Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of percutaneous nephrolithotomy with holmium laser(YAG laser lithotripsy)for the treatment of renal calculi.Methods Percutaneous puncture was performed under continuous epidural anesthesia,and then a pyeloscope(Wolf F8.5/11.5)was inserted and lithotripsy was carried out by using 200-?m holmium laser fiber(0.6-1.2 J/6-10 Hz).After the procedure,the pieces of the calculi were removed.After the operation,renal fistula was maintained for 3-5 d,urethral catheter was retained for 5-7 d,and double-J catheter was kept for 4-8 weeks.Results Stone removal was achieved with one-stage operation in 130 cases [mean operation time,60 minutes(40-150 minutes);and mean hospital stay,8.5 d(7-10 d)];with two-stage operation in 15 cases [mean hospital stay,14 d(12-16 d)];and with three-stage operation in 5 [mean hospital stay,17 d(15-20 d)].In all the 150 cases,by using single tract,stone-free rate reached 86.0%(129/150)after the first-stage operation,and final stone-free rate was 92.0%(138/150).None of the patients had severe complications after the operation.Conclusion Percutaneous nephrolithotomy by using holmium laser is minimally invasive,effective and safe for patients with renal calculi.

Objective To develop a vaccine for Wilm's tumor in order to lay a foundation for effective treatment and substitute for the radiotherapy and chemotherapy of this tumor. Methods DNA fragments encoding the WT1 antigens (including, HLA-A * 2402 and HLA-A * 2402x), and DNA fragments encoding the couple antigens HLA-A * 2402-HBc and HLA-A * 2402x-HBc were cloned and inserted into the eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1(+) in sense orientation and baculovirus expression pFactbac respectively, then transfected into COS-7 cells and Sf 9 cell respectively. The expression of the target proteins in the cells were identified by CPE, SDS-PAGE and electron microscopy. Virus-like particles were observed under electron microscopy. Results The fusion gene of HLA-A * 2402 and HLA-A * 2402x and HBc express virus-like particle protein. Conclusions This preliminary result shows a hopeful future in developing an effective immunotherapy to Wilm's tumor.

Objective To explore an epicanthoplasty with good effect and small scar. Methods A V shape incision was designed in medial canthus and the two lines: point A is the top point of medial canthus and point A' is the top point of new medial canthus. The length of line AA' is about 4 to 8 mm according to the medial canthus and th incision is Y shape, and then Y-V epicanthoplasty is raised and enlarged. Results From January 2005 to December 2008, 98 cases were treated with this method to eliminate the medial epicanthal fold of the upper eyelid with simple procedures. Scarring of the medial canthal area had not been a problem with this technique because we designed incisions along the eyelashes and skin-mucosal junctions. By raising the point of new medial canthus to physiological position the angle of medial canthus was enlarged to reveal a lacrimal lake. Conclusion This technique is a simple, easy procedures with no visible scar.

OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of the silver sulfadiazine-impregnated hydrocolloid dressing on the pain of nail extraction wound during dressing change and the healing time of wound. METHODS Forty eight patients with nail extraction were randomly divided into two groups: in the study group,whose wound was covered with silver sulfadiazine-impregnated hydrocolloid dressing;in the control group,whose wound was applied vaseline gauze when the nail had been extracted and the wound was applied antibiotic gauze during dressing change.The pain scores of two groups were compared.Two groups were compared with healing time and the times of dressing change. RESULTS The pain scores in the study group were significantly lower than that of the control group.The healing time of wound and the times of dressing change in the study group were less than that of the control one((P

Objective To prepare VP1 protein vaccine of Coxsackievirus A16(CA16) and evalu-ate immunngenicity the subunit vaccines of Coxsackievirus (VP1), and to establish foundation for studying CA16 vaccine. Methods CA16 VP1 was amplified by RT-PCR and cloned into pFastBac HT A plasmid, recombinated with Bacmid DNA by transposition reaction and then transfected Sf9 cell, mixed with adjuvant AI(OH)_3. After immunization BALB/c mice, evaluating immune effectiveness after booster injections 2 weeks. Results The expressed protein was analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot, mice immunized with CA16 (VP1) both induced specific IgG antibody and neutralization antibody. The best immunization antigen was 20 μg, IgG antibody was 1: 1600, neutralization antibody was 1:250, typical Th1/Th2 immune response was determined by lymphocyte proliferation assay and cytokine analysis. Conclusion The CA16 VP1 gene was cloned successfully and expressed in Sf9 insect cells, CA16 VP1 protein vaccine induced both humoral and cellular immune response, to lay solid foundation for further study on CA16 vaccine.

