Objective To observe the effects of butylphthalide on the expression of autophagy-related protein and mRNA in l-meth-yl-4-phenyl-pyridiniumion (MPP+)-induced SH-SY5Y cells, and to explore the protective effect and possible mechanism of butylphthalide to the cell model of Parkinson's disease. Methods The SH-SY5Y cells were divided into control group (A), MPP+group (B), rapamycin pre-treated+MPP+group (C) and Butylphthalide pretreated+MPP+group (D). The relative viability of SH-SY5Y cells induced by MPP+was measured with MTT assay, the morphology of SH-SY5Y cells was observed. The expression of microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3)-II/I and Beclin 1 protein was detected by Western blotting. And the expression of LC3-II/I and Beclin 1 mRNA were assayed by re-al-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR). Results The viability rates of cells were significantly lower in group B than in group A (t=20.270, P<0.001), and were significantly higher in groups C and D than in group B (t>8.770, P<0.001), however, there was no significantly difference between groups C and D (t=2.270, P=0.064). The expression of LC3-II/I and Beclin 1 was higher in group B than in group A (t>6.647, P<0.01), and was higher in groups C and D than in group B (t>3.630, P<0.01), however, there was no significantly differ-ence between groups C and D (t<2.238, P≥0.05). Conclusion Butylphthalide could prevent the injury of SH-SY5Y cells induced by MPP+, which may affect Parkinson's disease by inducing autophagy.

Objective To investigate the distribution of human thyroid stimulation hormone(hTSH) in dried venous blood spots of neonatal screening for congenital hypothyroidism in Guilin ,and establish the hTSH cut‐off value for neonatal screening .Methods We selected 101 817 cases of neonatals with the local household registration from January 2011 to December 2013 ,and collected their venous blood to be made into dried venous blood spots on filter paper ,then the hTSH levels in dried blood spots were deter‐mined for congenital hypothyroidism ,According to screening results ,using the percentile method to calculate the hTSH P50 ,P99 of all the normal neonatals and neonatals that born in different quarters .Results Among 101 817 neonatals who were screened ,101 746 cases of normal neonatals ,71 cases of patients(including 47 cases of patients with CH ,24 cases of patients with high hTSH hy‐perlipidemia) ,the hTSH levels of normal neonatals showing a skewed distribution ,P50 ,P99 were 2 .45 μU/mL ,9 .86 μU/mL .the hTSH levels of the neonatal who were born in different quarters was changed with the change in the quarter ,P50 ,P99 were 2 .15μU/mL ,9 .20 μU/mL in The Spring ;P50 ,P99 were 1 .97 μU/mL ,8 .38 μU/mL in the summer ;P50 ,P99 were 2 .67 μU/mL ,10 .43μU/mL in the autumn ;P50 ,P99 were 2 .90μU/mL ,11 .15μU/mL in the winter .Through the analysis ,although the hTSH cut‐off of capillary blood spots that was used in the local center could be applied to dried venous blood spots ,but not ideal cut‐off value .Even‐tually ,the hTSH P99 9 .20μU /mL in the spring was identified as cut‐off value of dried venous blood spots for routine screening la‐boratory ,which had a sensitivity of 100 .00% ,a specificity of 36 .80% ,the diagnosis rate of 38 .96% ,and no missed phenomena .For the better service ,the hTSH value in the range of 9 .20-20 .00 μU/mL was defined as the boundary region ,and it was the danger region when the hTSH value was higher than 20 .00 μU/mL .Conclusion It is necessary to establish a reasonable hTSH cut‐off value to provide objective evidence for the use of dried venous blood spots of neonatal screening for congenital hypothyroidism ,ac‐cording to the boundary region and the danger region ,the recall chosen a different way ,the development of neonatal screening can be effectively promoted .

