Objective To establish the determination method of Astragaloside Ⅳ in Shenqi-wuweizi tablet. Methods A high performance liquid chromatography method with evaporate light scattering detection was adopted. The analytes were successfully separated with Agilent-C18 column using acetonitrile and water (30:70) as mobile phase at 1.0ml/min. The parameter of ELSD was set at a evaporation tube temperature of 90℃ and nebulization at 50℃. The column temperature was set at 35℃. Results The linear range of Astragaloside Ⅳ was 41.68～521μg/ml, and the calibration curve was lnA=1.5461lnC+5.9564 with a coefficient of 0.9995 (n=6). The average recovery rate was 100.42%, with a relative standard deviation of 1.74%. Conclusion The method was simple, rapid, sensitive and accurate. Besides, it showed good repeatability as well as specificity, suitable for the quality control of Shenqi-wuweizi tablet.

Objective To improve the hardware of a medical radioisotope dose calibration system base on LabVIEW platform.Methods Hiish performance voltage-frequency-converter VFC32 was applied to realize hardware circuit design of medical radioisotope dose calibrator,and the function of the circuit wag analyzed.The output voltage signal from the calibrator ionization chamber was processed by the designed circuit.The output frequency signal from the circuit was obtained by USB-6009 DAQ and was then processed by virtual instrument designed using LabVIEW 8.0.Results Experimental data graphs indicated that the improved system had a better linearity in the low and medium frequency band.Conclusion The redesigned radioisotope dose calibrator has advantages in improving measuring accuracy,measuring range,feeble-minded detection limit and so on.

Objective: To analyze the current condition and inlfuencing factors for clinical compliance in patients with permanent pacemaker implantation and to improve the follow-up condition in relevant patients. Methods: A total of 817 patients with permanent pacemaker implantation in our hospital from 2006-01 to 2013-01 were retrospectively studied. The clinical compliance condition and inlfuencing factors were accessed for 1 year period. Results: There were 26/817 (3.18%) patients lost contact and 1 patient died. A total of 790 (96.7%) patients finished the followed-up study by 2 groups: Clinical visit group,n=440 (55.70%) and Telephone visit group,n=350 (44.30%). The education level, medical cost, residency, comprehension of arrhythmia and accompany personnel were different between 2 groups,P<0.05. The patients were with high school education or above, reimbursed medical cost, local residency, comprehension of arrhythmia and accompany personnel had the higher clinical visit rate. The overall 1 year occurrence rate of complication was 1.8% without severe event. There were 59.5% of patients optimized the pacemaker parameters during clinical visit. Conclusion: The patients with permanent pacemaker implantation had the lower rate of clinical follow-up visit which should be improved in several issues.

Objective To investigate the knowledge level of the caregivers about pressure ulcer in patients with high risk of pressure ulcer in rural community,and to provide the scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of pressure ulcer.Methods 216 caregivers for patients with high risk of pressure ulcer in rural community were chosen from Mar.2012 to May 2013.The investigation on the awareness of pressure ulcer was performed by using questionnaire survey.Results The awareness rate of pressure ulcer in caregivers was 41.5 ％.The caregivers had gender difference (174females and 42 males).Most of the caregivers were 41 to 50 years old (124 cases,57.4％).Most caregivers had 1 ～ 2 years work experience (94 cases,43.5％).Most of them had low level of education (170 cases,78.7％) and non-professional training (178 cases,82.4％).The questionnaire score was higher in young caregivers than in the olders(F=2.483,P＜0.05).The questionnaire score was higher in caregivers having a long working lifetime(F=3.624,P＜0.05),higher educationalbackground (F=5.139,P＜ 0.01) and discipline training (t=7.346,P＜ 0.01) than in caregivers not having them.Conclusions The awareness rate of the knowledge about pressure ulcer is low in caregivers for patient with high risk of pressure ulcer in rural community.It is necessary to strengthen the guidance and training in caregivers to reduce the incidence of pressure ulcers and the medical cost,and improve the quality of life in patients with high risk of pressure ulcer in rural community.

Objective To investigate the correlation between the serum resistin level and carotid artery atherosclerosis in elderly Chinese males. Methods The study enrolled 235 elderly Chinese males [median age 76 (range 60-97) years] scheduled for ultrasound examination of carotid artery plaque and determination of carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT). They were divided into carotid atherosclerotic plaque (CAP) and carotid atherosclerotic plaque-free (CAP-free) groups according to the ultrasound results. Their clinical profiles were col-lected, and the serum resistin and other blood biochemistry levels were determined.Results The CAP group was older and had a thicker mean CIMT than the CAP-free group. However, there was no difference in the serum resistin level between the groups. CIMT was positively correlated with age (r = 0.299,P< 0.001). The serum resistin level was not correlated with CIMT, even after controlling for age. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that age (β = 0.001,P< 0.001) and body mass index (β = 0.002,P= 0.015) were significantly and posi-tively correlated with the mean CIMT. Only age [odds ratio (OR): 1.159; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.078-1.183,P< 0.001] was associ-ated with the presence of carotid artery atherosclerotic plaque. The serum resistin level was not correlated with the mean CIMT or associated with the presence of carotid artery atherosclerotic plaque.Conclusion The results suggest that resistin might not be a risk factor for atherosclerosis in elderly Chinese males.