Objective To observe the effects of puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN) and dexamethasone (DEX) on the expression and distribution of pedocin in vitro, and to explore the possible mechanism of DEX in improving proteinuria. Methods Mouse podecyte cells (MPCs) in control group were cultured with RPMI-1640 plus 0.02% DMSO, and were subjected to PAN treatment alone (PAN group) or PAN plus DEX (DEX group) for 8, 24,48 hours respectively. The pedocyte morphology was observed by phase-contrast microscope, and was analyzed by Image J. The distribution, mRNA and protein expression of podocin were detected by indirect immunocytofluorescence, semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. Results The well-developed arborization and interconnection of podocytes were found in control group. PAN treatment led to significant shrinkage of pedocytes with decreased distribution at 43% of control group at 8 h, 10% at 24 h and 5.7% at 48 h (P<0.01), respectively, together with podocyte foot process retraction as well as effacement and loss of cell contact. RT-PCR revealed podoein mRNA expression prone to decrease. Western blot showed podoein protein expression was significantly decreased and immunocytochemistry revealed podoein expression was disappeared in the cellular membrane after PAN treatment. DEX significantly prevented the shrinkage of podcytes, with decreased area at 43.9% of control at 8 h, 26.2% at 24 h and 29.6% at 48 h (P<0.05), respectively, and up-regulated the mRNA and protein expression of podocin at 48 h (P<0.05). The abnormal distribution of podocin was also alleviated by DEX. Conclusion DEX exerts a direct action on podocyte via stabilizing mRNA, protein expression and distribution of podocin, which may be associated with the improvement of proteinuria.

Objective To investigate the application of the parietal branches of superficial temporal artery island flap in the complex scalp defects.Methods A parietal branches of superficial temporal artery island flap on the ectatic scalp flap was designed to repair the complex scalp defects in 25cases and the repairing effect was observed.Results The island flaps were survived completely in 24patients,in which 1 patient had partial necrosis because of the flap tension was too large,but healed after local dressing and debridement.After followed up 6～ 12 months,the color and texture of the flap were the same to the surrounding normal scalp,and the shape was satisfactory.The flap donor site of hair growth was good,with well healing and no obvious complications.Conclusions The parietal branches of superficial temporal artery island flap can repair the complex scalp defects with the flexible flap design and movement.The flap survives well and the repair area is large.The flap and the surrounding scalp connects good.Therefore,it is a good method strongly recommended for small area complex scalp defects repair in clinics.

Objective To investigate the role of Calcineurin binding protein 1(Cabin1)in renal tubular epithelial cells(RTECs)injury. Methods The male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into Sham-oper-ated and 5/6 nephrectomized group. Nephrectomized rats were further divided into two groups ,which were 4 and 8 weeks after operation,including 6 rats in each group. Rats were sacrificed at 4 or 8 weeks after nephrectomy,then control or remnant kidneys were harvested. 2μm sections of kidney tissues were collected and stained with Masson's trichrome and were graded for tubulointerstitial lesion score (TILS). RTECs mitochondrial morphology changes were detected by electron microscope. Western blot was applied to detect Cabin1 protein level in the renal tissue. Results At 8 weeks after the operation,plenty of RTECs fell off from the basement membrane,accompanied with interstitial fibrosis and the infiltration of inflammatory cells. Moreover ,TILS were significantly increased in rats at 8 weeks after operation while compared to sham-operated rats(7.16 ± 0.52 vs. 0.00 ± 0.00,P<0.05). RTECs mi-tochondria begun to swell at 4 weeks after 5/6 nephrectomy,while the disruption of cristae could be found in rats at 8 weeks. Cabin1 protein expression apparently increased in the remnant kidney. Cabin1 protein obviously increased in rats at 8 weeks after the surgery compared to sham-operated rats(0.97 ± 0.09 vs. 0.22 ± 0.07,P<0.05)and rats at 4 weeks after nephrectomy(0.97 ± 0.09 vs. 0.45 ± 0.03,P<0.05). Conclusions Cabin1 is overexpressed during RTECs injury in 5/6 nephrectomized rats. It can be a crucial factor regulating the damage of RTECs.

Objective To verify a method of calculation and prediction by screening the antibacterial components of classical Chinese medicinal herbs (TCM) for anti tuberculosis, and preliminarily evaluate the anti tuberculosis effect of the selected components. Methods The components database of Stemona, Bletilla striata and Chuanbei was established. Dock method was used to predict the anti tuberculosis components from the database, and then mycobacterium smegmatis, MIC and inhibition zone methods were used to evaluate the anti-tuberculosis effect of these predicted components. Results Three ingredients were selected. In vitro experiments also showed that the selected ingredients had the effect of anti-mycobacterium smegmatis by MIC and inhibition zone . Conclusions The virtual screening method could decrease consumption and increase the efficiency of finding anti-tuberculosis ingredients of TCM.

A cold-adapted (ca), temperature sensitive (ts), live attenuated influenza B virus strain B/Ann Arbor/1/66 was chosen for influenza virus rescue research, in which six internal gene segments, PB1, PB2, PA, NP, M, NS, were fully synthesized and nine amino acid substitutions were artificially alter by human intervention. The resultant B/Ann Arbor/1/66 plasmids were named as pAB121-PB1, pAB122-PB2, pAB123-PA, pAB124-HA, pAB125-NP, pAB126-NA, pAB127-M and pAB128-NS, respectively. A recombinant influenza A virus was previously generated entirely from cloned cDNA. An infectious recombinant influenza B virus was generated here, and designated as rMDV-B, by plasmid-based reverse genetics. The rMDV-B virus contained HA and NA genes from an epidemic influenza B vires strain B/Malaysia/2506/2004 in the background of internal genes derived from influenza B virus strain B/Ann Arbor/1/66. HA titer of rMDV-B in MDCK cells and embryonated chicken eggs ranged from 1 : 64 to 1 : 512. The results may allow an effective live influenza B vaccine to be produced from a single master strain, providing a model for the design of future live human influenza vaccines.