Objective To investigate the effects of ketamine preconditioning on the expression of induced nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)mRNA after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury induced by cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB)in patients with congenital heart disease(CHD).Methods Thirty-six patients with atrial or ventrieular septal defect were randomly allocated to 3 groups(n=12):control group and ketamine preconditioning group(K1 group,K2 group).Ketamine 0.5 mg/kg and 1.0 mg/kg,were injected at the time of sternum splitted,aorta intubated and before 5 minutes of aorta clamped off intravenously.Collected the myocardium at the time of superior vena cava intubated(T1),30 minutes after aorta clamped on(T2)and 30 minutes after aorta clamped off(T3).Detected the value of iNOS mRNA in myocardium by one-step real time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR.Results The levels of iNOS mRNA were significantly increased at T2 and T3 as compared with T1 in the three groups,and were significantly lower both in K1 group(2.33±0.31,3.76±0.61)and K2 group(1.92±0.12,3.12±0.39)than those in control group(2.85±0.48,4.49±0.86)(P＜0.01 or ＜0.05).Furthermore,they were lower in K2 group than those in K1 group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Ketamine can significantly decrease iNOS mRNA in myocardium,and decrease the plasma marker of cardiac muscle injury,it shows dose dependent.

Objective To investigate the protective effects of pretreatment with low-dose ketamine on intestinal mueosa against ischemia-reperfasion injury (I/R) and the underlying mechanism. Methods Forty-eight male SD rats weighing 230-270 g were randomly divided into 6 groups (n = 8 each) : group Ⅰ sham operation (S) ;group Ⅱ ketamine + sham operation (KS);group Ⅲ l/R;group Ⅳ ketamine + I/R (K);groupⅤ ketamine + ZnPPⅨ + I/R (KZ) and group Ⅵ ZnPPⅨ + I/R. Ketaminc 10 mg/kg and/or ZnPPⅨ 5 mg/kg were injected intraperitoneally 30 min before I/R in group Ⅳ, Ⅴ and Ⅵ. Intestinal I/R was produced by clamping of superior mesentery artery for 1 h followed by 6 h reperfusion. The animals were then killed and a segment of small intestine of 2 cm in length at about 10 cm from ileocecal valve was removed for determination of MDA content and SOD activity, HO-1 and iNOS expression and histological examination. The degree of intestinal tissue damage was graded using Chiu's scoring system (0 = normal, 5 = severe damage-exfoliation of villi, disruption of proper lamina, bleeding and ulceration). Results Intestinal MDA content was significantly increased, SOD activity was decreased and HO-1 and iNOS expression was significantly up-regulated by I/R (group Ⅲ) as compared with group Ⅰ and Ⅱ . Ketamine pretreatment significantly attenuated I/R-induced increase in MDA content and decrease in SOD activity and the protective effects of ketamine against I/R were counteracted by concomitant asministration of ZnPPⅨ. Microscopic examination showed that the pathological changes induced by I/R were significantly attenuated by ketamine and the protective effects of ketamine pretreatment against I/R were reversed by ZnPPⅨ in group Ⅴ. Conclusion Low-dose ketamine pretreatment can significantly ameliorate intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury and up-regulation of intestinal HO-1 expression and down-regulation of iNOS are involved in the mechanism.

Objective To invetigate the clinical effect of Guyouling Liniment in the treatment of soft tissue contusion.Methods Sixty-three cases of soft tissue contusion in our hospital from October 2012 to January 2014 were selected and divided into the treatment group (n=32)and control group(n=31).The treatment group were treated with Guyouling Liniment and the control group adopted Indomethacin Liniment.The effects were compared between the two groups.Results Twenty-six cases(81.13％) in the treatment group were cured and 30 cases (93.75％) were effective;23 cases(74.19％) in the control group were cured and 27 cases (87.10％) were effective.The clinical effect of the treatment group was better than that of the control group with statistical difference(P＜0.05).Compared with the control group,the pain degree and stasis purple area in the treatment group were significantly alleviated,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion Guyouling Liniment has significant effect in the treatment of soft tissue contusion and is worthy of clinical promotion.

