Objective To investigate the clinical significance of noninvasive heart function monitor of diagnosis and therapy of chronic pulmonary heart disease.Methods The PAP and right heart function of exacerbation period and stable period of chronic pulmonary heart disease,and that of normal healthy controls were monitored.T test were used for statistics.Results Compared exacerbation and stable period of chronic pulmonary heart disease with stable period,the RVPS,PAPS,SVR,PVR,RCI,RCRI,the difference was significant(P0.05).Conclusion Noninvasive heart function monitor is a sensitive way to diagnose and to judge therapy effect of chronic pulmonary heart disease.

【Objective】To explore the therapeutic effect of TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment for immunoglobulin A(IgA) nephropathy.【Methods】The selected 123 patients with IgA nephropathy were divided into two groups(in the proportion of 3∶1) by number randomization.Group A(n=86) was given Tripterygium Glycosides tablets and differential treatment according to syndrome patterns,and Group B(n=37) was given routine western medicine including anti-inflammation drugs,drugs for controlling blood pressure and glucocorticoid hormone.The two groups received a 3-month treatment course and received one more course according to individual cases.The total therapeutic effect,effect for TCM syndrome patterns,and toxic and side effects were observed.The changes of TCM syndrome scoring were compared before and after treatment.【Results】In group A,symptoms were completely relieved in 29,markedly relieved in 30,relieved in 15 and un-relieved in 12 patients,the total effective rate being 86.05%,while respectively in 4,5,10 and 18 of patients in group B,the total effective rate being 51.35%.The total effect was better in group A than that in group B(P0.05).The improvement on TCM syndrome scoring in group A was superior to that in group B(P

【Objective】To explore the relationship of pathological changes,clinical manifestations and results of laboratory examination with TCM syndromes in patients with IgA nephropathy.【Methods】With parameters in Memphis renal biopsy accessing system and principle syndromes and complicated syndromes in differentiation criteria of chronic nephritis as reference,pathological changes and clinical manifestations of IgA nephropathy were classified by principle component analysis and factor analysis.The regression equations of different syndromes were established after a regression analysis of the principle components of pathological changes and clinical manifestations with the standard syndromes.【Results】(1)With the parameters in Memphis renal biopsy accessing system as reference,the principle components(reflecting over 85% information of glomerular changes)of pathological changes in 123 IgA nephropathy patients were glomerulosclerosis,crescent,stroma,immunofluorescence IgA and complement 3(C_3).With principle syndromes and complicated syndromes in differentiation criteria of chronic nephritis as reference,the principle components(reflecting over 90% information of syndrome manifestations)were lassitude and weakness for deficiency syndrome,cold limbs,white tongue and slippery fur and deep-thready pulse for yang-deficiency syndrome,and dry mouth and throat,red tongue and thready pulse for yin-deficiency syndrome.For liver-stagnation syndrome,the principle components were impatience and irritability,bitterness in mouth,frequent sighing and wiry pulse;for bloodstasis syndrome,the principle components was purple tongue with ecchymosis;for phlegm-damp syndrome,the principle components were heaviness of limbs,greasy fur,abdominal distension and impaired appetite;for heat-toxic syndrome,the principle components were sore throat,purulent sore and yellowish tongue with dry fur;for damp-heat syndrome,the principle components were bitterness and stickiness in mouth,and yellowish greasy fur.(2)The regression equations of syndromes of yin deficiency,yang deficiency,yin-yang deficiency,blood stasis,phlegm damp and liver stagnation were obtained.(3)The results of non-conditional Logistic regression analysis showed that yang-deficiency syndrome was correlated with edema,the incidence of yang deficiency in edema patients being 1.6 times of that in patients without edema;yin-deficiency syndrome was positively correlated with gross hematuria,the incidence of yin deficiency in patients with gross hematuria being 1.5 times of that in patients without gross hematuria;pain in waist and back was the common signs in patients with yin deficiency,yang deficiency and yin-yang deficiency.【Conclusion】Parameters of glomerulosclerosis,crescent,stroma,immunofluorescence IgA and C_3 reflect over 85% information of glomerular changes in IgA nephropathy patients;there exists a relationship of TCM syndrome with pathological changes and clinical manifestations;yang-deficiency syndrome is correlated with edema and yin-deficiency syndrome is correlated with gross hematuria.

TeamSTEPPS(Team Strategies & Tools to Enhance Performance & Patient Safety)is an evidence-based set of teamwork tools,aimed at optimizing patient outcomes by improving communication and teamwork skills among health care professionals.It integrates teamwork skills with clinical practice to improve team performance in healthcare services and improve the quality of care effectively.The article introduces the TeamSTEPPS course and its clinical application.

TeamSTEPPS (team strategies and tools to enhance performance and patient safety) defines four core capabilities in teamwork which can be trained: leadership,situation monitoring,mutual support and communication.TeamSTEPPS is a successful medical team training project and its effectiveness has been proved.The application of TeamSTEPPS can provide a new teaching model for general practice training.

