Objective To explore the change and clinical significance of serum triglycerides and total cholesterol of patients with Vascular dementia (VD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods 54 cases of VD and 78 cases of AD were examined. 50 cases of healthy adult were enrolled as the control group. Results The serum triglyceride [(1.98?0.98) mmol/L, (12.13?1.0) mmol/L] in VD patients and total cholesterol [(6.52?1.42 mmol/L, (6.36?1.15) mmol/L] in AD patients were significantly higher than those of the control group [(1.32?0.88) mmol/L,(5.45?0.93) mmol/L](P0.05). Conclusion The serum triglyceride and total cholesterol of patients with VD and AD were much higher than those of normal healthy persons. It is conducive to lower the triglyceride and total cholesterol for the prevention and treatment of these two diseases.

Pem gene is one of the homeobox gene. Unlike members of Hox gene family, Pem gene is unique located at the proximal end of the X chromosome and its expression has been detected in several immortalized and transformed cells, placenta, embryos and reproductive tissues. Numeral studies showed that its expression is controlled by hormone such as androgen. This review discussed the possible role of Pem in regulating genes involved in the differentiation and development of extraembryonic tissue, spermatogenesis and sperm maturation.

ObjectiveTo explore the application effect of the quantization table of nursing practice risk in clinical teaching of nursing students. MethodsThe quantization table of nursing practice risk was designed.106 intemships were selected as the control group in our hospital from June 2008 to April 2009,the original nursing practice risk management measures were implemented in the control group.105 internships from June 2009 to April 2010 were set as the observation group,the quantization table of nursing practice risk was applied in this group.The risk awareness,nursing defects and other indices were compared between the two groups. ResultsThe risk awareness,operation assessment,percentage of nursing defects and blood- borne occupational exposure were significantly better than the control group. ConclusionsApplication of the quantization table can improve the risk awareness of nursing students and teaching quality,and safeguard nursing safety.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effect of special rectification on the rational use of antibiotics and relieving bacterial resistance. METHODS:It was divided into groups based on the before and after 3 years of special rectification. The data of related index and bacterial resistance of antibiotics in the clinical use in 2 groups were compared. RESULTS:After special rectification, the use rate of antibiotics in inpatients was decreased from 77%to 55%,use intensity was decreased from 86 DDDs/(100 person· d) to 39 DDDs/(100 person·d),the prophylactic use rate of antibiotics for typeⅠincision surgery was decreased from 98% to 27%,the antibiotics prescriptions of patients in outpatient and emergency departments were respectively decreased from 36% to 12% and 49% to 23%. The submission rate of microbiological testing specimens was increased from 20.2% to 38.8%,submission rate of sterile site specimens was increased from 29.8% to 37.6%. The detection rate of fungus was decreased from 14.4% to 11.2%. The detection rates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae producing extended-spectrum β- lactamases (ESBLs) strains were respectively decreased from 57.3% to 51.3% and 43.2% to 36.1%. The total detection rate of top 5 multi-drug resis-tant bacteria was decreased from 48.4% to 29.3%,however,the detection rate of Acinetobacter baumannii was increased to 80.7%,and the resistance rates of Acinetobacter baumannii to imipenem and meropenem were respectively 66.9% and 69.1%. There was an increasing trend for Klebsiella pneumoniae to 1,2 and 3-generation cephalosporins,piperacillin amoxicillin/tazobac-tam,imipenem,meropenem. CONCLUSIONS:Special rectification of antibiotics has obvious effect on the rational use of antibiot-ics and relieving bacterial resistance in the clinic,and it improves the management of clinical use of antibiotics in hospital. Howev-er,bacterial resistance situation is still grim,it needs to establish a long-term management mechanism of clinical use of antibiotics, strengthen the monitoring pathologic examination and monitoring of bacterial resistance,and strictly perform hand hygiene and dis-infection and isolation system.

The contents of dopamine (DA) and its metabolites, homovanillic acid (HVA) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl acetic acid(DOPAC), in both striata were determined with HPLC-EC technique in each of 28 albino rats, which were divided into 3 groups (bilateral lesioned, unilateral lesioned and healthy control groups). Among the unilateral lesioned rats, three indices such as DA, HVA/DA and DOPAC/DA in the lesioned striata were 22.27％, 420.00％ and 199.75％ of those of the intact striata, respectively. This suggests that there may be an enhanced compensatory DA release in the striatum ipsilateral to the lesion of the rat. Having compared the lesioned striata of unilateral lesioned rats with those of bilateral lesioned animals, and the intact striata of unilateral lesioned rats with those of the control ones, we did not find any significant differences in DA, HVA/DA or DOPAC/DA. The result implies that the compensatory DA release in the lesioned striatum probably accounts for the mechanism of the ipsilateral nigrostriatal system, not for the crossed nigrostriatal fibers.

