0.05,while the left ventricle weight index correlated with both leptin concentrations in the early phase of AMI with P0.05.CONCLUSION:Leptin is involved in the progress of AMI in the experimental SD rats.An increase in leptin level during AMI may signify myocardial deterioration.

Some managers and medical personnel in the institutions of maternal and child health were lack of ethical awareness.Their awareness about the protection of rights and interests of the subjects,informed consent,and research medical safety were not enough.There arised some ethical problems in reproductive medicine,prenatal diagnosis,new technology and new project review,and scientific research project application.Based on cause analysis,this paper put forward the corresponding countermeasures.Researchers should recognize the importance of medical research management and ethics review.It should strengthen the training of research ethics for hospital managers and researchers,meanwhile,strengthen the construction of ethics committee,strengthen the tracking and governance,and make good use of education and assessment measures,in order to promote the healthy development of maternal and child health medical research.

Objective: To study the expression of hepatocyte growth factor(HGF) in acute pulmonary embolism, and the diagnostic value of HGF thereof. Methods: The acute autoblood pulmonary thromboembolism was used to establish rat pulmonary embolism model. There were blood plasma HGF detection group,organization HGF mRNA detection group and control group respectively. The expressions of plasma HGF and organization HGF were observed during the different periods of acute pulmonary embolism. Results:The expression of HGF was much higher in blood plasma HGF detection group than that of control group at different time points(P ＜ 0.01). The expression of HGF mRNA increased in organization HGF detection group compared with that of control group at 12 h after pulmonary embolism(P ＜ 0.01). Conclusion: The expression of HGF increased in acute pulmonary embolism, which can be used as a diagnosis indicator in acute pulmonary embolism.

TeamSTEPPS(Team Strategies & Tools to Enhance Performance & Patient Safety)is an evidence-based set of teamwork tools,aimed at optimizing patient outcomes by improving communication and teamwork skills among health care professionals.It integrates teamwork skills with clinical practice to improve team performance in healthcare services and improve the quality of care effectively.The article introduces the TeamSTEPPS course and its clinical application.

TeamSTEPPS (team strategies and tools to enhance performance and patient safety) defines four core capabilities in teamwork which can be trained: leadership,situation monitoring,mutual support and communication.TeamSTEPPS is a successful medical team training project and its effectiveness has been proved.The application of TeamSTEPPS can provide a new teaching model for general practice training.

Objective To study the methodology and results of the auricle repair with expanded skin flap in mastoid process area and Medpor support in children with congenital malformation.Methods Thirty cases of congenital malformation were enrolled with age ranged from 5～16 years old.Whole auricles were all reconstructed with an expanded skin flap in mastoid process area and Medpor support.Resuits In all successful cases.their repaired auricles had the natural complexion and profile,and the positions were symmetric with healthy one,but in 2 cases(age group of 11-16 years),the expanded skin flap had less skin grafting.Conclusion It is suggested that optional operation time might be selected before 10 years old,because their psychological trauma could be avoided owing to microtia and in that age the size of the expanded flap is larger enough to reconstruct the ear as their auricle iS well-developed.

Objective By using mouse orthotopic lung transplant model, we investigated the immune mechanisms of an-ti-CD3 induced lung allograft protection .Our study intends to further dissect the features of lung transplant immunology and to provide a novel therapeutic insight for the clinical application of anti-CD3 mAbs after lung transplantation.Methods Murine orthotopic allogeneic lung transplants were performed in C57BL/6 wild type(WT) mice using major histocompatibility complex (MHC) fully mismatched BALB/c donors.Syngeneic transplants were also performed in WT C57BL/6 mice using C57BL/6 donors.For immunosuppressive therapy, allograft recipients received 50g dose of anti-CD3 by intraperitoneal injection on days 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 9 post-operation(n=4).At day 10, histopathologic characteristics and rejection status of the pulmonary grafts were assessed.The severity of acute rejection was graded by the pathological score , and T cell and neutrophil infiltration in the pulmonary grafts was evaluated by immunohistochemical(IHC) staining for CD3 and myeloperoxidase(MPO) respective-ly.Real-time RT-PCR was performed for FoxP3, IL-17A and IFN-γexpression in the pulmonary grafts.The percentage of FoxP3+Treg in total CD4+T lymphocytes from the recipient spleens was analyzed by FACS.Results 10 days after transplan-tation, histopathologic examination demonstrated that there is no apparent acute rejection observed in the pulmonary isografts , whereas allografts from untreated recipients have marked inflammatory cell infiltration and pulmonary parenchyma lesion .IHC staining for CD3 and MPO showed that the allograft-infiltrating cells of perivascular layers are mainly T lymphocytes , and the cells around the small airways are mostly neutrophils .Anti-CD3 treatment significantly alleviated the acute rejection of pulmo-nary allografts, when compared with the untreated group.Real-time RT-PCR showed that the expression levels of IL-17A and IFN-γin allografts were markedly elevated compared to those in isografts, and anti-CD3 increased the expression of FoxP3, and reduced the expression of IL-17A and IFN-γin the pulmonary allografts.FACS analysis of splenocytes showed that the percent-age of Treg in total CD4+T lymphocytes increased significantly in the anti-CD3 treated allograft recipients, as compared with the isograft and untreated allograft recipients.Conclusion Anti-CD3 mAbs may alleviate acute rejection of the pulmonary al-lografts by promoting FoxP3 expression and Treg development.

Objective To evaluate the application of TeamSTEPPS in training of community osteoporosis management team .Methods The TeamSTEPPS was applied for training of osteoporosis management team, and 1 513 residents aged ≥45 year were screened for osteoporosis in Kangjian community from January 2014 to March 2017.The identified patients with osteopenia and osteoporosis were intervened for one year.Cognitive level of the risk factors and symptoms associated with osteoporosis were assessed by questionnaires before and after the intervention .The bone density was examined at baseline and 6 months, 12 months after intervention.The effect of intervention was evaluated .Results A total of 467 patients (30.87%) with osteopenia and 476 patients (31.46%) with osteoporosis were detected .The cognitive levels of osteoporosis risk factors , including low calcium, vitamin D deficiency, lack of exercise, low weight, women menopause, matrilineal family history, smoking, excessive alcohol drinking and coffee drinking, were higher than those before intervention ( χ2＝62.909,78.742,59.974,50.478,29.512, 34.699,6.500,15.779,6.089,all P＜0.05).The awareness rates of symptoms , including lower back pain or body bone pain, shorter height and hunchback , low energy or nonviolent fracture , were also increased (χ2＝59.942,76.220,16.856,all P＜0.01).After intervention, the bone mineral density levels were increased compared to those before intervention (F＝530.28, P＜0.01 for osteopenia group; F＝339.51, P＜0.01 for osteoporosis group ); meanwhile, the differences were also significant between 6 months, 12 months after intervention and before intervention , between 12 months and 6 months after intervention (t＝-0.452,-0.968,-0.516,all P＜0.01 for osteopenia group; t＝-0.530,-1.045,-0.518, all P＜0.01 for osteoporosis group ).Conclusion The community osteoporosis management team trained by TeamSTEPPS can effectively improve the management levels of osteoporosis among residents in the community.

One hundred and fifty diabetic patients,who received management by community family doctors and hospital consortium (1+1+1) team for at least 1 year,were enrolled from January 2017 to May 2017.After that they continued to receive the management for 1 more year by the team which were trained with TeamSTEPPS (team strategies and tools to enhance performance and patient safety).The management effect before and after TeamSTEPPS training was compared.After the TeamSTEPPS training,the team management ability was improved,so that the compliance of diabetic patients with medical advice,regular examination of blood glucose,regular follow-up assessment,health education,regular exercise and diet control were all better than before,and the differences were statistically significant (all P＜0.01).Fasting blood glucose,postprandial 2 h-blood glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin and LDL-C levels were all lower than before,and the achieved rate of the above indicators were also increased (P＜0.05).It is suggested that application of TeamSTEPPS in team training can effectively enhance the management ability for chronic disease of family doctors and improve compliance and clinical indicators of patients with diabetes under management.

Objectives To generate an orthotopic left lung transplantation model in mice, and to observe the early changes of respiratory system resistance andγδT lymphocytes infiltrated in grafts? Methods The research time was from March 2014 to May 2015? The male C57BL/6 mice ( n=35) and BALB/c mice (syngenic group,n=10) were randomly divided into five groups. Control group (n=5): wild C57BL/6 mice; syngenic transplant group ( n=10 ): C57BL/6→C57BL/6; allogenic transplant group ( allogenic group,n=10): BALB/c→C57BL/6; each transplant group was randomly divided into 3?day and 7?day subgroups ( n=5 )? Respiratory system resistance and histological features of grafts were assessed, and differences in graft infiltrating γδT lymphocytes and mRNA expression of interleukin ( IL )?17A were quantified on 3 and 7 days after transplantation? Multiple comparisons were performed using one?way analysis of variance and least significant difference analysis? Results ( 1 ) The respiratory system resistance of syngenic group and allogenic group were (2?61±0?59) cmH2O·s/ml and (2?84±0?31) cmH2O·s/ml 3 days post?operation, both of them increased compared to control group (1?39±0?17) cmH2O·s/ml (1 cmH2O=0?098 kPa) (P=0?001, 0?000). The respiratory system resistance of allogenic group were (4?33±0?67) cmH2 O·s/ml 7 days post?operation, which was significantly higher than that of syngenic 7?day subgroup (1?87±0?27) cmH2O·s/ml and control group (1?39±0?17) cmH2O·s/ml (P=0?000, 0?000)?(2) The isografts of syngenic group showed a relatively normal histological appearance with minimal infiltration of inflammatory cells, and the allografts of allogenic group infiltrated apparently by inflammatory cells, especially 7?day subgroup showed acute cellular rejection? ( 3) The percentage of γδT lymphocytes infiltrated in isografts and allografts were 3?90%± 0?86% and 4?40%± 0?57%, respectively, which were significantly increased compared to that of control lungs 2?00%±0?23% 3 days post?operation(P=0?000, 0?000);The percentage ofγδT lymphocytes infiltrated in 7 days allografts was 5?40%±0?98% , which was higher compared to that of 7 days isografts 2?60%± 0?54% and control lungs 2?00%± 0?23% ( P=0?000, 0?000)? (4) IL?17A mRNA expression levels were 3?37±0?55 and 5?23±1?50 in isografts and 6?77± 0?93 and 27?32±4?20 in allografts, on postoperative day 3 and 7 respectively? All of them were significantly upregulated compared to that of control lungs 0?99±0?08 (P=0?000, 0?000), and allografts exhibited significantly greater IL?17A transcript levels compared to isografts on postoperative day 3 and 7 ( P=0?000, 0?000) . Conclusion The rise of respiratory system resistance of lung grafts after transplantation may relate to the increased IL?17A?producing γδT lymphocytes infiltrated in the grafts.