Objective To evaluate the value of technetium-99m methoxy isobutyl isonitrile (99Tcm-MIBI)tomography and integrated CT in preoperative localization diagnosis of secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT).Methods 28 patients with SHPT were selected.15 minutes and 90 minutes (delayed images)after intravenous administration of 99Tcm-MIBI 370 MBq,static anterior planar images of the neck and chest were obtained.99Tcm-MIBI tomography and integrated CT scan were acquired after the delayed imaging.The imaging findings were compared to the pathological results.Results The detection rate of SHPT lesions by 99Tcm-MIBI dua-phase imaging and 99Tcm-MIBI tomography and registration with integrated CT scan was 53.3％ and 70.7％ respectively.The difference had statistical significance(X2 =5.903,P＜0.05).The fusion imaging with integrated CT can provide detailed anatomy data and more information for surgical doctors.Conclusion 99Tcm-MIBI tomography and registration with integrated CT scan can improve the detection rate of SHPT compared with 99Tcm-MIBI dua-phase imaging,provide more detailed anatomy data,and has high clinical value in preoperative localization and diagnosis of SHPT.

Objective To investigate the effect of dendritic cells(DC)pulsed with tumor lysate antigens of K562/A02 co-cultured with cytokine induced killer(CIK)cells on cytotoxicity against multidrug resistant(MDR)leukemia K562/A02 cells with high expression of p-glycoprotein(P-gp).Methods Bone marrow mononuclear cells isolated from healthy adult donors were induced to obtain CIK cells and DC respectively and then CIK were co-cultured with DCs which were pulsed with tumor lysate.The morphologic features were observed with optical microscopy and expressions of markers typical were measured using flow cytometry.The cytotoxicity of three effect cells was measured with MTT assay respectively.Results After pulsing DCs with tumor lysate antigens co-cultured CIK or DC-CIK led to a significant increase of lymphocyte proliferation of both populations.The cytotoxicity of CIK co-culturing with DCs pulsed with tumor lysate antigens to K562/A02 and K562 cells was(42.90?0.67)%、(49.85?0.28)%(63.36?0.46)% and(23.56 ?0.43)%、(26.11?0.34)%、(34.46?0.35)% respectively at an effector-to-target ratio of(5∶1、 10∶1 、20∶1).Conclusion This study indicates that DC pulsed with tumor lysate antigens co-cultured with CIK can improve lymphocyte proliferation and enhance the cytotoxic activity.Especially,it can induce a P-gp specific anti-leukemic immune.

0.05) while the active-rosette rate of T lymphocyte was markedly declined(P0.05). Yeast rosette rate of RBC C_3b receptor, as an active index of immunity of RBC, can serve as an indicator of patient's immune fuction and also can be reference for judging treatment effect and prognosis of a disease just as active rosette rate of T lymphocyte can do.

Objective To investigate the correlation about the quantitative test result of 13C-urea breath test(13C-UBT) with the quantity of Helicobacter pylori( H.pylori) and the degree of gastric mucosal inflammation.Methods 13 C-UBT was tested in the children with upper gastrointestinal symptoms.Ninety-five cases of the children with positive result (DOBδ‰ ≥4.0) underwent endoscopy and gastroscopic biopsy.The correlation was analyzed between the result of the 13 C-UBT and the severity of gastric H.pylori infection and gastric mucosal inflammation.Results There were significant differences about DOB values between the group with severe gastric H.pylori infection and the group with mild to moderate infection ( P ＜ 0.05 ),the same result was observed between the group with severe gastric mucosal inflammation and the group with mild to moderate inflammation( P ＜ 0.05 ).There was certain correlation between DOB value and the amount of gastric H.pylori colonization and mucosal inflammation.Conclusion The quantitative test result of 13C-UBT could indicate the number of gastric H.pylori colonization,but lack a precise quantitative relationship between them.There was positive correlation between the DOB values and the degree of gastric inflammation.

