Objective To analyze the efficiency and specificity of MSP2 alleles genotyping for Plasmodium falci-parum isolates by Nest-PCR and PCR-RFLP. Methods MSP2 alleles from Plasmodium falciparum isolates of Yunnan and Hainan were genotyped by Nest-PCR and PCR-RFLP, respectively, and the efficiency and specificity of the two me-thods were analyzed. Results The conventional Nest-PCR method could detect 79.8% (166/208) alleles of MSP2,and 65.7% (65/99) for 3D7 family, but could not identify the type of any allele. While PCR-RFLP showed 25.3% higher genotyping efficiency than Nest-PCR. Moreover, this method could identify the allele types. Conclusion PCR-RFLP genotyping technique is more efficient and specific than conventional Nest-PCR, and it is a convenient tool in the study on molecular epidemiology of malaria.

Allicin,which contains rich sulfide ,is provided for prevention and treatment of tumor ,anti in-flammation,prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases ,improving immunity and so on .Studies show that allicin can not only prevent many types of cancer ,but also has obvious inhibitory effect on tumor .The mechanism is related with antioxidant effects ,reducing the invasion of tumor cells ,inhibiting the proliferation of tumor cells , inducing tumor cell apoptosis and directly killing the tumor cells .This paper reviews the research progresses on antitumor allicin .

To establish the identification method for Physalis angulatae fructus Seu calyx and Physalis calyx Seu fruc-tus. Methods:Four methods including macroscopy,microscopy,TLC and HPLC were used. Results: There were some differences in macroscopic and microscopic characteristics and physicochemical identification between Physalis angulatae Fructus Seu Calyx and Phys-alis Calyx Seu Fructus. Conclusion:The established method is simple and easy,which can objectively and accurately distinguish Phys-alis angulatae Fructus Seu Calyx from Physalis Calyx Seu Fructus.

Objective To purify recombinant methioninase and investigate the synergetic inhibitory effect of methioninase and cisplatin on the proliferation of human lung adenocarcinoma cell line GLC. Methods Recombinant methioninase was purified with GST-column from supernatant after ultrasonic disruption of cultured Escherichia coli in the prokaryotic expression system pGEX-4T-1-Met/Dh5a. MTT assay was used to determine the inhibition rate of methioninase in combined with cisplatin on cell proliferation,and their synergistic effect was evaluated by using the q value judge method. Results The concentration of recombinant methionine cleaving enzyme was 0.22 mg/mL, the purity was 95%, and the activity was 0.568 IU/mg. After 72 h culturing, the inhibition rate of cisplatin methionine was 24.80%and 27.49%respectively,while the inhibition rate of the combined drugs was 66.80% ( =1.47>1.15) which showed a significant synergistic effect. Conclusion Both methioninase and cisplatin have the inhibition effect,and the combined drugs display a significant synergistic effect on the proliferation of GLC.

Objective To analyze the phytosterol content in plant materials commonly used in functional food in China.Method Thirty kinds of food commonly used as medicines and forty kinds of Chinese herbs were chosen as samples.The contents of phytosterols(?-sitosterol,campesterol,stigmasterol,?-sitostanol) were analyzed by GC methods established by our laboratory.Results The frequency of various plant materials used in functional food was different,e-g.hawthorn about 408 times and huangqi 342 times.Phytosterols were contained in all samples analyzed,but were different in contents,some less than 10mg/100g while some more than 380mg/100g.In most samples,?-sitosterol is the largest portion of total phytosterol.Conclusion The phytosterols are important functional ingredients in plant materials frequently used in Chinese traditional medicine.The data of phytosterol contents in plant materials are valuable for utilization and further study in functional food.

