Objective:To study the dynamic expression of Nogo-A in hippocampus of rats after carbon monoxide poisoning,and to explore the effect and influence of Nogo-A in the damage to nervous system after carbon monoxide poisoning.Methods:Thirty male SD rats were randomly divided into NC group(n=6),CO group(n=6),CO-24 h group(n=6),CO-48 h group(n=6),CO-7d group(n=6).The method of injection CO gas was used to establish the carbon monoxide poisoning model.Then immunohistochemical (IHC) and Western blot (WB) techniques were used to observe dynamic expression of Nogo-A in hippocampus of rats at several time intervals after carbon monoxide poisoning and to analyze its change law.Results:IHC results showed that the average optical density value of expression of Nogo-A in NC group,CO group,CO-24 h group,CO-48h group and CO-7d group were 0.0928± 0.0038,0.01172± 0.0042,0.1452± 0.0056,0.1271 ± 0.0057,0.1088± 0.0055.WB results showed that the expression of Nogo-A in hippocampus after carbon monoxide poisoning was significantly higher than that in NC group(P＜0.05),and reached the highest level at 24 h,then had a gradual recovery after 24h.The expression of Nogo-A decreased obviously,but still higher than that of NC group by day 7 (P＜0.05).Conclusions:In this study,the increase of expression of Nogo-A was associated with carbon monoxide poisoning.The expression of Nogo-A reached the highest level at 24h,then had a gradual recovery after 24 h.

Objective: To investigate the characteristics of intestinal microflora among flying personnel with hyperlipidemia, so as to provide insights into prevention of hyperlipidemia among flying personnel. Methods : Flying personnel diagnosed with hyperlipidemia in a sanatiorium from October 2020 to February 2021 were included in the hyperlipidemia group, while flying personnel with normal blood lipids during the same period served as controls. Subjects' age, family history, physical examinations and blood testing results were collected from both groups. Fecal samples were collected, and intestinal microflora was sequenced followed by bioinformatics analysis. The diversity and abundance of intestinal microflora were compared, and the key bacteria were screened using LEfSe analysis. Results: There were 29 subjects in the hyperlipidemia group with a median age (interquartile range) of 34 (12) years and 25 subjects in the control group with a median age (interquartile range) of 30 (12) years, and all subjects were men. There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of age, flight duration, smoking, family history of metabolic diseases and waist circumference (P>0.05). The Shannon diversity index of intestinal microflora was lower in the hyperlipidemia group than in the control group (Z=4.370, P=0.026), and there was a significant difference in the overall structure of intestinal flora between the two groups, which were clustered into two groups. LEfSe analysis identified Herbaspirillum, Atopobium and Eggerthella as key microorganisms in the hyperlipidemia group, and Agathobacter, Dialister, norank_Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group, Alloprevotella and unclassified Bacteroidales as key microorganisms in the control group. Conclusions The species diversity and relative abundance of intestinal microflora are lower in flying personnel with hyperlipidemia than in those with normal blood lipids. Herbaspirillum, Atopobium and Eggerthella may be the key bacteria contributing to hyperlipidemia among flying personnel.