Objective To investigate the effect of postconditioning with propofol and ischemia on the hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. Methods Thirty male SD rats weighing 200-250 g were randomly divided into 5 groups of 6 animals each: group I sham operation (group S); groupⅡ I/R; group Ⅲ ischemic postconditioning (group IPC); group Ⅳ propofol postconditioning (group PPC) and group V IPC + PPC. In group Ⅱ-Ⅳ the hepatic arteries and veins of middle and left lobes were occluded for 1 h followed by 4 h reperfusion. Ischemia of the liver was confirmed by the color of the liver turning from red to gray. In group Ⅲ and Ⅴ the livers were subjected to six episodes of 10 s ischemia at 10 s intervals at the end of 1 h ischemia before 4 h reperfusion. In group Ⅳ and V 0.5 % propofol 10 mg/kg was given iv at the end of ischemia followed by propofol infusion at 40 mg·g~(-1) ·h~(-1). Blood samples were taken at the end of 4 h reperfusion for determination of serum ALT activity. Mean-while liver specimens were taken for electron microscopic examination and determination of MDA content and SOD activity. Results I/R significantly increased serum ALT activity and MDA content in the liver and decreased liver SOD activity in group Ⅱ . The I/R-induced changes were significantly attenuated by propofol and/or ischemic postconditioning in group Ⅲ ,Ⅱ and Ⅴ . I/R significantly increased Bel-2 and Bax protein expression in the liver cells. Propofol and/or ischemic postconditioning increased Bel-2 protein expression further but decreased Bax protein expression in group Ⅲ , Ⅳ and Ⅴ as compared with group Ⅱ (group I/R).Electron microscopic examination showed that the pathologic changes induced by I/R were less severe in group Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅴ than in group I/R. Conclusion Postconditioning with propofol and ischemia can reduce the hepatic I/R injury and the mechanism may be related to inhibition of lipid peroxidation and apoptosis, but the efficacy is the same as that of propofol postconditioning alone.

Objective To explore the prevalence of poor behaviors and factors among patients with type 2 diabetes in urban areas of Guangzhou.Method Self-designed questionnaire was conducted among 369 patients with type 2 diabetes and factors on poor behaviour were analysed by binany logistic regression.Results Among 369 subjects with type 2 diabetes,80 cases(21.7%)currently smoked,41(11.1%)currently used alcohol and 65(16.9%)were lack of physical activity in leisure time.Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that female,diabetes-related knowledge and health demands were significantly and negatively associated with smoking,alcohol use and the lack of physical activity; compared with unmarried cases,those who got married,divorced or loosed spouse significantly had the higher risk of smoking,one who got married had the lower risk of using alcohol; the cases with aged and high family income had the lower risk of lack of physical activity in leisure time.Conclusion There were a higher prevalence of poor lifestyle behaviors among these patients with type 2 diabetes,and there was a significant difference of the poor lifestyle behaviors in those with different characteristics,and the cases with good diabetes-related knowledge well encouraged them giving up the poor lifestyle behaviors.

Objective To detect the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2 ) in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and to investigate their clinical significance.Methods Resected tissue of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (observation group)and adjacent normal laryngeal mucosa ( control group) from 54 patients were collectod.Accooding to histological differentiation degreo,cervical lymph node metastasis,clinical TNM staging,EGFR and COX-2 were compared.Results The expression rate of EGFR in observation group [63.0％ (34/54)] was higher than that in control group [42.6％ (23/54)] (P ＜ 0.05 ).And COX-2 in observation group [68.5％(37/54)] was higher than that in control group [35.2％ (19/54)] (P ＜0.01).The expression of EGFR and COX-2 in observation group (0.584 ±0.136,0.561 ±0.134) were significantly higher than those in control group (0.161 ±0.045,0.114 ±0.027),respectively (P ＜0.01).The expression of EGFR and COX-2 had significant difference among histological differentiation degree,with or without cervical lymph node metastasis,different clinical TNM staging (P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01 ).Correlation analysis showed that the expression of EGFR and COX-2 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma had positive correlation (r =0.602,P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusions The expression of EGFR and COX-2 have some contribution to the incidence and development of laryngeal squamots cell carcinoma.They can be used for the different diagnosis of benign and malignant carcinoma,clinical staging and prognosis estimating.They have significant clinical values.