concentration of 76.3 g/L after 50 h, which gave a productivity of 1.5 g/(L x h) and a yield of 83.7%. The results obtained here may be useful for the application of G. oxydans in biocatalysis industry by using its characteristic of incomplete oxidation of alcohols.
Batch Cell Culture Techniques ; Biotransformation ; Gluconobacter oxydans ; metabolism ; Lactic Acid ; analogs & derivatives ; biosynthesis ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Propylene Glycols ; metabolism

BACKGROUND: Aseptic loosening occurs after long-term total hip replacement, which directly affects the service life and prospective efficacy of artificial joints. The particles produced by artificial joint wear lead to the surrounding bone dissolved, further cause loosening, among which, polyethylene particles because of acetabular liner wear stand out. OBJECTIVE: To systematically assess the acetabular liner wear, loosening and osteolysis caused by cross-linked polyethylene or conventional polyethylene after total hip arthroplasty. METHODS: A computer-based research of Medline, EMbase, CBM, CNKI, CqVip, WanFang databases before December 2015 and Cochrane (3rd issue, 2011) was performed in accordance with the retrieval strategy made by Cochrane collaboration. A manual retrieval of related bone journals and conference papers was conducted. Eleven randomized controlled trials about the wear caused by cross-linked polyethylene or conventional polyethylene after total hip arthroplasty were enrolled based on inclusion criteria, followed by a Meta-analysis using RevMan 5.0 software. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Eleven randomized controlled trials involving 952 patients were included. (2) Meta-analysis showed that the acetabular liner wear rate of cross-linked polyethylene was significantly lower than that of conventional polyethylene at 5 years postoperatively [MD=-0.07, CI(-0.09, -0.05), I2=93%, P < 0.00001]; the large heterogeneity was decreased [MD=-0.06, 95%CI (-0.07, -0.04), I2=39%, P < 0.00001] after three research removed through sensitivity analysis. (3) The osteolysis rate in the cross-linked polyethylene group was significantly lower than that in the conventional polyethylene group [RR=0.39, 95%CI (0.27, 0.57), I2=0%, P < 0.00001]. (4) These results suggest that the cross-linked polyethylene liners exhibit reduced radiological wear and osteolysis, but the mean follow-up of 5 years (1.8 to 8.0) cannot meet the long-term requirements. Therefore, multi-central, large sample size and high-quality randomized controlled trials are needed to testify the efficacy and safety of cross-linked polyethylene.BACKGROUND: Aseptic loosening occurs after long-term total hip replacement, which directly affects the service life and prospective efficacy of artificial joints. The particles produced by artificial joint wear lead to the surrounding bone dissolved, further cause loosening, among which, polyethylene particles because of acetabular liner wear stand out. OBJECTIVE: To systematically assess the acetabular liner wear, loosening and osteolysis caused by cross-linked polyethylene or conventional polyethylene after total hip arthroplasty. METHODS: A computer-based research of Medline, EMbase, CBM, CNKI, CqVip, WanFang databases before December 2015 and Cochrane (3rd issue, 2011) was performed in accordance with the retrieval strategy made by Cochrane collaboration. A manual retrieval of related bone journals and conference papers was conducted. Eleven randomized controlled trials about the wear caused by cross-linked polyethylene or conventional polyethylene after total hip arthroplasty were enrolled based on inclusion criteria, followed by a Meta-analysis using RevMan 5.0 software. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Eleven randomized controlled trials involving 952 patients were included. (2) Meta-analysis showed that the acetabular liner wear rate of cross-linked polyethylene was significantly lower than that of conventional polyethylene at 5 years postoperatively [MD=-0.07, CI(-0.09, -0.05), I2=93%, P < 0.00001]; the large heterogeneity was decreased [MD=-0.06, 95%CI (-0.07, -0.04), I2=39%, P < 0.00001] after three research removed through sensitivity analysis. (3) The osteolysis rate in the cross-linked polyethylene group was significantly lower than that in the conventional polyethylene group [RR=0.39, 95%CI (0.27, 0.57), I2=0%, P < 0.00001]. (4) These results suggest that the cross-linked polyethylene liners exhibit reduced radiological wear and osteolysis, but the mean follow-up of 5 years (1.8 to 8.0) cannot meet the long-term requirements. Therefore, multi-central, large sample size and high-quality randomized controlled trials are needed to testify the efficacy and safety of cross-linked polyethylene.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of Sacubitril/Valsartan for alleviating chronic heart failure(CHF)in elderly patients after acute myocardial infarction(AMI). Methods: A total of 87 elderly patients with AMI-induced CHF treated in Heze Shili Hospital from October 2017 to August 2018 were enrolled and randomly divided into the experimental group(n=42)and the control group(n=45). All patients were given standard AMI treatments, and patients in the experimental group were given Sacubitril/Valsartan(100 mg bid)while those in the control group received Valsartan(80 mg qd). After a follow-up of 12 months, levels of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVDd), left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF), rates of rehospitalization for heart failure and all-cause mortality were compared between the two groups. Results: Among the 87 patients, 51 patients(58.6%)were male and 36 were female, with an averageage of(67.4±4.0)years.After 12-months of treatment, patients in the experimental group were associated with significantly lower levels of LVDd[(47.86±3.86)mm vs.(50.73±4.39)mm, P<0.05]and NT-proBNP[(793.43±335.43)ng/L vs.(1 068.44±344.46)ng/L, P<0.05]and higher levels of LVEF[(53.74±4.08)% vs.(44.42±7.41)%, P<0.05]than those in the control group.Moreover, the rehospitalization rate for heart failure was markedly higher in the control group than that in the experimental group[15(33.3%)vs.5(11.9%), P<0.05], while the rate of all-cause mortality was similar between the two groups[2(4.8%)vs.3(6.7%), P=0.703]. Conclusions Compared with Valsartan, Sacubitril/Valsartan can reduce the incidence of CHF after AMI, improve left ventricular function, and reduce the rehospitalization rate due to CHF in elderly patients.