Objective To evaluate the clinical significance of antiplatelet antibody in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus complicated with thrombocytopenia.Methods Antiplatelet antibody (anti-GP Ⅱb/Ⅲa antibody, anti-GP Ⅰb/Ⅸ antibody, anti-GP Ⅰa/Ⅱ a antibody, anti-GP Ⅳ antibody) were detected by modified antigen capture ELISA. The positive rate of antiplatelet antibody between SLE complicated with thrombocytopenia group and without thrombocytopenia group before therapy were compared,and the positive rate of antiplatelet antibody before therapy and after therapy in SLE complicated with thrombocytopenia were compared,and the relevance between antiplatelet antibody and conditions in SLE complicated with thrombocytopenia were analyzed. Rank test and Chi square test were used for statistical analysis. Results The positive rate of anti-GP Ⅱb/Ⅲa antibody and anti-GP Ⅰb/Ⅸ antibody in SLE complicated with thrombocytopenia group before therapy was 50% and 67% respectively, however,the positive rate in SLE without thrombocytopenia group before therapy was 11% and 28% respectively,there was significant difference between the two groups (P＜0.05) and the positive rate of anti-GP Ⅱb/Ⅲa antibody and anti-GP Ⅰb/Ⅸ antibody in SLE complicated with thrombocytopenia group after therapy was 6% and 28% respectively, which was significantly lower than those before therapy (P＜0.05). In SLE complicated with thrombocytopenia group before therapy, there was significant relevance between anti-GP Ⅱb/Ⅲ a antibody and anti-GP[b/Ⅸ antibody, and there was significant relevance between these two antibodies and SLEDAI score,but no significant relevance between these two antibodies and ANA,dsDNA, ANCA. Neither anti-GPⅣ antibody nor anti-GP Ⅰ a/Ⅱ a antibody was detected in patients of this study. Conclusion The positive rate of antiplatelet antibody (anti-GP Ⅱb/Ⅲ a antibody, anti-GP Ⅰb/Ⅸ antibody) is significantly higher in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus complicated with thrombocytopenia,and these two antibodies are significantly associated with clinical outcomes.

Purpose To investigate the clinical value of gated myocardial perfusion imaging (GMPI) quantitative analysis technique in evaluating left ventricular remodeling and its effects on left ventricular function in patients with myocardial infarction (MI). Materials and Methods Seventy-six cases of MI patients were retrospectively analyzed, including pure left anterior descending artery (LAD) disease in 21 cases , left circumlfex artery (LCX) or right coronary branch (RCA) disease in 23 patients and multivessel disease in 32 cases. Seventy-four healthy people were additionally selected as control group. GMPI was performed on all subjects. Reconstruction images were automatically analyzed by using cardiac software QGS 2009 to obtain left ventricular remodeling index, including diastolic sphericity index (SIED) and end-systolic sphericity index (SIES). Cardiac function parameters were also obtained, including left ventricular end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and peak iflling rate (PFR). Differences of the left ventricular remodeling index and cardiac function parameters between the MI group and the control group were compared to analyze the relationship between left ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction and coronary artery lesions. Results SIED, SIES and EDV, ESV in MI group were signiifcantly higher than those in the normal group (P<0.01). The cardiac function parameters of LVEF and PFR were significantly lower than those of the normal group (P<0.01). SIED and SIES in the group of LAD lesions and multi-vessel disease were signiifcantly higher than those in the LCX/RCA lesion group (P<0.05). The left ventricular remodeling was occurred more often in LAD lesion group and multi-vessel disease group than in the LCX/RCA lesion group (χ2=6.502 and 10.166, P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the LAD lesions group and multi-vessel disease group (χ2=0.105, P>0.05). Linear regression analysis showed that LVEF and PFR in group of left ventricular remodeling was signiifcantly lower with the increase of SIED (F=43.231 and 15.642, P<0.01). SIED and SIES analysis resulted in high correlation for both intra-observer and inter-observer (r=0.881-0.926, P<0.01). Conclusion Left ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction can be accurately evaluated by GMPI. Patients with myocardial infarction due to LAD or multi-vessel coronary artery diseases may have left ventricular remodeling easier and more severe. Left ventricular remodeling will seriously affect the myocardial contraction and diastolic function, resulting in the entire left ventricular dysfunction.

