Objective To investigate the effects of continuous passive motion (CPM) protocols on outcomes of total knee arthroplasty. Methods Seventy-two patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty were divided into 2 groups and treated with different CPM protocols: group 1 with CPM from 0 degree to 40 degrees and increased by 10 degrees per day, while group 2 with CPM from 90 degrees to 50 degrees (early flexion) and gradually progressed to full extension over a 4-day period. The CPM was administered twice a day for 1 hour over a 7-day period. All the patients participated in the same postoperative physiotherapy program. Results Group 2 (the early flexion group) had significantly more range of motion than group 1. Conclusion The early flexion can help achieve favorable functional gain after total knee arthroplasty.

Our experiment aims to compare the effects of "energy-containing lactated Ringer's solution"(EL-RS) with those of "lactated Ringer's solution" (LRS) as an initial resuscitation fluid for the treatment of traumatic shock in rabbits. Deep shock animal models were produced in 74 adult rabbits using the method of pincers pressure and Wiggers' hemorrhagic shock method to produce crush injury of the soft tissue on the thigh and comminuted fracture of the femur. Results showed that blood pressure of the experimental group rose more rapidly than control group and the survival time of the former were longer than the later. The lowering of serum lactate and blood pH etc. showed a similar difference. It is suggested that ELRS is more efficient than LRS for the treatment of traumatic shock in rabbits.

Objective To evaluate, the long-term results of pacemaker implantation in 122 elderly patients. Methods A long-term follow-up was carried out in 122 elderly patients (≥ 70 years old, elderly group)and 109 non-elderly patients (< 70 years old,non-elderly group)who received pacemaker implantation. The elinical characteristics, complications and quality of life were compared. Results The mean follow-up time was (8.22±6.01) years and (7.74±5.82) years respectively. The successful rate of the follow-up was 100%. The overall postoperative complications about pacemaker pocket and the prevalence of atrial fibrillation occurred in elderly group were higher than those in non-elderly group (4.10% vs 0, 21.31% vs 10.09%, P< 0.05).The heart function failure was the main cause of the death in elderly group. The stroke and uremia were the main causes of the death in non-elderly group. There was no significant difference in the improvement of the life quality in both groups (P>0.05). Conclusions The pacemaker implantation is a safe and effective therapy for treatment of elderly patients with bradyeardia, and can improve the quality of elderly patients' life. Optimal mode for elderly patients will be given according to the physiological characteristics and the types of bradycardia.

Objective To study the mechanism of the hyperuricemia among the middle and elderly populations. Methods Serum uric acid, creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), fasting gluose (FG), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) were detected in 1073 subjects with hyperuricemia and 1235 subjects with normal serum uric acid as control of middle and elder groups. Results The means of Cr, BUN, FG, TG ,TC in hyperuricemia were significantly higher than those in the control group,respectively (males: t′ =7. 508,P ＜0.05;t′ =9. 484,P ＜0.05;t=6.208,P＜0.05;t′ =7.055,P ＜0.05;t = 5. 097,P ＜0.05;females;t′ = 11.221,P ＜0.05;t′= 8.314,P ＜0.05 ;t =5. 641 ,P ＜0.05 ;t′ =8. 328 ,P ＜0.05 ;t =7. 227 ,P ＜ 0.05). In males,the mean of the BUN; FG and TG were significant different among the different age groups (the control group: F = 3. 500, P ＜ 0.05; F = 5. 607, P ＜0.05 ;F =3. 378,P ＜0.05 ;the hyperuricemia group: F= 15.400,P ＜0.05 ;F =5. 111 ,P ＜0.05 ;F = 11. 143 ,P ＜0.05), the positive rate of BUN, Cr, FG and TG were significant different among the different age groups (control group:χ2 = 17. 112,P ＜ 0.05;χ2 =7. 807,P ＜0.05 ;χ2 = 17. 829,P ＜0.05;χ2=8.433,P ＜0.05; hyperuricemia group:χ2 =35. 587,P ＜0.05 ;χ2 =83. 005 ,P ＜0.05 ;χ2 =41. 639,P ＜0.05 ;χ2 =31. 466,P ＜0.05). In the same age group,the mean and the positive rate of BUN and Cr were significantly higher in the hyperuricemia group than in the control group(P ＜ 0.05). The mean of TG was significantly higher in every age group of the hyperuricemia group than controls (P ＜ 0.05), but the positive rate had no significant differences in the age group of ≥ 70 years (P ＞0.05). The mean and the positive rate of FG and TC were significant differences in middle age group between the hyperuricemia and the control group (P ＜ 0.05), but were no differences in elder age group(P ＞ 0.05). In females,the mean and positive rate of Cr, BUN, FG,TG and TC were significant different in different age groups of the controls(BUN:F = 13. 759,P ＜0.05;χ2 = 19. 491 ,P ＜0.05; FG: F = 13. 554,P ＜0.05;χ2 = 33. 438,P ＜0.05;TG:F= 18. 160,P ＜0.05;χ2 = 16. 978,P ＜0.05;TC: F = 37. 647,P ＜0.05;χ2 =60.547,P ＜0.05) ,but in the hyperuricemia group that were only significant difference in BUN, Cr and TC (BUN:F = 5. 830, P ＜ 0.05; χ2 =11.941,P＜0.05;Cr:F=4.057,P ＜0.05;χ2 =20.097,P＜0.05;TC:F=7.934,P ＜0.05;χ2 = 16.405,P ＜0.05). In same age group compared of all the indices were similar with male. Conclusions The mechanism of serum uric acid increasing are different in middle age and elderly age. In middle age, it is metabolic disturbance. However,in elderly age it is descending of the kidney function.