Objective To investigate the role of multi-disciplinary team (MDT) in the treatment of complex cholestatic liver injury after liver transplantation. Methods MDT consultation was conducted to clarify the causes and therapeutic strategies for one case of complex cholestatic liver injury after liver transplantation admitted to Liver Transplantation Center of the First Hospital of Jilin University on June 23, 2020. And the role of MDT in the treatment of complex cholestatic liver injury after liver transplantation was summarized. Results The patient presented with abnormal liver function after liver transplantation. The diagnosis of biliary stricture, rejection and biliary tract infection was confirmed successively. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) stent internal and external double drainage, glucocorticoid shock and anti-infection therapy yielded low clinical efficacy. After MDT consultation, complex cholestatic liver injury after liver transplantation was confirmed. It was suggested to optimize the immunosuppressive regimen based on the exclusion of rejections by pathological examination, deliver targeted anti-infection interventions and prevent the potential risk of concomitant drug-induced liver injury. The patient was discharged after proper recovery. Conclusions The causes of complex cholestatic liver injury after liver transplantation are diverse, and the condition changes dynamically. MDT consultation are performed to deepen the understanding of this disease, strengthen the classification of diagnosis and treatment ideas and enhance the precision and efficacy of corresponding treatment.

Objective To analyze the blood perfusion characteristics of retroperitoneal benign and malignant tumors by real-time contrast enhanced ultrasonography and discuss its value in the differential diagnosis.Methods The study involved 42 patients with pathological evidence through surgery or needle biopsy,including 12 patients with benign retroperitoneal tumors and 30 patients with malignant retroperitoneal tumors.The blood perfusion characteristics of two groups were observed under low mechanical index after the injection of contrast ultrasound agent(SonoVue),and the changes of twodimensional ultrasonography and the time-intensity curve(TIC)were analyzed. Results During real time contrast enhancement,the different characteristics of retroperitoneal benign and malignant tumors were observed.Malignant tumors in retro peritoneum presented the pattern of ultrasound contrast agent(UCA) enhancement from center to periphery and enhanced overall uneven mainly,begin tumors presented peripheral enhancement pattern or uniformity and overall strengthening of the main.TIC curve between benign and malignant tumors displayed that contrast enhanced intensity of region of interest(P＜0.00 1),ascending slop and halftime of descending were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusions Real-time contrast-enhanced ultrasonography is a valued method to provide information for the differential diagnosis in retroperitoneal benign and malignant tumors.

OBJECTIVE:To establish the quality standard of Ligularia fischeri. METHODS:TLC was used for qualitative identification of samples. The contents of moisture,ash and extract were determined. The content of ferulic acid in samples was determined by HPLC. The determination was performed on Waters SunFire C18column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid(13:87,V/V)at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 319 nm, and column temperature was 30 ℃. The sample size was 10 μL. RESULTS:TLC spots were clear and well-separated without interference from genitive control. The moisture,total ash,acid-insoluble ash and extract of samples were 7.6%-9.4%, 11.7%-19.6%,5.9%-14.1% and 25.4%-37.5%,respectively. The linear range of ferulic acid were 0.021 2-0.636 8 μg(r=0.999 9). limited of quantation was 2.25 ng,the limited of detection was 0.75 ng. RSDs of intermediate precision, reproducibility and stability tests were all lower than 3.0%. The recoveries ranged 97.81%-100.59%(RSD=1.02%,n=9). CONCLUSIONS:The moisture,total ash and acid-insoluble ash of samples are no more than 10.0%,19.0%,12.0%;the extract and the content of ferulic acid are no less than 25.0% and 0.1%. Established standard can provide reference for quality control of L. fischeri.