Background:High-fat diet leads to intestinal mucosa barrier dysfunction,but the mechanism is not clear. High-fat diet can induce increase of bile acid. Aims:To investigate whether the high bile acid induced by high-fat diet could act on intestinal stem cell to disrupt stem cell differentiation and imparing the intestinal mucosa. Methods:Twenty-four rats were divided into 3 groups:fed with regular diet,high-fat diet and high-fat diet + cholestyramine,respectively,for 2 weeks. Serum bile acid was detected by ELISA. Ileal diameter was measured and HE staining was performed to observe histology of intestinal mucosa. Expression of Lgr5 gene was determined by RT-qPCR. Ileal tissue fed with regular diet was cultured with deoxycholic acid(DCA)or DCA + cholestyramine for 24 hours in vitro,expression of Lgr5 gene was determined by RT-qPCR. Results:Compared with control group,serum bile acid was significantly increased(P < 0. 05),ileal diameter was significantly decreased,height of intestinal crypts and villus was significantly decreased(P < 0. 05),and expression of Lgr5 gene was significantly decreased in high-fat diet group(P < 0. 01). All the above-mentioned indices were significantly ameliorated in high-fat diet + cholestyramine group(P < 0. 05). In vitro study showed that expression of Lgr5 gene was significantly decreased in DCA group than in control group(P < 0. 01),and cholestyramine could significantly increase expression of Lgr5 gene(P < 0. 05). Conclusions:High-fat diet induced increasing of circulatory bile acid can cause injury of intestinal mucosa by inhibiting stem cell function,which can be ameliorated by cholestyramine.

AIM: To construct recombinant adenovirus vector carrying the gene of human somatostatin receptor type 2(SSTR2) for gene therapy of pancreatic carcinoma.METHODS: SSTR2 cDNA was inserted into adenovirus shuttle plasmid pDC316,named pDC316-SSTR2.pDC316-SSTR2 was cotransfected with rescue plasmid pBHGlox(delta) E1,3Cre into 293 cells by liposome reagent.Ad-SSTR2 was generated by site-specific recombination and confirmed by PCR.Ad-SSTR2 was propagated in 293 cells and purified.The titer of viral stock was determined by end-point dilution assay.Western blotting was used to determine the expression of SSTR2 protein after human pancreatic carcinoma cell capan-2 was infected with recombinant adenovirus.RESULTS: pDC316-SSTR2 was successfully constructed.Recombinant adenovirus Ad-SSTR2 was acquired by pDC316-SSTR2 and pBHGlox(delta) E1,3Cre cotransfected into 293 cells.Ad-SSTR2 was characterized by PCR.The virus titer was 6.0?10~(12) pfu/L.SSTR2 protein was detected after adenovirus infected capan-2 48 h with Western blotting.CONCLUSION: The recombinant adenovirus vector encoding human SSTR2 is successfully constructed and correctly expressed in pancreatic carcinoma cells.This investigation provides the basis for study of gene therapy of pancreatic carcinoma.

Objective To explore the relationship between tongue conditions and hemorrheology in acute stage of cerebral hemorrhage and to increase the accuracy of tongue conditions for the syndrome differentiation of acute stage of cerebral hemorrhage.Methods Eighty-eight qualified patients were enrolled into this study.The tongue conditions(tongue color,tongue coating and tongue shape) and hemorrheological indexes(whole blood viscosity,whole blood reduced viscosity,plasma viscosity,hematocrit and fibrinogen) were examined,and their relationship was also analyzed.Results The changes of tongue shape was obvious and low-shear whole blood viscosity was increased in the swollen tongue group(P

AIM: To study the interrelation between the structure and the function of artificial ribozyme M_1GS. METHODS: Ribozyme M_1GS-T_7, which targeted the mRNA segment of HCMV UL54 gene, was constructed. The secondary structure of M_1GS was simulated under different temperatures (20 ℃, 37 ℃ or 55 ℃, at which the secondary structure of M_1GS was relatively stable) and the interrelation between the secondary structure and the cleavage activity of M_1GS was analyzed under different temperature in vitro. To investigate the interrelation between the structure and the function of ribozyme M_1GS further, mM_1GS-T_7 was designed, in which some mutation sites was added, according to the result of temperature change experiment and the simulated secondary structure, showing that were the same structures at 37 ℃ as that of M_1GS-T_7 at 55 ℃. RESULTS: In temperature change experiment, the cleavage activity of M_1GS-T_7 was highest at 55 ℃. The result of mutant experiment showed that the mutant type was more active than M_1GS-T_7 at 37 ℃. CONCLUSION: The cleavage activity of M_1GS, which has some certain secondary structure, is higher than others. There is some interrelation between the structure and the function of M_1GS.

The human venous valve of the brachial,femoral and long saphenous veins wereexamined with light,transmission and scanning electron microscopy.The observationshows that the venous valve is composed of three functional layers covered withendothelium on both surfaces.A loosely structured layer is located underlying theendothelium.A network mainly containing randomly oriented elastic fibers was foundnear the side towards the lumen.To the side towards the venous wall,there is adense layer composed of eircumferentially and transversly oriented collagen bundles.Some smooth muscle cells extend from the wall of the vein to the base of thevenous valve.The elastic fibers and smooth muscle cells together with the collagenfibers contribute to the mechanical load-bearing performance of the valve and to thepassive closing and openning mechanism.In addition,the smooth muscle cells mightplay an active role in the normal functioning of the valve.The scanning and transmission electron microscopy of venous valve showdifferent arrangement of the endothelium.On the surface of the valve next to the wallof the vein,the endothelial cells are transversely arranged,while on the othersurface over which the current of blood flows,the cells are longitudinally arrangedin the direction of the current.These accord with the role of fluid mechanics.12 normal venous valves were tested by universal testing instrument (Instrontype 1122).The mean value of the maximum tension of the valve is 1 N.Theaverage value of the tensile ultimate strength is 10N/mm~2.