Objective To explore the impact of hypoxia/reoxygenation stimulation on phenotype and immune activity of dendritic cells(DCs) cultured from murine bone marrow. Methods Mouse DCs were generated from bone marrow cells and were divided into control group and hypoxia/reoxygenation group. DC in control group was cultured at normal condition, and in hypoxia/reoxygenation group was cultured at hypoxic condition for 4 h followed by cultured at normal condition for 24 h. Flow cytometry and mixed lym-phocyte reaction(MLR) was used to detect the phenotype and functional properties of DCs. ELISA was used to detect the concentration of TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-12 in the supernalant, Imrounochemistry was used to de-tect the concentration of NF-κB. Results Hypoxia/reoxygen stimulation increased the CD80, CD86, MHC Ⅱ in the cytomembrane of DCs and TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-12 concentration in the supernalant. Hypoxia/reoxy-gen stimulation also promoted the shift of NF-κB to karyon. Conclusion Under hypoxia/reoxygen stimula-tion, DCs express high level of surface molecules, and possess strong immune activity.

Formula granule of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been characterized as a safe medication with the advantages of accurate dosage and easy to carry.In this study,references over current status of the development of TCM formula granule were retrieved,so were those of the market situation and its application to intelligent pharmacy of TCM.Then the key problems restricting the development of the application of TCM granules were discussed,in hope of providing a reference for the development and its application to the intelligent pharmacy of TCM.

Objective To observe the effect of the body weight support training (BWST) on walking ability of children with cerebral palsy (CP). Methods 50 children with CP were divided into the BWST group （n=30） and control group（n=20）. All cases were treated with physical therapy, but the BWST group were added with BWST. The scores of D and E dimensions of the Gross Motor Function Measure Scale (GMFM) were used to assess the walking ability before and after the treatment, respectively. Results The scores of D and E dimensions of GMFM improved in both groups after treatment (P<0.01), and that of the BWST group improved more than control group （P＜0.05）. Conclusion BWST can facilitate the recovery of the walking ability after cerebral palsy.

Objective To compare the efficacy of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and methylprednisolone on the rat models of infantile spasms (IS).Methods The SD rats on postnatal 10 day (P10) were divided into blank group (n =18),control group (n =18) and model group (n =110) according to the random number table method.The rats of model group were prepared by adopting prenatal stress exposure and N-methyl-D aspartate (NMDA) injection.In the model group,after inducing epileptic seizures,the rats were divided into different groups (18 rats in each group) according to the random number table method as following:model group Ⅰ (subcutaneous injection ofACTH,50 IU/kg,at P10:14:00,21:00;P11,P12:7:00,14:00,21:00;P13:7:00),model group Ⅱ (subcutaneous injection of 9 g/L saline),model group Ⅲ (intraperitoneal injection of methylprednisolone,60 mg/kg,at P11,P12,P13:9:00,once per day),model group Ⅳ (intraperitoneal injection of 9 g/L saline) and model group Ⅴ (positive control group,with no drug or saline injection).Three days later,epilepsy was induced again,and the rats of model group were intraperitoneally injected with NMDA (12 mg/kg) at P13 (10:00).The rats of control group were injected intraperitoneally with same volume of 9 g/L saline,but the rats of blank group were not treated.Behaviors of rats with epilepsy seizures were observed and epilepsy scores were given.The expression of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) in the hypothalamus of each group was detected by using immunohistochemistry and fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction.The learning and memorizing capacity of the rats were measured by Y-maze experiment.Results There was no death in the model group after the onset of seizure.In the model group Ⅰ,13 cases were attacked(72.22％),and 14 cases were attacked in the model group Ⅲ (78.78％).The level of attack was decreased.The buckling state was not observed in model group and Ⅲ,but the latency period of epilepsy was prolonged and the epilepsy scores were significantly decreased.There were no significant differences of onset latency [(2 369.38 ± 628.70) s vs.(1 922.93 ± 462.36) s] and epilepsy score [(2.15 ± 1.14) scores vs.(2.07 ± 0.83) scores] between the 2 groups (all P ＞ 0.005).The rats of model group Ⅱ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ were all attacked completely and presented buckling state.There was no onset or death in blank group and control group.The number of CRH positive cells and CRH mRNA relative expression of each model group were higher than those in the blank group and control group.The number of CRH positive cells and CRH mRNA expression of model group Ⅰ and Ⅲ were lower than those in model group Ⅱ,Ⅳand Ⅴ,and the differences were significant (all P ＜ 0.002 4).There was no significant difference in the number of CRH-positive cells(39.12 ± 5.98 vs.41.48 ± 7.61) and CRH mRNA relative expression (1.92 ± 0.16 vs.2.06 ± 0.39) between model group Ⅰ and Ⅲ (all P ＞ 0.002 4).No significant difference was found between blank group and control group,or among model group Ⅱ,Ⅳ and Ⅴ (all P ＞ 0.002 4).There were no significant differences in the learning capacity among all groups (F =2.196,P ＞ 0.002 4).The correct response rate after 24 hours of the model group was lower than the blank group and control group,and ACTH and methylprednisolone pretreatment did not influence the memorizing capacity (P ＞ 0.002 4).Conclusion The effect of pretreatment of ACTH is similar to that of methylprednisolone in the rat model of IS.

