Atherosclerosis has been considered as one of inflammatory disease. Besides its action on vasomotor tone regulation, nitric oxide (NO) is recognized to be an anti-inflammatory molecule. The anti-inflammatory effects of NO are attributable to inhibition of nuclear factor kappa B activation.

ObjectiveTo assess negative risk factors associate with short-term and long-term poor outcome of acute heart failure syndromes(AHFS) and provide evidence to emergently proceed to AHFS low risk stratification.Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted. 125 AHFS patients who met research criterion were enrolled from Guangxi Baise People's Hospital and Youjiang District People's Hospital of Baise City. The patients were divided into poor outcome and relatively low-risk groups by the results of short- and long-term follow-up of their outcomes. The patient's vital signs and disease history were collected at the first time after admission, and auxillary examination parameters were recorded. The poor outcomes occurring in the follow-up periods from the admission to after discharge for 30 days(short-term) and 1 year(long-term)were recorded, and Cox hazard regression was used to analyze the negative risk factor in the short- and long-term.Results There were 58 cases(46.4%)with poor outcome and 30 cases(24.0%)dead in short-term, and there were 111 cases(88.8%) with poor outcome and 39 cases(31.2%) dead in the long-term follow up. Seven negative risk factors were identified by Cox regression. They were no previous or de novo myocardial infarction〔short-term: hazard ratio(HR)=0.36, 95% confidence interval (95%CI)=0.20-0.65,P=0.001〕, lymphocyte ratio 0.20-0.40(short-term:HR=0.13, 95%CI=0.04-0.47, P=0.002; long-term:HR=0.42, 95%CI=0.26-0.68,P=0.001),oxygenation index(PaO2/FiO2)>300 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa,short-term:HR=0.23, 95%CI=0.09-0.54,P=0.001),estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)>60 mL·min-1·1.73 m-2(short-term:HR=0.31, 95%CI=0.16-0.64,P=0.002;long-term:HR=0.54, 95%CI=0.36-0.83,P=0.004),left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)>0.50(short-term:HR=0.29, 95%CI= 0.10-0.85,P=0.024), P wave terminal force in lead V1(PtfV1)>-0.04 mm·s(short-term:HR=0.29, 95%CI= 0.14-0.60,P=0.001), planar QRS-T angle<90°(long-term:HR=0.46, 95%CI=0.27-0.77,P=0.003). ConclusionsOur patients with AHFS cohort have very poor outcomes both in short-term and long-term follow up. Those with the following characteristics: no previous or de novo myocardial fraction, lymphocyte ratio 0.20-0.40, PaO2/FiO2>300 mmHg, eGFR>60 mL·min-1·1.73 m-2, PtfV1>-0.04 mm·s, LVEF>0.50 and planar QRS-T angle<90°are more likely to have optimal short-term and long-term outcome.

Objective To compare the effects of equivalent dose of sufentanil and fentanyl on wake-up test and recovery profile in scoliosis surgery. Methods Forty ASAⅠ-Ⅱadolescents undergoing scoliosis surgery were randomly divided into fentanyl group (group F,n=20) and sufentanil group(group S,n=20). Anesthesia was maintained with low-flow(1 L/min) inhalation of isoflurane and nitrous oxide (O2∶N2O=1∶1) in both groups. Intermittent i.v. boluses (1～1.5 ?g/kg) of fentanyl was used for analgesia in group F, and total dosage was not more than 5?g/kg when the wake-up test was started. Continuous infusion of sufentanil [0.1～0.2 ?g/(kg?h)] was maintained in group S, and total dosage was less than 1 ?g/kg when the wake-up test was started. The wake-up test time, postoperative recovery time, end-tidal isoflurane concentration(ETiso) and other hemodynamic variables during operation were recorded. Results There was no significant difference in the wake-up test time, postoperative recovery time, bucking and/or restlessness during the wake-up test, PCA morphine dosage and PONV between the two groups. Conclusion Properly administration of sufentanil does not prolong the intraoperative wake-up test time so that it can safely be used in scoliosis surgery.

Objective To investigate the effects of oligochitosan on the humoral and cellular immunity in mice.Methods Divided the mice into four groups,test groups were given ip oligochitosan at doses of 60,120,240 mg?kg~(-1) for 14 days and the control group was given(0.9%) NS. The number of haemolytic empty spots,the level of serum hemolysin,the transform rate of T lymphocytes induced by ConA,delayed hypersensitivity were measured.Results Compared with the control group,indices including the number of haemolytic empty spots,the level of serum hemolysin,the transform rate of T lymphocytes induced by ConA,spleen ratio,ears swelling degree increased obviously in the dose of 120mg?kg~(-1) after two weeks of treatment.Conclusion Proper dose of oligochitosan can enhance the specific humoral and cellular immunity in mice.

AIM: To study the impacts of the myocardial connexin 43 degradation on conduction velocity during acute myocardial ischemia. METHODS: Studies were carried out in 16 dogs which were randomly divided into control group( n= 4) and ischemia group( n= 12). The acute myocardial ischemia was induced by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. The conduction velocity of ischemic myocardium was determined. The content of Cx43 of the ischemic myocardium was examined by laser confocal microscopy with a double-label immunohistochemistry technique. RESULTS: (1)The Cx43 degraded rapidly during acute myocardial ischemia, and the conduction velocity of ischemic myocardium declined greatly; (2)The conduction velocity correlated positively with the Cx43 pixel density in each small region of ischemic myocardium; (3) The Cx43 pixel density decreased over 50% in the region which occuring permanent conduction block. CONCLUSION: These data suggest the degradation of Cx43 decreases the conduction velocity greatly during acute short time myocardial ischemia, and severe degradation of Cx43 would lead to permanent conduction block.

Objective To study the gender differences in echocardiography in essential hypertensives. Methods Echocardiography measurement was performed in 108 subjects with Grade 1-2 essential hypertension (52 in female patient group, PGf, and 56 in male patient group, PGm). Forty two normotensive subjects (20 in female control group, CGf, and 22 in male control group, CGm) were as controls.Data were obtained by averaging measurements of the traced heart chambers and velocity curves in 5 cardiac cycles. Results Compared with PGm, the following echocardiographic features in PGf were showed:LAID (37.24±5.88 vs 32.14±3.80)mm,P＜0.01] and MVa[(84.18±12.13 vs 81.71±12.30)cm/s, P＜0. 05] were greater; LVMI [ ( 119.26 ± 22.33 vs 128.17 ± 27.00 ) g/m2 , P＜0. 05], EF ( 75.13 % ±6.69% vs 83.00% ±3.68%,P＜0. 01), FS (41.67% ±7.99%0 vs 49.03% ± 7.35%, P＜0.01), MVe[(68. 28±8.66 vs 73. 73±11.46)cm/s, P＜0. 05] and MVe/a(0.83±0. 08 vs 0. 93±0.11, P＜0.01)were lower. The differences between CGf and CGm were not significant. Conclusion There are echocardiographic differences between sexes in hypertensives including cardiac structural and functional changes. Hypertensive woman is more susceptible to both cardiac structure damage and cardiac dysfunction.

An ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q-TOF-MS)-based chemical analytic technology was used to evaluate the chemical constitution of Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata in the process of decocting, so as to provide a scientific basis for processing Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata.

Objective To investigate whether apolipoprotein E (ApoE) genotypes is associated with postoperative delirium in aged noncardiac surgical patients. Methods Two hundreds and twelve inpatients over 65y, undergoing selective noncardiac surgeries were enrolled in the study. The patients were frequently interviewed and evaluated prospectively for delirium with the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) during the first three postoperative days. APOE genotype was determined using multiplex amplification refractory mutation system pelymerase chain reaction (multi-ARMS PCR) technique. Results Delirium occurred in 45 patients during the first three postoperative days. Of the 212 patients, 18 (8.5%) possessed one or two ApoE 84 allele. There was no significant difference between delirious patients and non-delirious patients(6.7% : 9.0%, P >0.05) in the presence of ApoE ε4 allele. In all four ApoE ε4/4 homozygote patients, one female patient presented a transient delirium status three days be-fore surgery, another male patient presented serious fluctuated delirium symptoms from the second to 17th days after operation. Conclusion The presence of ApoE ε4 allele seems not a predictator of postoperative delirium. ApoE ε4/4 homozygote patients may be more indulgent to delirium than others.

To evaluate whether Shenfu injection (SFI) protects against cardiac myocyte injury induced by Fupian injection (FPI) in vitro.

OBJECTIVE Tostudythehepatotoxicityofveratrinehydrochloride(VH)anditsmecha-nismoninductionofapoptosisinvitro.METHODS HepG2cellswereexposedtoVH0.1-0.6g·L-1 for 24 h,cell viability was examined by CCK-8 assay,and the morphologic changes in HepG2 cells were quantified.After the treatment with VH 0.1 -0.5 g·L-1 for 24 h,cell membrane injury was examined by detecting the release rate of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH).The effect on reactive oxygen species (ROS),mitochondrial membrane potential and apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry.The mRNA expression of p53,Bax,cytochrome c,caspase 9,caspase 3 was evaluated by real-time PCR. RESULTS HepG2cellviabilitywassignificantlyreducedfollowingexposuretoVH0.1-0.5g·L-1. The IC50 value was 0.4 g·L-1 .The 95%confidence limit was 0.2558-0.6965 g·L-1 .The LDH release rate,ROS and apoptosis rate of HepG2 cells were significantly increased after exposure to VH 0.1 -0.5 g·L-1 for 24 h (P<0.05,P<0.01 ),and the mitochondrial membrane potential markedly declined (P<0.05,P<0.01 ).The expression of p53,Bax,cytochrome c,caspase 9 and caspase 3 was increased(P<0.05,P<0.01).CONCLUSION VHhascytotoxicpotential.Damagetocell me mbrane and mitochondria and initiation of apoptosis-related genes of caspase 9 and caspase 3 mRNA expression may be the mechanis m of apoptosis.