BackgroundPocket hematoma is one of the major complications associated with cardiovascular implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) implantation. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of body mass index (BMI) on the occurrence of pocket hematoma after CIEDs implantation.MethodsThe study is a retrospective review of 972 patients receiving CIEDs implantation between 2008 and 2012 in a tertiary hospital.ResultsTwenty two patients (2.2%) developed severe pocket hematoma requiring re-intervention. The hematoma rate (4.6%,n = 15) of patients with a BMI of < 23 kg/m2 was significantly higher compared with that of patients with a BMI of≥23 kg/m2 (1.1%, n = 7,P< 0.001). In multivariate regression analysis, a BMI < 23.0 kg/m2 may be associated with the development of severe pocket hema-toma. An increase of 1.0 kg/m2 in BMI was associated with lower incidence of hematoma formation (OR: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.74-0.95;P = 0.006).ConclusionBMI < 23 kg/m2 was associated with a higher incidence of pocket hematoma, requiring re-intervention. The data sup-port that great care must be taken when patients were with a lower BMI received CIEDs implantation.

Objective To compare the effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)and bilevel positive airway pressure(BiPAP)on the cardiac structure and function of patients with obstructive sleep apnea and hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS).Methods 100 patients with OSAHS were selected as the research subjects.The patients were randomly divided into two groups by digital table method,CPAP group had 50 cases,adopted the CPAP ventilation mode,BiPAP group had 50 cases,adopted the BiPAP ventilation mode.The heart rate,blood pressure, blood brain natriuretic peptide(BNP),nitric oxide(NO),endothelin -1 protease,matrix metalloprotein 9(MMP -9), C -reactive protein (CRP) and polysomnography (PSG) related indicators,cardiac structure and function and endothelial function changes before and after treatment were observed in the two groups,compared the clinical effect of the two modes.Results Before treatment,in both groups,there were no statistical differences in blood pressure,heart rate,BNP,NO,endothelin -1,MMP -9,CRP,PSG related indicators,cardiac structure and function,endothelial function.After six months of noninvasive ventilator treatment,results of the heart rate,systolic pressure,diastolic blood pressure,blood oxygen saturation,oxygen partial pressure,the BNP,endothelin -1,NO,MMP -9,CRP,body mass index,the Epworth sleepiness scale(ESS),Apnea hypoventilation index(AHI),oxygen and lowest at night,aortic di-ameter(AO),left ventricular inner diameter (LA),right ventricular(RV)inside diameter,left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),pulmonary artery systolic pressure(PASP)of the CPAP group were (79.83 ±11.47)times/min, (114.06 ±11.45)mmHg,(72.44 ±7.38)mmHg,(97.6 ±1.45)%,(93.17 ±1.86)mmHg,(110.78 ±38.32)ng/L, (17.58 ±2.07)ng/L,(8.55 ±0.55)μmol/L,(372.73 ±189.00)μg/L,(3.34 ±2.29)mg/L,(23.87 ±1.59), (0.98 ±0.70),(0.65 ±0.30),(94.04 ±1.62)%,(31.52 ±2.17 )mm,(31.19 ±1.09 )mm,(20.86 ± 1.69)mm,(61.13 ±5.02)%,(20.74 ±5.49)mmHg.which of the BiPAP group were (80.96 ±8.56)times/min, (114.58 ±9.34)mmHg,(71.67 ±8.57)mmHg,(96.96 ±1.43)%,(94.52 ±1.66)mmHg,(87.63 ±28.33)ng/L, (17.76 ±2.20)ng/L,(8.54 ±0.52)μmol/L,(359.63 ±268.95)μg/L,(4.96 ±2.00)mg/L,(24.15 ±1.65), (0.85 ±0.75 ),(0.58 ±0.19 ),(94.50 ±1.18)%,(31.73 ±1.57 )mm,(31.97 ±1.12)mm,(21.58 ± 2.43)mm,(62.24 ±5.79)%,(21.45 ±3.76)mmHg.In the oxygen partial pressure,the BNP,MMP -9,CRP,ESS score,AHI,LA,LVEF and other indicators,BiPAP mode were better than CPAP mode(t =2.13,4.32,2.13,4.32, 1.39,4.93,2.58,4.36,all P <0.05 ).Conclusion BiPAP mode and CPAP mode can improve cardiovascular function in patients with OSAHS,improve the symptoms of low ventilation,reduce obesity,but in terms of reducing cardiac load,improve blood vessel function,BiPAP mode is better than CPAP.

