OBJECTIVE To discussion the risk factors of Acinetobacter baumannii infection in Burn ward.METHODS The A.baccmannii infection and risk factors were retrospectively reviewed.RESULTS 1326 strains were isolated of with 72 strains were A.baccmannii(5.43%) and showed serious antimicrobial.CONCLUSIONS The mult-drug resistance of A.baccmannii are high and showld be paid attention to.

Objective Ryanodine receptor (RyR) is one of the Ca2+ release channels on the intracellular Ca2+ stores. RyR induced-Ca2+ release is activated by the voltage-dependent Ca2+ entry, that is, calcium-induced calcium release (CICR). Intracellular free Ca2+ concentration (ECa2+]i) plays a key role on cochlear function. Our study is to investigate the differential expression of RyR in the developing rat cochlea, and to analyze the relationship between the expression of RyR and auditory functional development. Methods Immature SD rats, which were 1 day (P1), 5 days (P5), 10 days (P10), 14 days (P14), 28 days (P28) after parturition, and adutl rats(5 rats for each age) were included in the study. Frozen cochlea sectioning and immunofluorescence were applied to observe the differential expression of RyR. Results The RyR expression in the Corti's organ increased during the cochlear development. It's not significant that the stain was observed on the hair cells and supporting cells in the Corti's organ of P1 and P5 rats. The appearance of the Corti's organ of P10 rats trended to maturity. In P14 rats the RyR expression on hair cells located in the synaptic area against the afferent or efferent nerve, and the strain on supporting cells was extensive. There was little different between the strain on cochlea of P14 and P28 rats. In postmature rat spiral ganglion neurons (SGN), the RyR expression verged gradually from extensive whole cell soma to the synaptic area near to the plasma membrane. Conclusion The RyR expression peaked the 14th day after parturition, which was close to that in the mature cochlea. The time course of the RyR expression during the cochlear development was coincident with that of the auditory functional development. The RyR expression on both hair cells and SGNs located in the synaptic area near to the plasmolemma, implying that RyR induced-CICR was related to the auditory functions such as neurotransmission. Extensive RyR expression in the soma of SGNs at the early stage possibly involved in apoptosis of SGNs during neuron development.

Nanometer material have been widely used in a number of fields because of their diversified physical and chemical effects.Owing to their good biocompatibility,well targeting property and high bioavailability,they are considered as a good support for vaccine adjuvant.In short,it has a targeting function to specific parts,can improve the immunogenicity of new vaccine,avoid first-pass metabolism in the liver and then has less side effect.With these advantages,it has shown a proved potential application for disease control and treatment.So some unique properties of nano-materials are reviewed,with a look forward to the future of their application technology in the areas of and medicine.

OBJECTIVE:To discuss the working method for clinical pharmacists in the use of antibacterials in retinopathy surgical department. METHODS:The utilization of antibacterials in surgical department and the experience of the author in the use of antibacterials were analyzed. RESULTS & CONCLUSION:Clinical pharmacists can play an important role in the rational use antibacterials by participating in the perioperative use of antibacterials,treatment of infection cases,and sample collection etc in surgical department.

Fifty children with refractory idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (RITP) were treated with rituximab (n =26) or vincristine (n =24).The response rate,adverse reaction and recurrence rate in two groups were compared.The CD19 +/CD20 + B cells in peripheral blood were detected by flow cytometry in 26 patients before and after RITP treatment.The response rates of rituximab group was significantly higher than that of vincristine group ( 69.2％ vs. 37.5％,x2 =9.74,P ＜ 0.01 ). There was no significant difference in the rate of adverse reaction between two groups ( 11.5％ vs.8.3％,x2 =0.62,P ＞ 0.05 ).The recurrence rate of rituximab group ( 22.2％ ) was significantly lower than that of vincristine group (55.6％,x2 =7.24,P ＜ 0.05 ).In rituximab group the platelet count after treatment was significantly higher than that before treatment ( t =12.48,P ＜0.01 ),and the ratio of CD19 +/CD20 + B cells decreased significantly after treatment compare to that before treatment ( t =6.71,P ＜0.05 ).Rituximab is effective in treatment of refractory idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in children,which may be associated with decreased B cells in peripheral bloos.

Objective To investigate the effects of sinomenine on hind limb ischemia?reperfusion ( I∕R) injury and expression of Bcl?2 and Bax in skeletal muscle cells of rats. Methods Fifty?four healthy adult male Wistar rats, aged 6-8 weeks, weighing 180-220 g, were divided into 3 groups ( n=18 each) using a random number table: sham operation group ( group S) , group I∕R and sinomenine group ( group SIN) . The rats were subjected to 4 h of ischemia on the proximal part of the right hind limb using elastic rubber bands followed by reperfusion in I∕R and SIN groups. Sinomenine 60 mg∕kg was injected intraperito?neally at 30 min before reperfusion in group SIN, and the equal volume of normal saline was given instead of sinomenine at 30 min before reperfusion in S and I∕R groups. Immediately after onset of reperfusion and at 4 and 24 h of reperfusion, blood samples were collected from the cardiac apex to measure the concentra?tions of serum lactate dehydrogenase ( LDH) and creatine kinase ( CK) . The animals were sacrificed imme?diately after blood sampling, and the gastrocnemius specimens of the hind limb were immediately removed for determination of the wet to dry weight ratio ( W∕D ratio) and expression of Bcl?2 and Bax in gastrocnemi?us cells ( by immunohistochemistry) and for examination of the pathological changes after haematoxylin and eosin staining. The Bcl?2∕Bax ratio was calculated. Results Compared with group S, the gastrocnemius W∕D ratio and concentrations of serum LDH and CK were significantly increased, the expression of Bcl?2 was significantly down?regulated, the expression of Bax was significantly up?regulated, and the Bcl?2∕Bax
ratio was significantly decreased in I∕R and SIN groups ( P<0?05) . Compared with group I∕R, the gastroc?nemius W∕D ratio and concentrations of serum LDH and CK were significantly decreased, the expression of Bcl?2 was significantly up?regulated, the expression of Bax was significantly down?regulated, and the Bcl?2∕Bax ratio was significantly increased in group SIN ( P<0?05) . The pathological changes of the gastrocne?mius were significantly attenuated in group SIN as compared with group I∕R. Conclusion Sinomenine can attenuate hind limb I∕R injury, and the mechanism may be related to maintenance of the balance between Bcl?2 and Bax and to inhibition of apoptosis in skeletal muscle cells of rats.

Objective:To study the effects of panax notoginsenosides on the proliferation and oxidation indices of cisplatin-induced nephroxicity in HK-2 cells. Methods:HK-2 cells were cultured in vitro till the number was up to 1 × 106/ml. The cells were inoculated in 96-well culture plate and randomly divided into six groups:normal saline ( NS) group,the model group, the positive control group and the high dose group , medium dose group and low dose group of panax notoginsenosides ( PNS) . The nephroxicity model was dupli-cated with the addition of cisplatin (the final concentration was 6. 25μg·L-1). The model group, positive control group and the three panax notoginsenosides groups was treated with saline solutions, amifostine, panax notoginsenosides at the dose of 100,50 and 25 mg· L-1 , respectively. The cell viability was detected with an MTT method, the content of MDA and the activity of SOD, GSH-PX and LDH were measured and the cell structure was observed. DCFH-DA was used as the fluorescence probe to detect the level of ROS by a fluorescence microplate reader. Results:Compared with those in the model group, the cell viability and the activity of SOD and GSH-PX in the three PNS groups and the positive control group significantly increased (P<0. 05);the content of MDA, the level of ROS and the activity of LDH significantly decreased (P<0. 05); the cell structure was significantly improved. Conclusion: PNS can pro-mote the proliferation of HK-2 cells in vitro, and improve the biochemical parameters and enzyme levels. The results suggest that PNS has a protective effect on HK-2 cell,and the protective mechanisms may be related with its antioxidant effect.

0.05),but the t1/2 was longer and the AUC and the Cmax were lower in group B than in other groups(P

This study was aimed to evaluate effects of traditional Chinese medicine ( TCM ) five elements music therapy on the quality of life for both senior and non-senior advanced cancer patients , and improve TCM com-prehensive treatment mode . A total of 170 patients were stratified according to 70-year-old in a randomized controlled trial ( RCT ) with a parallel single-blind design . The ratio of patients among three groups was 2:2:1 . In the experimental group , TCM five elements music was given in the treatment . In the positive control group , western music was used in the treatment . And in the negative control group , no music was given in the treat-ment . The treatment was given for 30 min , 5 times per week . And the observation duration was 3 weeks . The Hospice Quality of Life Index-Revised ( HQOLI-R ) , Karnofsky Performance Scale ( KPS ) and Symptom Diary Score recorded by patients were used in the evaluation . The results showed that when comparing HQOLI-R , KPS and Symptom Diary Score before and after treatment among all advanced cancer patients in each group , there was a significant difference before and after treatment in the TCM five elements music therapy group ( P< 0 . 05 ) . But there was no significant difference before and after treatment in the western music therapy group or the negative control group ( P > 0 . 05 ) . It was concluded that TCM five elements music therapy is effective in improving quality of life and subjective symptoms for both senior and non-senior advanced cancer patients . However , the sensitivity of using the Symptom Diary Score as an evaluation index among senior patients still needs to be further proved .

Objective To investigate efficacy and effect on liver function of the experimental therapy with balloon catheter to block the main artery temporarily and then pressurize chemoembolization to treat hypovascular liver cancer. Methods Eighty patients with hypovascular liver cancer requiring interventional therapy were randomly divided into two groups.The experimental group was treated with the new therapy and the control group was treated with traditional therapy. The lipiodol-filling status and maximum diameter of the tumor was analyzed for a midterm outcome,and the change of AFP and liver function were evaluated.Mann-Whitney test was used for data between two groups,Friedman test was used for data of each group,and Spearman nonparameter relevant analysis was used for efficacy indexes.Results ( 1 ) All Patients have confirmed diagnosis of hypocvascular liver cancer and got balanced baseline. ( 2 ) Lipiodol-filling status:the clinical efficacy and benefit rates of patients from experimental group were higher than that from control group and showed statistically significant difference in 1,3,12 months (Z =-2.135,- 2.939,- 2.686 ; P =0.034,0.004,0.007 ),but no statistically significant difference in 6 month ( Z =- 1.170,P =0.242 ).The status of lipiodol-filling of experimental group ( x2 =2.593,P =0.459 ) was more stable than control group ( x2 =10.886,P =0.012).(3) Maximum diameter of the tumor:the clinical efficacy and benefit rates of patients from experimental group were higher than that from control group and showed statistically significant difference in 3,12 months ( Z =- 2.734,- 2.733 ; P =0.006,0.006),but no statistically significant difference in 1,6 month ( Z =- 1.692,- 1.895 ;P =0.091,0.058). But neither of two groups showed statistically significant difference in change of maximum diameter of the tumor ( x2 =5.500,P =0.139 ; x2 =6.509,P =0.089 ).Relation between lipiodol-filling and maximum diameter showed positive correlation in 3 month ( r =0.257,P =0.035 ). (4) Stratified analysis was used for data of AFP according to AFP value before therapy,and two groups showed no statistically significant difference for patients belonging to 20-1000 μg/L by Pearson Chi-square test. (5)Two groups showed no statistically significant difference for data of liver function before therapy and in 1,3,6months ( Z =- 1.073,- 1.314,-0.518,-0.549;P=0.308,0.189,0.604,0.583).Conclusions According to the midterm result of this experiment,the experimental therapy increased lipiodol-filling and decreased maximum diameter of the tumor significantly in 3 and 12 months correspondingly,but no significant difference was observed in AFP and liver function between groups yet. So the long-term efficacy and its influence to lung metastasis and survival rate need further research.