10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.25.016

Objective To evaluate the application of TeamSTEPPS in training of community osteoporosis management team .Methods The TeamSTEPPS was applied for training of osteoporosis management team, and 1 513 residents aged ≥45 year were screened for osteoporosis in Kangjian community from January 2014 to March 2017.The identified patients with osteopenia and osteoporosis were intervened for one year.Cognitive level of the risk factors and symptoms associated with osteoporosis were assessed by questionnaires before and after the intervention .The bone density was examined at baseline and 6 months, 12 months after intervention.The effect of intervention was evaluated .Results A total of 467 patients (30.87%) with osteopenia and 476 patients (31.46%) with osteoporosis were detected .The cognitive levels of osteoporosis risk factors , including low calcium, vitamin D deficiency, lack of exercise, low weight, women menopause, matrilineal family history, smoking, excessive alcohol drinking and coffee drinking, were higher than those before intervention ( χ2＝62.909,78.742,59.974,50.478,29.512, 34.699,6.500,15.779,6.089,all P＜0.05).The awareness rates of symptoms , including lower back pain or body bone pain, shorter height and hunchback , low energy or nonviolent fracture , were also increased (χ2＝59.942,76.220,16.856,all P＜0.01).After intervention, the bone mineral density levels were increased compared to those before intervention (F＝530.28, P＜0.01 for osteopenia group; F＝339.51, P＜0.01 for osteoporosis group ); meanwhile, the differences were also significant between 6 months, 12 months after intervention and before intervention , between 12 months and 6 months after intervention (t＝-0.452,-0.968,-0.516,all P＜0.01 for osteopenia group; t＝-0.530,-1.045,-0.518, all P＜0.01 for osteoporosis group ).Conclusion The community osteoporosis management team trained by TeamSTEPPS can effectively improve the management levels of osteoporosis among residents in the community.

One hundred and fifty diabetic patients,who received management by community family doctors and hospital consortium (1+1+1) team for at least 1 year,were enrolled from January 2017 to May 2017.After that they continued to receive the management for 1 more year by the team which were trained with TeamSTEPPS (team strategies and tools to enhance performance and patient safety).The management effect before and after TeamSTEPPS training was compared.After the TeamSTEPPS training,the team management ability was improved,so that the compliance of diabetic patients with medical advice,regular examination of blood glucose,regular follow-up assessment,health education,regular exercise and diet control were all better than before,and the differences were statistically significant (all P＜0.01).Fasting blood glucose,postprandial 2 h-blood glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin and LDL-C levels were all lower than before,and the achieved rate of the above indicators were also increased (P＜0.05).It is suggested that application of TeamSTEPPS in team training can effectively enhance the management ability for chronic disease of family doctors and improve compliance and clinical indicators of patients with diabetes under management.

Objective:To investigate the work stress and its influencing factors among hospice care physicians and nurses in medical institutions in Shanghai.Methods:It was a cross-sectional study. The study was carried out between December 2021 and January 2022. By use of multistage random sampling, 256 hospice care physicians and nurses were selected from community healthcare centers, secondary and tertiary hospitals in Shanghai to attend a WeChat-based survey using a self-designed questionnaire. The chi-square test was used to compare the differences in prevalence of work stress and stressors among all subjects with different characteristics. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to explore the major determinants associated with work stress. And the sources of work stress and the expepectd decompression countermeasures were investigated.Results:A total of 256 valid questionnaires were collected with a recovery rate of 100.0%. The median of work stress score was 7.5 (6.0, 9.0). Logistic regression analysis showed that those aged>40 years old and working for ≥5 years in hospice care service had higher level of work stress ( OR=3.78, 2.04; P=0.007, 0.039), and those with monthly income>10 000 RMB Yuan had lower level of work stress ( OR=0.34, P=0.005). The top three stressors were the death of patients (88.3%, 226/256), low income (78.1%, 200/256), difficulty in promotion (67.2%, 172/256). The top three way that doctors and nurses desired to reduce work stress were to increase income (88.3%, 226/256) and optimize performance appraisal target (78.1%, 200/256) and promotion mechanism (66.0%, 169/256). Conclusions:In general, the work stress among hospice care physicians and nurses is at a high level in Shanghai and the stressors are widely distributed. Age, monthly salary and years of working in hospice care unit are independent factors of work stress. Improving salary, optimizing performance appraisal target and promotion mechanism are the most desired strategies to reduce work stress among hospice care physicians and nurses.

Objective:To survey the status quo of hospice care service in community health service centers in Shanghai.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the situation of hospice care services from January 2021 to December 2021 in 16 community health service centers selected by stratified sampling from 16 districts in Shanghai.Results:Among 16 community health service centers, 13 provided inpatient hospice care services, 16 provide home hospice care and 14 provided outpatient hospice care services; and totally 1 935 (77.93%), 158 (6.36%) and 390 (15.71%) patients received palliative care, respectively. In centers providing inpatient hospice care service, the average bed number was 12 (10, 20); the annual number of patients was 58 (29, 137); the average length of hospital stay was (29.55±11.18) days; and the bed occupancy rate was (55.51±30.02)%, which in urban districts was significantly higher than that in rural districts ((74.76±19.33)% vs.(39.00±28.32)%; t=2.61, P=0.024). The number of patients receiving home hospice care in each center was 10 (3, 19) and the average duration of home service was (66.97±29.41) days. The proportion of physician fee of inpatient hospice care and that of home hospice care were (8.61±5.27)% and (6.25±3.11)%, respectively. While the proportion of medication expenses of inpatient hospice care and that of home hospice care were (35.60±16.13)% and(49.58±9.16)%, respectively. The outpatient hospice service were opened 2.0 (1.0, 4.0) days a week in 14 centers and 95 (58, 199) patients received services. Inpatient services were mainly provided for the patients with non-malignant chronic diseases (53.23%, 1 030/1 935), while home hospice care (89.87%, 142/158) and outpatient hospice care (83.85%, 327/390) mainly provided service for malignant patients. Conclusion:There is still room for improvement about the hospice care services delivered by community health service centers in Shanghai:discrepancy of utilization of hospice care services between urban districts and rural districts, low utilization of home and outpatient hospice care services, unreasonable cost composition in inpatient and home hospice care services.