BACKGROUND:Studies have shown that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells have the ability to persistently generate hepatocytes and biliary cells, and thus in the repair process of liver injury, replenish the reduced number of hepatocytes due to damage and participate in damaged liver structure.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells transplantation on acute liver failure and the expression of CD163 and interleukin-10 in rat serum and liver tissue.
METHODS:D-galactose and lipopolysaccharidewere used to make acute liver failure models in 60 Sprague-Dawley rats. Then, the rats were divided into control group and transplantation group. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells at passage 3 were injected through tail vein in the transplantation group, and normal saline was injected in the control group. After transplantation 24, 120, 168 hours, serum samples and liver tissues were col ected.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After transplantation 120 and 168 hours, the serum alanine transaminase and aspartate aminotransferase activities of the transplantation were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). In the transplantation group the apoptotic index was stil lower compared with the control group, and the difference was significant (P<0.05). The levels of CD163 and interleukin-10 in the serum and liver tissue in the transplantation group were decreased significantly compared with the control group (P<0.05). The results suggested that there were highly significant correlations between CD163 and interleukin-10 (P<0.01). Bone marrow mesenchymal stem celltransplantation has a therapeutic effect on acute liver failure rats. CDl63 and interleukin-10 play a very important role in the pathogenesis of acute liver failure, which can be used as sensitive serum marker proteins for diagnosis and prognosis of acute liver failure.

Objective To compare the traditional electrophysiological testing with modified methods for differential diagnosis of Radial Tunnel Syndrome (RTS).Methods A total of 87 selected patients were initially diagnosed as Lateral Epicondylitis (LE) or Tennis Elbow (TE) by doctors from the Outpatient Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation.Medical history was asked.Patients received physical examination and examinations for the sensory nerve action potential (SNAP) of superficial radial nerve,the compound muscle action potential (CMAP) of radial nerve and needle electromyography (EMG) to record the muscle Motor Unit Action Potentials (MUAPs).Then,the modified methods for CMAP of radial nerve were conducted on the forearm in the neutral,pronation and supination positions.Three values of CMAP latency were compared.RTS was diagnosed when the difference value ≥0.3 ms.The x 2 test was used to compare the positive detectable rates of the two methods for the RTS diagnosis.Results Thirteen out of 87 patients were diagnosed as RTS,among which three had interosseous nerve lesion and one had superficial radial nerve lesion.The traditional EMG failed to diagnose the remaining 9 RTS cases.These patients were finally diagnosed due to their latency difference of radial nerve CMAP ≥0.3ms when their forearms were examined in three positions.Conclusion The modified electrophysiology method shows a higher positive rate for the diagnosis of RTS.(P＜0.05).

Objectives To enhance the diagnosis of cervical epithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer at the early stage and to prevent cervical invasive carcinoma by analyzing the cervical/vaginal cytology or histopathologic results of Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS).Methods From January 2014 to June 2015,a total of 4579 cases were selected in the census of gynecological diseases in Qiannan Hospital.TBS classification (the bethesda system) showed that 164 cases of ASCUS or above were found using cervical/vaginal cytology with live tissue under colposcopy.Results Among 164 cases,75 was cervical intraepithelial neoplasia level 3 (CINⅢ) accounting for 54.7％.Sixty-three cases of ASCUS and 16 of CINⅡ or above were found among patients at the age of 39 or younger (25.4％).A hundred and one cases of ASCUS and 59 of CINⅡ or above were found among women older than 40 (58.41％).Among patients with liquid-based cervical cytology positive,those older than 40 had higher risk.Liquid-based cervical cytology examination was divided into 5 levels.Spearman rank correlation analysis was applied with correlation coefficient (r =1) and positive correlation was shown (P =0.000,P＜0.01).The difference was statistically significant.The higher level of liquid-based cervical cytology examination level was required,the higher risk of cervical cancer was seen among women.Corclusion The use of liquid-based cervical cytology examination can help grassroots doctors improve CIN diagnosis rate and prevent cervical invasive carcinoma among women in the countryside.