To explore the therapeutic effect of micro-traumatic surgery of loose seton and cutting seton by rubber bands in the treatment of high anorectal fistulae.Application of cutting seton (truss rubber bands) implemented the high part of fistulae and loose seton (ligation rubber band but non-fastened) for the low part of fistulae.133/136 patients undergoing micro-traumatic surgery were cured by one operation,2 cases had pseudo-healing and there was 1 recurrent case.And the curative rate was 97.8％.The microtraumatic surgery of loose seton and cutting seton by rubber bands in the treatment of high anorectal fistula has such multiple advantages as small incision,minor trauma,lesser pain,faster healing and a shorter course of treatment.And it may preserve the proper anal function and the integrity of anal skin.And its clinical efficacy is satisfactory.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of ulinastatin(UT) conjoined to high flow continuous blood purification( CBP) in the critical patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome(MODS). To evaluate the therapeutic potential of UT and CBP in systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) , severe sepsis( SS) , acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Method A total of 122 cases of emergency and critical patients with a score of more than 15 counted up from APACHE H (acute physiology and chronic health evaluation 11 ) were randomly divided into Ulinastatin treatment group (UT group, n = 35) .continuous blood pu-rification(CBP group, n = 31),UT plus CBP (combine group, n = 30) and routine treatment group (control group, n =26). Routine treatment was given to patients of all groups, and patients of UT group had Ulinastatin 0.4 MIU given intravenously every 8 hours for 7 days in addition. Patients of CBP group were managed with continuous blood purification round the clock for 7 days and those of combine group were treated with UT plus CBP for 7 days.The efficacy of the treatment in four groups was assessed,and serum high sensivity reactive protein(hs-CRP) and IL-6 levels were measured on admission and comparison was made between values of biomarkers taken before and 1 d,3 d,and 7 d after treatment in four groups. The changes in WBCs,arterial gas analysis and the oxygena-tion index PaO2/FiO2 were checked, and at the same time, the APACHE II values and the incidence of MODS were compared within four groups. Results (1)One, three and seven days after treatment the plasma hs-CRP and IL-6 levels in UT and CBP groups were reduced significantly more than those in control group ( P < 0. 05), and in combine groups those were more dramatically lowered ( P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Before treatment there was no significance diffience in those values between groups, and there was on diffience in those values between 3 rd day and 7 th day after treatment ( P > 0.05). (2) The 1 st,3 rd and 7 th day after treatment the arterial gas PaO2/FiO2 index in UT and CBP groups was improved more than that in control group ( P < 0.05) , and it in combine group was most significant improved (P < 0.05,P < 0.01). The ALT and creatinine were lower than those in control group ( P < 0.05), and there were no significant differences in ALT and creatinine between groups before treatment (P > 0.05). (3) The 1 st,3 rd and 7th day afer treatment,the APACHE II values in UT and CBP groups were decreased more than those in control group ( P < 0. 05) , and therefore, the incidence of MODS was lower ( P < 0.05). Conclusions Ulinastatin could significantly inhibit the production of inflammatory cytokines and CBP could effectively eliminate inflammatory factors from blood, and the combination of these two approaches produce a more effective therapeutic potential for preventing MODS development.

Objective To evaluate the effects of fluid resuscitation and large-volume hemofiltration (HVHF) on the Alveolar-arterial oxygen exchange in patients with refractory septic shock. Method A total of 89 intensive care patients with refractory septic shock treated with fluid resuscitation and/or HVHF were enrolled between August 2006 and December 2009. All the patients were randomly divided into two groups. In group A, patients were treated with fluid resuscitation, n = 41 cases) and in group B, patients were treated with large-volume hemofiltration and fluid resuscitation, n =48). The O2 content of central venous blood(CcvO2), arterial oxygen content (CaO2), Alveolar-arterial oxygen pressure difference (P(A-a)DO2), the ratio of arterial oxygen pressure/alveolar oxygen pressure (PaO2/PAO2), respiratory index (RI) and oxygenation index (OI) were checked. The levels of oxygen exchange in two groups were detected by arterial blood gas analysis before treatnent, 24 hour, 72 hour and 7 days after treatment. The APACHE Ⅱ scores in patients with refractory septic shock were measured before and the 7th day after treatment with HVHF and/or fluid resuscitation respectively. Data were analyzed by using t -test and chi-square test to compare the differences and ratio between two groups and were expressed in mean ± standard deviation, and the analysis of variance was done with SPSS version 12.0 software. Results ① The differences in CcvO2 and CaO2 between two groups were[(0.60±0.24) vs. (0.72±-0.28), P ＜0.05 and (0.84±0.43) vs. (0.94±0.46), P ＜0.05]; and the oxygen extraction rates (O2ER) were significantly different between two groups [(28.7±2.4) vs. (21.7±3.4), P<0.01];② The levels of P(A-a)DO2、ratio of PaO2/PAO2、RI and OI in group B were reduced more significantly than in group A (P<0.05 or P<0.01);③The APACHE Ⅱ scores in both groups were gradually reduced after treatment for 7 days, and the APACHE Ⅱscore in group B on the 7th day of treatment were lower than that in group A[(17.2 ± 6.8) vs. (8.2 ± 3.8), P ＜ 0.01]. Conclusions Fluid resuscitation and HVHF could improve alveolar-arterial-oxygen exchange in patients with refractory septic shock, and at the same time decreased the APACHE Ⅱ scores, improving the survival rate of patients.