BACKGROUND:Prosthesis selection for total hip replacement is determined by geometrical matching with femoral medullary cavity of patients and the optimal biodynamics.It is of great significance for elevating outcomes of total hip replacement.OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the biomechanics of four groups of femoral stem prostheses matched with a femar and to get a stem whose mechanics distribution is similar to the normal femur.DESIGN:Controlled observation.SETTING:Department of Orthopaedics of Oriental Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University,Department of Orthopaedics of Changhai Hospital of Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA,and Department of Mechanical and Power Engineering of Shanghai Jiao Tong University.MATERIALS:Experiments were performed at the Laboratory of Life Quality and Machinery Engineering of Department of Mechanical and Power Engineering of Shanghai Jiao Tong University from December 2004 to October 2005.A male volunteer aged 40 years with the normal proximal ferout(175 cm height and 78 kg weight),free from hip disease,were selected.X-ray image of the eutopic femar was shot and wrote into memory in the format of DICOM.The volunteer signed an infonned consent.The experiment was approved by Hospital Ethical Committee.No.Ⅰ prosthesis,Zimmer versys Fiber Metal Taperl 1#,No.Ⅱ prosthesis,Plus APL 2#,No.Ⅲ prosthesis,Welink Ribbed system cementless01#,and No.Ⅳprosthesis,Lima F2L 1# were used in this study.METHODS:The ezDICOM software was used to read files with DICOM format of femoral X-ray image,which was converted into files with bmp format.The image files with bmp format of the proximal femar X ray were introduced with Matlab software after regulation,and the two-dimensional contour data of femar were extracted.Prosthesis matched with the template was set in PhotoShop 7.0 software.The two-dimensional contour data of prosthetic femar were extracted in MATLAB software.The ANSYS software was used to establish the model of geometrical and two-dimensional nonlinearity finite element ncluding femur and femur-femoral stem.Stress distribution in the proximal femur was analyzed and compared by loading.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Stress istribution of the proximal femur.RESULTS:Stress value and distribution of No.Ⅰ prosthesis and No.Ⅳ prosthesis in proximal femur were similar to the normal femar.Moreover,No.Ⅰ prosthesis was better than No.Ⅳ prosthesis.CONCLUSION:The biomechanics of femoral stem prostheses has been evaluated by analyzing and comparing the two-dimensional biomechanics of the femoral stem prostheses based on X-ray and template,which can offer support in optimal rosthesis selection.

Objective To observe effects of meshed relaxing short incisions (MRSI) on the content of endothelin (ET) in rat tension skin flap,and to investigate the mechanism of meshed relaxing short incisions(MRSI) on wound healing process of tension skin flap.Method We designed an experimental model to investigate the change of ET content caused by MRSI and observe the distribution of ET in rat skin flap tissue each period of wound healing.In the meantime,the immunohistochemistry and auto image analysis were employed.Results Our results showed:(1) ET positive immunologic reaction granules involved in small vascular endothelial cell in rat skin flap tissue increased with prolonging of time within 3 days;(2) the content of ET in MRSI group were significant lower than that of hypertension group (P< 0.05) .Conclusion The decrease of ET contents may be one of the causes that MRSI improves microcirculation of skin flap, and reduces edema and facilitates healing of skin flap.

Objective To explore the change of serum thyroid hormone related indicators and the probability of occurrence of thyroid dysfunction abnormality in the patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods 86 patients with T2DM and 61 age-matched and gender-matched individuals with healthy physical examination as controls were selected and detected serum FT3,FT4 and TSH by the electrochemiluminescence method Results The serum FT3,FT4 and TSH in the T2DM group were 5.09 pmol/L, 17.32 pmol/L and 2.81 mIU/L respectively;which in the normal control group were 4.99 pmol/L,17.24 pmol/L and 2.71 mIU/L respectively,the differences between the two groups had no statistical significance(P >0.05).Among 86 cases of T2DM,29 cases had the serum abnormal TSH with the abnormal rate of 33.7%,which in the control group was 14.8% with statistical difference between the two groups(P <0.05).Among T2DM patients,the TSH abnormal rate of in females was 42.1%,which was higher than 17.2% in males.Conclusion The serum thyroid hormone detection is necessary for the T2DM patients,especially female pa-tients,which is conducive to early screening,prevention and treatment.

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)165 cDNA were inserted into the expression plasmid pcDNA3.1 site in an antisense orientation to produce antise VEGF165 expression vector.Then electrophoresis and sequencing were carried out,the antisense vector were verified and could be used for related study of antisense gene expression.

Vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) is a kind of protein facilitating the angiogenesis,which can combine with its special receptor. The 2 major functions of VEGF are:(1) accelerate the proliferation of endothelial cells,leading to the formation of new vessels;(2) up regulation of the vessels permeability.The activity of the VEGF is regulated by various factors at different levels,such as: hypoxia, oncogene,the cytokine, the intercellular matrix, etc .The biological character and role of VEGF were summarized in this article with special emphasis on VEGF function and regulation.

Objective:To analyze and compare the clinical outcomes of total knee arthroplasty with patella arthroplasty and patella replacement. Methods: From May 1999 to January 2004, 251 knees in 203 patients (45 males and 158 females; age range: 25 to 91 years, average 62.8 years) with osteoarthritis (206 knees) and rheumatoid arthritis (45 knees) were evaluated using a questionnaire during physical examination. Totally 137 knees underwent patella arthroplasty and 114 underwent patella replacement, with a mean follow-up of 28.1 months. The patients were scored using KSS Score, Feller Score and British Orthopedics Association Patient-satisfaction Score. Results: Patella arthroplasty and replacement showed no obvious difference in post-operative improvement of the knee score, knee function score, patella function score and range of flexion and extent of knee. Compared with patella replacement group, patella arthroplasty group had a higher patient satisfaction rate (P