Objective:To explore the effect of self-efficacy enhancement in patients with femoral neck fracture.Methods:Using the convenience sampling, 80 patients with femoral neck fractures admitted to Hangzhou Xiaoshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2019 to March 2021 were selected as the research object. According to the admission time, 40 patients admitted to the hospital from January to December 2019 were selected as the control group, and 40 patients admitted to the hospital from January 2020 to March 2021 were selected as the observation group. The control group received routine nursing, while the observation group was given self-efficacy enhancement. The differences in Self-efficacy Rehabilitation Outcome Scale (SER) scores, functional exercise compliance and Harris Hip Score (HHS) scores at different time points were compared between the two groups.Results:The SER score of the observation group was higher than that of the control group at the time of discharge, one month after operation, and three months after operation ( P<0.05) . The functional exercise compliance scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group at the time of discharge, one month after operation, and three months after operation ( P<0.05) . The HHS score of the observation group was higher than that of the control group at the time of discharge, one month after operation, and three months after operation ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Self-efficacy enhancement can enhance the self-efficacy of patients with femoral neck fracture, improve their compliance with functional exercise, and promote functional recovery of the hip joint.

Objectives: To describe prevalence of personality dysfuction and personality disorders (PD) and their distribution in senior high school students in Beijing. Methods: By means of cross-sectional study, 10003 senior high school students were investigated by Personality Disorder Questionnaire-fourth edition (PDQ-4), Parental Rearing Questionnaire (Egma Minnen av Bardndosnauppfor-stran, EMBU), General Information Questionnaire, and International Personality Disorder Examination (IPDE) to diagnose PD according to the criteria of ICD-10 and DSM-IV. Results: In the students of first grade, the mean score of PDQ-4 was (25. 38 ± 9. 64). Male students had higher PDQ-4 scroes than those of female. Students in rural high schools had higher PDQ-4 scroes than those of students in urban high schools. Students in general high schools had the highest PDQ-4 scroes, followed by students in disctrict-level key high schools, and the students from city-level key high schools had the lowest PDQ-4 scroes. The prevalence rate of personality dysfunction was 8. 3％ with similar distributions of PDQ-4 scroes by gender, residential area, and rank of school. In the students of third grade, the mean score of PDQ-4 was (23. 10 ± 10. 20). Male students had higher PDQ-4 scroes than those of female. The prevalence rates of personality dysfunction and PD were 5. 8％ and 1. 83％, respectively. The correlation coefficients of EMBU had statistical significances and four common factors were identified by factor analysis. The heritability of overall PD of father and mother were 0. 71 and 0. 72, respectively. The heritability of each PD cluster was higher than 0. 6. Conclusion: The prevalence rates of personality dysfunction and personality disorder in Beijing, China is lower than those in other countries. The genetic factor plays an important role in the development of PD.

Recent studies have found that the pathological changes of Tau proteinopathy, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), involve transmission or circulatory disturbance of synaptic vesicles. This article reviews the relations of AD/PSP with circulatory disturbance of synaptic vesicles and explore the pathogenesis of these diseases, aiming to provide a new perspective for new therapeutic drugs.