Objective To identify the incidence and risk factors of gastrointestinal bleeding in patients supported with mechanical ventilation over 48 hours. Method A total of 127 ICU patients supported with mechanical ventilation for over 48 hours were enrolled from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2008 for the retrospective study. Exclusion criteria included the history of gastrointestinal bleeding and ulcer, recent gastrointestinal surgery, brain death and active bleeding from nose or throat. Demographics of patients including age, diagnosis at admission, duration of ICU stay, duration of mechanical ventilation, pattern and parameters of ventilation, ICU mortality, A-PACHE II score, multiple organ dysfunction score, and the results of biochemical assays including renal, hepatic and coagulation functions were recorded. Risk factors of gastrointestinal bleeding were analyzed by using univariate analysis And multiple logistic-regression analysis. Results Of the 127 patients, the incidence of gastrointestinal bleeding was 41.7% . and among them 3.9% patients suffered from clinically significant bleeding. However, the independent risk factors of gastrointestinal bleeding were the peak inspiratory pressure > 30 cmH20 (RR = 3.73, 95% CI = 1.59-9.46), renal failure (RR = 1.16,95% CI = 1.02 - 2.32), PLT count <50× 109 L-1(RR = 2.67, 95% CI = 1.32 - 15.78) and prolonged APTT (RR = 4.58, 95%CI = 2.32 - 12.96). The good entetal nutrition had a beneficial effect to the avoidance of gastrointestinal bleeding ( RR = 0.30, 95% CI = 0. 13 - 0.67). Conclusions The incidence of gastrointestinal bleeding is high in patients supported with mechanical ventilation, and the bleeding usually occurs within the first 48 hours. High pressure ventilator setting, renal failure, decreased PLT count and prolonged APTT are significant risk factors of gastrointestinal bleeding. However, the good enteral nutrition is the independent protective factors.

Implant surface modified coating can improve its osteoinductivity, about which simple calcium phosphate coating has been extensively studied. But it has slow osteointegration speed and poor antibacterial property, while other metal ions added, such as nano zinc ion, can compensate for these deficiencies. This paper describes the incorporation form, the effect on physical and chemical properties of the material and the antibacterial property of nano zinc, and summarizes the material's biological property given by calcium ion, zinc ion and inorganic phosphate (Pi), mainly focusing on the influence of these three inorganic ions on osteoblast proliferation, differentiation, protein synthesis and matrix mineralization in order to present the positive function of zinc doped calcium phosphate in the field of bone formation.
Biocompatible Materials ; Calcium ; Calcium Phosphates ; chemistry ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Proliferation ; Humans ; Ions ; Metal Nanoparticles ; chemistry ; Osteoblasts ; cytology ; Osteogenesis ; Phosphates ; chemistry ; Zinc ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo study the expression of EpCAM and E-cadherin in papillary thyroid carcinoma and to analyze its correlation with various clinicopathologic parameters.

METHODSImmunohistochemical study for EpCAM and E-cadherin was carried out in 91 cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Twenty-four cases of papillary hyperplasia of thyroid were used as controls.