Objective:To investigate the effects of enteral immunonutrition on the intestinal barrier function and immune function in patients with severe pneumonia.Methods:Ninety patients with severe pneumonia were randomly divided into experimental group (n =45) and control group (n =45).All patients were received conventional therapy.In addition,patients in experimental group were given enteral immunonutrition,while patients in control group were given regular enteral nutrition.The changes of general conditions,intestinal barrier function index and immune function index were determined before treatment,on day 5 and 10 after treatment.The time of invasive mechanical ventilation,APACHE Ⅱ score and clinical effects of two groups were determined on day 10 after treatment.Results:Compared with those before treatment,in both groups,body temperature,respiration,heart rate,white blood cell count were all significantly decreased on day 5 and 10 after treatment (P ＜ 0.05).The above parameters were significantly lower in experimental group than control group on day 10 after treatment (P ＜ 0.05).The levels of serum ET,DAO were significantly decreased on day 5 and 10 after treatment in two groups compared with those before treatment (P ＜ 0.05),and these parameters were significantly lower in experimental group than control group(P ＜0.05).The number of CD3 and CD4 positive cell and the ratio of CD4 +/CD8 + were significantly increased on day 5 and 10 after treatment in two groups when compared with those before treatment (P ＜ 0.05),and these parameters were higher in experimental group than those in control group(P ＜ 0.05).The time of invasive mechanical ventilation,APACHE Ⅱ score were lower in experimental group than those in control group on day 10 after treatment (P ＜ 0.05).The rate of clinical response were higher in the experimental group than that in the control group on day 10 after treatment (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion:Enteral immunonutrition is more effective in protecting the intestinal barrier function,improving the immune status,enhancing the immunity,reducing the time of invasive mechanical ventilation,and achieving the clinical effects of patients with severe pneumonia.

Objective To analyze the status of Leishmania infantum asymptomatic infection in human population of a Kala-azar endemic area in Wenxian County,Gansu Province,and to evaluate the tests used.Methods Blood samples were tested by PCR using two pairs of primers,RV1-RV2 and K13A-K13B,for detecting Leishmania-specific DNA.ELISA and rK39-dipstick were used to detect Leishmania-specific antibodies.Results The positive rate of PCR,ELISA and rK39-dipstick was 30.9%(83/269),24.2%(65/269) and 0(0/269) respectively.Conclusion The prevalence of asymptomatic infection of L.infantum in humans is high in the area.PCR test based on RV1-RV2 and K13A-K13B primer pairs is a sensitive and specific method for detecting the asymptomatic infection.

AIM: To explore the effect of chronic enhanced external counterpulsation(EECP) on the protein expression in thoracic aorta endothelial cells in porcine with hypercholesteremia by proteomic techniques.METHODS: After performed EECP for 36 h on the hypercholesteremia porcines,the endothelial cells(ECs) were collected from the thoracic aorta and analyzed with proteomic techniques.RESULTS: Six kinds of protein were detected in ECs in the EECP group,but not in the hypercholesteremia control group.CONCLUSION: Chronic EECP may protect ECs against damage resulted from hypercholesteremia by regulating protein expression in artery ECs,subsequently improving cell adhesion and intracellular lipid metabolism and reducing ECs apoptosis.

Frailty is an age-related syndrome mainly characterized by a decreased physical reserves and the development of multi-system disorders,which damage the protective ability of organism to exterior and interior stressor of harmful stimuli,and the protective ability of organism to maintain homeostasis,finally to increase the susceptibility and vulnerability to stressor of harmful stimuli.One focus is to investigate the correlation between physical and cognitive functions in elderly people as the basis of exploration for the association between frailty and cognitive decline.Several epidemiological studies have reported an idea that frailty increases the risk of cognitive decline which interactively increases the risk of frailty.This suggests that cognition impairment interacts with frailty in the ageing process.This paper reviews the potential association between frailty and cognitive impairment on the basis of the evidence on neuropathology,hormonal dysregulation,nutrition condition,chronic inflammation,vascular disease risk,and psychological factor.