Objective To analyze the clinical features and reasons of pressure ulcers in general hospital of western regions, and provide references for effective prevention and management of pressure ulcer. Methods Hospitalized patients who meet the conditions (≥18 year-old, hospital stay≥24 h ) in 51 wards of the largest tertiary comprehensive hospital in Ningxia were investigated by data collection tools that designed by European pressure ulcer advisory panel (EPUAP) and American survey instrument of pressure ulcer prevalence rate. For the cross-sectional survey on pressure ulcer, nurses were training and one day respectively in January and April 2015 were selected as the research day. Results Totally 3654 patients were investigated, among which there were 1894 male patients and 1760 female patients. 332 patients had the risk of pressure ulcer ( Braden score≤16 points ) , which accounted for 9.08%;31 cases and 35 parts were found with the pressure ulcer and the prevalence rate of pressure ulcer was 0.85%;the occurrence rate in hospital was 0.47%. Clinical features were mainly stage I and stage II, which accounted for 77. 42% ( 24/31 ); body parts with high occurrence of pressure ulcer were sacrococcygeal region, crista iliaca, ischial tuberosity and ankle. Implementation of prevention measures: patients with decompressor using accounted for 4. 93 among all researchers ( 180/3 654 ) , and accounted 54. 22% among patients with risk of pressure ulcer ( 180/332 );patients with dressing to reduce pressure on pressed parts that accounted 2. 49% among all researchers (91/3 654), and accounted 27.41% among patients with risk of pressure ulcer (91/332);patients with regular turning over accounted for 11. 49% among all researchers ( 330/3 654 ) , and accounted for 99. 4% among patients with risk of pressure ulcer ( 330/332 ) . Conclusions The prevalence rate and occurrence rate pf pressure ulcer in comprehensive hospitals of western area are all lower than those in researches home and abroad;the clinical features are similar to 12 comprehensive hospitals in our country, and the implementation rate of prevention measures should be improved. Nursing knowledge training of pressure ulcer in hospitals and the implementation rate of prevention measures should be enhanced.

Purpose To explore the clinical value of quantitative assessment of renal perfusion using ultrasound contrast imaging for the auxiliary diagnosis of type 2 diabetic nephropathy.Materials and Methods This prospective study was conducted from May 2017 to December 2019 at the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital.A total of 41 patients with type 2 diabetes and renal function abnormalities,who were scheduled for renal biopsy,underwent contrast-enhanced ultrasound.Differences in contrast imaging parameters,including time to peak in the renal cortex,peak enhancement,mean transit time local,and area under the curve between diabetic nephropathy and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis were compared,and the correlation between imaging parameters and pathological results was analyzed.Results Among 41 patients,30 cases were diagnosed as diabetic nephropathy,and 11 cases were diagnosed as focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.The peak enhancement and area under the curve in the diabetic nephropathy group were significantly lower than those in the focal segmental glomerulosclerosis group[peak enhancement:3 837.16(2 449.16,5 929.16)vs.8 508.00(4 334.88,21 201.00),Z=-2.766,P=0.006;area under the curve:0.14±0.05 vs.0.19±0.05,t=-3.135,P=0.003].In the diabetic nephropathy group,peak enhancement showed a negative correlation with the global glomerulosclerosis rate(r=-0.489,P=0.006).Conclusion Contrast-enhanced ultrasound can quantitatively evaluate renal perfusion and has certain clinical value in assisting the diagnosis of type 2 diabetic nephropathy.

Objective To evaluate the predictive value of a dose-surface histogram (DSH) for radiation cystitis (RC) in patients with cervical cancer. Methods We retrospectively included 190 patients with cervical cancer who underwent image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) from the HIS system of The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University from May 2013 to May 2023. The patients were divided into test group (n = 100) and control group (n = 90). The dose distribution in the bladder was evaluated by using a DSH for the test group and using a dose-volume histogram (DVH) for the control group. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to evaluate the predictive value of DSH for RC in comparison with DVH. Results There were no significant differences in baseline data and RC incidence between the two groups (all P＞0.05). All evaluation indicators were significantly different between DSH and DVH (all P＜0.05). The predictive value of S₄₅ and V₄₅ for the incidence of grade-I, -II, and -III RC was low (all P＜0.05). The predictive value of S₅₀ and V₅₀ for the incidence of grade-I, -II, and -III RC was moderate (all P＜0.05). S₅₅−S₅₇ and V₅₅−V₅₇ showed high value for predicting the incidence of grade-I, -II, and -III RC (all P＜0.05). Conclusion DSH shows basically the same predictive value for the incidence of RC caused by IGRT in cervical cancer as DVH, which is expected to become a new tool for evaluating radiotherapy plans.