RESULTSIn all of the 24 cases of papillary hyperplasia, EpCAM was located on the cell membrane, while in the 91 cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma studied, EpCAM was located within the cytoplasm, with 36.3% (33/91) showing nuclear localization as well. In all the papillary hyperplasia cases studied, E-cadherin showed membranous expression. E-cadherin expression was reduced in 84.6% (77/91) of papillary thyroid carcinoma, as compared with the surrounding native thyroid parenchyma. Amongst the 33 cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma which showed nuclear localization of EpCAM, 30 cases also showed reduced E-cadherin expression. There was a positive correlation between nuclear expression of EpCAM and loss of E-cadherin expression (P = 0.000; Spearman correlation coefficient = 0.857). Nuclear expression of EpCAM correlated with follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma and presence of extrathyroidal extension ( P = 0.037 and 0.033, respectively). Loss of E-cadherin expression correlated with age of patients and presence of lymph node metastasis (P = 0.018 and 0.010, respectively).

CONCLUSIONSE-cadherin expression is reduced in papillary thyroid carcinoma, as compared with native thyroid parenchyma and papillary hyperplasia. Papillary thyroid carcinoma shows loss of EpCAM membranous expression and increased cytoplasmic/nuclear accumulation. Detection of these two markers may provide a valuable reference in defining the biologic behaviors of papillary thyroid carcinoma, including extrathyroidal extension and lymph node metastasis.

Antigens, Neoplasm ; metabolism ; Cadherins ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; metabolism ; secondary ; Cell Adhesion Molecules ; metabolism ; Cell Membrane ; metabolism ; Cytoplasm ; metabolism ; Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Neoplasm Proteins ; metabolism ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology

Objectives To investigate the binding of natural IgM to Staphylococcus aureus and its role in the phagocytosis of S. aureus by phagocytes, and to pave way for further study on the role and mechanism of natural IgM in defense of bacteria. Methods The binding of natural antikeratin IgM 3B4 to S. aureus was analyzed by ELISA and indirect immunoiluorescence. The role of 3B4 in the phagocytosis was analyzed by colony forming assay and flow cytometry (FCM). Results Both ELISA and indirect immunofluorescence proved the binding of natural IgM 3B4 to S. aureus. Colony forming assay found that the amount of colony forming units decreased significantly when 3B4 was added. The analysis of FCM showed that 3B4 augmented phagocytosis of 5. aureus by phagocytes. Conclusions Natural antikeratin IgM 3B4 can bind to S. aureus and regulate the phagocytosis of it, indicating that natural IgM may play some role in the defense against bacterial infection.

BACKGROUND:Numerous studies have shown that local lumbar stenosis can cause immunological abnormalities and local chronic inflammation, which is the main cause of pain. At present, studies on inflammatory factors and lumbar spinal stenosis mainly focused on intervertebral discs, facet joint and ligamenta flava. No reports addressed the relationship between inflammatory factor in vein of lumbar spinal canal and lumbar spinal stenosis. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the correlation of serum interleukin-1αand tumor necrosis factor-αlevels with lumbar spinal stenosis. METHODS:A total of 51 patients with lumbar spinal stenosis or lumbar vertebral burst fracture, who underwent posterior lumbar decompression in the Department of Spine Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University in China from September 2011 to December 2013, were enrol ed in this study. Visual analogue scale score of low back pain and Oswestry disability index were evaluated before treatment. Peripheral vein blood and venous blood in the vertebral canal were col ected from patients with lumbar spinal stenosis or lumbar vertebral burst fracture. The concentrations of serum interleukin-1αand tumor necrosis factor-αwere determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The concentration of interleukin-1αin degenerative lumbar stenosis group was significantly higher than that in the lumbar burst fracture group and peripheral veins (P<0.05). The more segments of lumbar spinal stenosis, the higher the venous serum interleukin-1αlevels were in the degenerative lumbar stenosis group, but the statistical difference was not significant. Linear correlation analysis results displayed that interleukin-1αlevels were positively associated with low back pain and disability scores in the degenerative lumbar stenosis group (r2=0.359 3, P<0.05;r2=0.526 4, P<0.05). These results indicated that the lumbar spinal venous inflammatory factors may be one of the reasons of low back pain and dysfunction in patients with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis.