AIM: We hypothesized that PPAR? ligands stimulate endothelial-derived nitric oxide(NO) release to protect the vascular wall.Thus,the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of ciglitazone(Cig) and fenofibrate(Fen) on angiotensin Ⅱ(AngⅡ)-induced decrease in endothelial NO synthase(eNOS) expression and NO production in human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs).METHODS: HUVECs were preincubated for 24 h with Cig(10~(-7), 10~(-6),10~(-5),10~(-4) mol/L) or Fen(10~(-5) and 10~(-4) mol/L),then incubated for 12 h with 10~(-7) mol/L AngⅡ.Total RNA was extracted,and the expression of mRNA and protein of eNOS was assessed by RT-PCR and Western blotting.NO production was measured by Griees method.RESULTS: In the presence of 10~(-7) mol/L AngⅡ for 12 h,NO production in cultured HUVECs was decreased(P

AIM: There has been accumulating evidence demonstrating that activators for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ? (PPAR?) have antiinflammatory, antiatherogenic, and vasodilatory actions. We investigated the effect of PPAR? activator, fenofibrate, on trombin-induced endothelin-1 (ET-1) expression in cultured vascular endothelial cells. METHODS: Bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) were treated with the PPAR? activator, fenofibrate. The ET-1 concentrations were evaluated by radioimmunoassay. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the ET-1 mRNA expression. RESULTS: Thrombin(10U/L) induced ET-1 release in BAECs [(22.4?4.7) nmol/g protein vs control (13.2?1.6) nmol/g protein, P

Acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning (AOPP) is one of the common critical diseases.In order to improve the rate of clinical cure, in recent years, many new treatment methods in clinical are recognized.In this paper, we will make a overview from the mechanism of AOPP, the application of classical drug cholinesterase reactivators, anticholinergicdrugs, other new applications such as fat emulsion for AOPP and blood purification therapy, combination therapy of Chinese and Western medicine, comprehensively elaborate the application of these drugs and treatment methods in clinical and therapeutic effect.

Objective To compare the clinicopathological features of signet ring cell gastric carcinoma ( SRCC) with those of non-signet ring cell cancers and explore the prognostic factors of signet ring cell gastric carcinoma.Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 1447 gastric cancer patients, including gastric signet ring cell and non-signet ring cell cancers.Their clinicopathological characteristics and overall survival data were analyzed.Results The differences in the age, sex, tumor location, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, TNM classification and surgical type were significant between gastric signet ring cell and non-signet ring cell gastric carcinomas.The 5-year survival rate of the patients with gastric signet ring cell carcinoma was 29.6%, while that of the non-signet ring cell cancers was 42.9%(P<0.05).The 5-year survival rate for each stage of gastric signet ring cell carcinoma and non-signet ring cell cancers was 71.0%and 79.3%for stageⅠ, 45.6%and 58.3%for stageⅡ, 16.9%and 29.2%for stageⅢ,and 6.0%and 11.9%for stageⅣcases, respectively, with a significant difference only between stages Ⅲ and Ⅳ cancers ( P<0.05 ) .Multivariate analysis showed that tumor diameter, T stage and N stage were independent prognostic factors for signet ring cell gastric carcinoma. Conclusions The signet ring cell gastric carcinoma has unique clinicopathological features compared with non-signet ring cell carcinoma.Early detection and treatment can improve the prognosis for patients with gastric signet ring cell carcinoma.

Objective To compare the clinicopathological features of signet ring cell gastric carcinoma ( SRCC) with those of non-signet ring cell cancers and explore the prognostic factors of signet ring cell gastric carcinoma.Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 1447 gastric cancer patients, including gastric signet ring cell and non-signet ring cell cancers.Their clinicopathological characteristics and overall survival data were analyzed.Results The differences in the age, sex, tumor location, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, TNM classification and surgical type were significant between gastric signet ring cell and non-signet ring cell gastric carcinomas.The 5-year survival rate of the patients with gastric signet ring cell carcinoma was 29.6%, while that of the non-signet ring cell cancers was 42.9%(P<0.05).The 5-year survival rate for each stage of gastric signet ring cell carcinoma and non-signet ring cell cancers was 71.0%and 79.3%for stageⅠ, 45.6%and 58.3%for stageⅡ, 16.9%and 29.2%for stageⅢ,and 6.0%and 11.9%for stageⅣcases, respectively, with a significant difference only between stages Ⅲ and Ⅳ cancers ( P<0.05 ) .Multivariate analysis showed that tumor diameter, T stage and N stage were independent prognostic factors for signet ring cell gastric carcinoma. Conclusions The signet ring cell gastric carcinoma has unique clinicopathological features compared with non-signet ring cell carcinoma.Early detection and treatment can improve the prognosis for patients with gastric signet ring cell carcinoma.

OBJECTIVETo explore the impact of electroacupuncture (EA) on the protein expression of adenosine receptors in the heart of the rats with myocardial ischemia (MI).

METHODSThirty healthy male SD rats were divided randomly into a control group (=6), a model group (=12) and an EA group (=12). We ligated the left anterior descending artery (LAD) for MI model in the model group and EA group, and exposed the heart after opening the chest without ligation in the control group. EA, 2 Hz /15 Hz and 1.5-2 mA, was applied at bilateral"Neiguan"(PC 6) in the EA group for 20 min, once a day for continuous 5 days. No intervention except grabbing and fixation was used in the control group and model group. We applied 2% TTC staining to observe the infarct size of myocardium, colorimetry to analyze serum lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), radio-immunity assessment to detect cardiac troponin T (cTnT), Western blot to evaluate the adenosine A1 receptor (A1AR), A2aAR, A2bAR and A3AR.

RESULTSAfter treatment, myocardial infarction of (27.56±3.24)% was obvious in the model group; the myocardial infarction in the EA group was (21.04±3.61)%, with statistical significance (<0.05). The expressions of serum LDH, CK, CK-MB and cTnT levels in the model group increased compared with those in the control group (all<0.01), and the expressions of LDH, CK, CK-MB and cTnT levels in the EA group decreased compared with those in the model group (<0.05，<0.01). The A1AR expression in the model group was not different from that in the control group (>0.05), and A2aAR、A2bAR、A3AR expressions decreased (<0.05,<0.01). A2aAR and A2bAR expressions in the EA group increased compared with those in the model group (both<0.01), and there was no statistical significance between A1AR and A3AR expressions (both>0.05). .

CONCLUSIONEA may achieve cardioprotective effect by regulating the expressions of A2aAR and A2bAR in myocardial tissue, which induce the corresponding signal cascade for reducing myocardial infarction area.