Objective To assess left ventricular remodeling (LVRM) after acute myocardial in-farction (AMI) quantitatively by SPECT gated myocardial perfusion imaging (GMPI), and further explore its influencing factors. Methods Twelve Ba-Ma miniature swine were used to establish AMI model. GMPI was performed at the baseline (before AMI), 24 h, 1 and 4 weeks after AMI. Infarct expansion index, left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV), left ventricular ejection fraction ( LVEF) and myocardial perfusion defect were measured. Meanwhile, creatine kinase isozyme MB (CK-MB) and hypersensitive cardiac troponin I (hs-cTn I) were detected. The changes of LVEDV and LVESV before and after AMI (ΔLVEDV and ΔLVESV) were calculated. Repeated measurement analy-sis of variance, the least significant difference t test and Pearson correlation analysis were performed. Re?sults Nine AMI swine were successfully created. LVRM was present 24 h after AMI. LVEDV and LVESV were significantly greater than those before AMI and aggravated within 1 week after AMI, then were down-wards at 4 weeks after AMI. Before AMI, 24 h, 1 and 4 weeks after AMI, the LVEDV was (34.44±7. 90), (47.56±22.66), (71.89±14.90) and (70.33±19.47) ml (F = 28.836, P<0.001), and the LVESV was (10.11±5.49), (25.33±11.62), (40.89±15.88) and (35.44±17.11) ml (F = 22.450, P<0. 001). In-farct expansion index increased progressively within 4 weeks after AMI (F= 16.054, P<0.001). LVEF was significantly lower after AMI than that before AMI (F = 18.267, P<0.001) and improved at 4 weeks after AMI compared to that at 1 week ((52.56±14.96)％ vs (45.11±15.80)％; t= 2.440, P<0. 05). There was a significant correlation between the change in perfusion defect and the ΔLVEDV or ΔLVESV (r values:0. 731 and 0.700, both P<0.05) at 1 week after AMI. In addition, hs-cTn I at 24 h was correlated withΔLVEDV at 24 h and 4 weeks after AMI, respectively (r values: 0.669 and 0.693, both P<0.05). Conclu?sions LVRM and cardiac dysfunction occur in the early period after AMI. LVRM and cardiac dysfunction are most severe at 1 week after AMI, and recover at 4 weeks after AMI, whereas infarct expansion is aggra-vated within 4 weeks. Infarct size and hs-cTn I are closely related to the degree of LVRM.

Objective To evaluate the dynamic changes of left ventricular mechanical synchrony in the early period after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) by two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging (2D-STI) and real time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT-3DE),and analyze the correlation with phase analysis of single photo emission computed tomography gated myocardial perfusion imaging (SPECT GMPI) in porcine models,and further to investigate the clinical significance of left ventricular mechanical dyssynchrony in patients with AMI.Methods Bama minipigs(n =11) were subjected to left anterior descending (LAD) occlusion by balloon to introduce AMI porcine models.All animals underwent 2D-STI and RT-3DE at the baseline (before AMI),1 day,1 week and 4 weeks after LAD occlusion,respectively.In addition,SPECT GMPI was measured at baseline and 1 day after AMI.Data was analyzed and compared the dynamic changes of left ventricular mechanical synchrony before and after AMI.Then the correlation between echocardiography and SPECT GMPI in evaluating left ventricular mechanical synchrony before and after AMI were calculated.Results Eight pigs were successfully established as AMI models and complete the study.SPECT GMPI,2D-STI and RT-3DE showed that the left ventricular mechanical synchrony indexes were significantly higher at 1 day after AMI than those before AMI,which means the appearance of left ventricular mechanical dyssynchrony.Compared with those 1 day after AMI,GLS,Time SD,Tmsv16-SD％ and Tmsv16-Dif％ did not change significantly at 1 week after AMI,but they significantly increased at4 weeks after AMI (all P ＜0.05).At baseline and 1 day after AMI,the GLS measured by 2D-STI and the SPECT GMPI parameter phase bandwidth (BW) showed good correlation(r =0.708-0.719,P ＜0.05),Time SD was significantly correlated with the SPECT GMPI parameter phase standard deviation (SD)(r =0.717-0.830,P ＜0.05),while Tmsv16-Dif％ derived from RT-3DE had a better positive correlation with BW (r =0.713-0.857,P ＜0.05),as similar as Tmsv16-SD％ with SD(r =0.803-0.957,P ＜0.05).Conclusions Left ventricular mechanical dyssynchrony is present 1 day after AMI.Compared with that 1 day after AMI,left ventricular mechanical dyssynchrony doesn't change significantly at 1week after AMI,but further aggravates at 4 weeks after AMI.The parameters of 2D-STI and RT-3DE have good correlation with the mechanical synchrony parameters measured by SPECT GMPI.2D-STI and RT-3DE can be used as reliable methods to evaluate left ventricle mechanical dyssynchrony early after AMI.