Objective To observe the expression of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like recep-tor protein 3(NLRP3)inflammasome in epilepsy model,and to explore the neuroprotective effect of melatonin. Methods SD rats aged 21-30 d were randomly divided into the control group(48 rats),the epilepsy group(48 rats)and the melatonin group(48 rats),and each group was subdivided into 4 subgroups according to the time points of 24 h,48 h, 72 h,and 7 d,with 12 SD rats in each subgroup. Fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohisto-chemical technique were used to analyze the expressions of NLRP3,Caspase-1 and interleukin(IL)-1β in hippocam-pus areas of rats at different points of time after seizures were induced,and their behavior changes were observed. Results The number of NLRP3-positive cells in the epileptic group increased,and reached the peak at 72 h. At 24 h,48 h,72 h,7 d,the number of NLRP3-positive cells in the epilepsy group(14. 20 ± 1. 64,23. 60 ± 1. 14,31. 20 ± 1. 30,25. 40 ± 2. 07)was significantly increased compared with those of the melatonin group(10. 60 ± 0. 89,17. 80 ± 1. 48,24. 00 ± 0. 71,20. 20 ± 1. 92)and the control group(2. 60 ± 0. 89,2. 40 ± 1. 14,2. 40 ± 1. 14,2. 40 ± 0. 55),and the differences were significant(F＝122. 977,375. 125,962. 743,262. 916,all P＜0. 05). The NLRP3 mRNA relative expressions in the epilepsy group (2. 57 ± 0. 12,3. 34 ± 0. 10,4. 84 ± 0. 19,3. 55 ± 0. 13)were significantly increased compared with those of the melatonin group (2. 03 ± 0. 08,2. 71 ± 0. 08,4. 03 ± 0. 14,2. 48 ± 0. 18)and the control group(1. 07 ± 0. 13,1. 08 ± 0. 15,1. 08 ± 0. 23,1. 07 ± 0. 18),and the differences were significant (F ＝422. 386, 1 154. 957,1 132. 112,512. 149,all P ＜0. 05);the Caspase -1 mRNA relative expressions in the epilepsy group (2. 47 ± 0. 07,3. 05 ± 0. 15,4. 39 ± 0. 18,3. 14 ± 0. 11)were significantly increased compared with those of melatonin group(1. 85 ± 0. 07,2. 49 ± 0. 08,3. 60 ± 0. 12,2. 15 ± 0. 12)and the control group (0. 98 ± 0. 25,0. 99 ± 0. 15,0. 98 ± 0. 23,0. 99 ± 0. 18),and the differences were significant(F ＝620. 099,580. 796,1 125. 225,645. 082,all P ＜0. 05);the IL-1β mRNA relative expressions in epilepsy group (2. 32 ± 0. 15,2. 90 ± 0. 18,4. 18 ± 0. 16,2. 74 ± 0. 07)were significantly increased compared with those of the melatonin group (1. 78 ± 0. 09,2. 35 ± 0. 11,3. 24 ± 0. 13,1. 78 ± 0. 16)and the control group(0. 97 ± 0. 13,0. 99 ± 0. 15,0. 97 ± 0. 23,0. 97 ± 0. 18),and the differences were significant(F＝267. 952,398. 767,1 140. 384,438. 962,all P ＜0. 05). Conclusions The NLRP3 inflamma-somes are activated in rat hippocampus with epilepsy induced by lithium-pilocarpine. NLRP3 inflammasome mediated inflammatory response probably involved in the pathogenesis of epilepsy. The melatonin may play a neuroprotective role by inhibiting expression of NLRP3 inflammasome.

Three novel sesquiterpenoid heterodimers,designated as auckcostusolides A-C(1-3),were isolated from Aucklandia costus leaves.The structures of compounds 1-3 were elucidated through comprehensive spectroscopic analysis,with their absolute configurations established using a combination of X-ray single-crystal diffraction and electronic circular dichroism(ECD)calculations.Notably,compounds 1 and 2,despite sharing identical planar structures derived from two identical sesquiterpenoids,exhibited oppos-ite configurations at C-11 and C-8'.This configurational difference can be attributed to distinct Diels-Alder cycloaddition processes between the sesquiterpenoid monomers.Additionally,the cytotoxic effects of compounds 1-3 were evaluated against colorectal can-cer HCT116 cells,fibrosarcoma HT1080 cells,and hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells.Compounds 1-3 induced cell death was characterized by endoplasmic reticulum(ER)swelling and cytoplasmic vacuolization,typical morphological changes associated with paraptosis.Mechanistic studies revealed that compounds 1 and 3 triggered paraptosis-like cell death through the accumulation of react-ive oxygen species(ROS),activation of ER stress,and stimulation of the MAPK signaling pathway.

Objective:To study the prevalence and association factors of depressive and anxiety disorders in the hypertensive population.Methods:Using the database obtained from the 2013 China Chronic Disease and Risk Factor Surveillance and the 2013-2015 China Mental Health Survey,4 861 hypertensive residents were used as study subjects.And using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fourth Edition(DSM-Ⅳ)as diagnostic criterion for depressive and anxiety disorders,the 12-month prevalence was calculated.Multifactorial lo-gistic regression models were used to explore the association factors of hypertension comorbid depressive and anxie-ty disorders.Results:The 12-month prevalence rates of depressive disorders and anxiety disorders were 4.1％and 5.0％in 4 861 hypertensive residents.Chinese Han[OR(95％CI):2.00(1.01-3.93)],lack of sleep[OR(95％CI):1.82(1.34-2.48)],having myocardial infarction[OR(95％CI):2.35(1.18～4.67)]and stroke in the past year[OR(95％CI):2.10(1.19-3.72)],and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease[OR(95％CI):2.11(1.11-4.05)]were risk factors of hypertension comorbid depressive disorder.Hypertensive people with controlled blood pressure[OR(95％CI):2.01(1.30-3.13)]had a higher risk of co-morbid depressive disorder than those with blood pressure above the normal range on this measurement.Chinese Han[OR(95％CI):2.51(1.32-4.80)],Southwest China[OR(95％CI):1.64(1.02-2.63)],and lack of sleep[OR(95％CI):1.45(1.09-1.93)]were risk factors of hypertension comorbid anxiety disorder.Former but current non-smoking[OR(95％CI):0.48(0.23-0.99)]was a protective factor of hypertension comorbid anxiety disorder.Conclusion:The 12-month prevalence of anxiety disorder was higher than that of depressive disorder in this hypertensive population.Both Han and sleep deprived hypertensive people had a higher risk of comorbid depressive and anxiety disorders.