Objective:To evaluate the combined effect of an trajectory log field based(LBF)and two commercial dose reconstruction systems on volume-modulated arc therapy(VMAT)dose verification of lung cancer.Methods:An in-house program was developed to introduce errors in trajectory log of TrueBeam to the origin plan and recalculate the dose of the error plan in treatment planning system(TPS). A total of 18 lung cancer cases treated by two-arc VMAT were selected to perform on LINAC and measured by ArcCheck simultaneously. Then, the reconstructed doses were obtained by 3DVH. The mode of reconstruction was calculated by LFB and Compass. Five of the 18 cases were performed on LINAC two times in four hours and measured by ArcCheck to evaluate the stability of the TrueBeam performance. The 18 plans were recalculated and performed on LINAC with a solid water phantom with 5 cm build-up, 4 cm back scattering thickness and a FC65-G detector in the center. The measured dose by detector was compared with the reconstructed dose by three systems.Results:TheTruebeam performance was stable. For all of the 18 cases, the point dose measured by FC65-G and reconstructed by three systems had a deviation of less than 2% to the TPS calculated. For all of the organs reconstructed by LBF and most organs reconstructed by 3DVH and Compass, the γ pass rate between them and TPS all exceeded 90% under all criteria, as well as the ArcCheck measured results. For all the organ dose difference between reconstructed and TPS, LBF system had the smallest difference, followed by the Compass system except the lung, and the 3DVH had the highest difference.Conclusions:LBF, 3DVH and Compass can reflect the VMAT dose verification results of lung cancer from different perspectives. The combined application of three systems can demonstrate the verification results in an intuitive manner, which is beneficial for subsequent analysis.

Objective:To observe the efficacy of different needling depths for knee osteoarthritis(KOA)and the effects on effusion,cartilage thickness,and synovium under ultrasound imaging. Methods:A total of 90 patients with KOA were randomly divided into a conventional acupuncture group,a Western medication group,and a shallow acupuncture group,with 30 cases in each group.In the conventional acupuncture group,the needling depth was 15-30 mm,and the needle was twisted for a few moments after insertion so that a sore,numb,distending,and electrified sensation was obtained;in the shallow acupuncture group,the points were punctured perpendicularly by 2 mm,and no manipulation was performed after insertion.The same points were used in the two acupuncture groups,and the needles were retained for 20 min.The treatment was performed 3 times a week.The Western medication group was given glucosamine sulfate capsules for oral administration,2 capsules once,3 times a day.All three groups were treated for 8 weeks.The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index(WOMAC)and the visual analog scale(VAS)were scored before treatment,after 4 weeks and 8-week treatment,respectively;while the changes in knee cartilage,synovial membrane,and joint fluid were observed by knee ultrasound before and after 8-week treatment.The clinical efficacy was evaluated after 8-week treatment. Results:After 8-week treatment,the effusion and the synovial thickness improved significantly in both the conventional and shallow acupuncture groups compared with that before treatment(P<0.01);the effusion improved in the Western medication group compared with that before treatment(P<0.05);the synovial thickness improved better in the conventional acupuncture group than in the Western medication group(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the cartilage thickness among the three groups compared with that before treatment(P>0.05).The WOMAC(pain,stiffness,and function)and VAS scores decreased in all three groups after 4-and 8-week treatment compared with those before treatment(P<0.05).After 4-and 8-week treatment,the pain scores in WOMAC of the conventional acupuncture group were lower than those of the Western medication group and the shallow acupuncture group(P<0.05),and the VAS scores of the conventional acupuncture group were lower than those of the shallow acupuncture group(P<0.05).After 8-week treatment,the stiffness and functional scores in WOMAC of the conventional acupuncture group were lower than those of the Western medication group(P<0.05). Conclusion:Conventional acupuncture,oral Western medication,and shallow acupuncture all relieved knee pain and improved knee stiffness and functional movement.Among them,conventional acupuncture had the best efficacy in relieving knee pain and the best efficacy in improving joint function after 8-week treatment.Both conventional acupuncture and shallow acupuncture significantly reduced synovial thickness lesions in the knee;all three groups improved joint effusion and were more effective with conventional and shallow acupuncture.