Objective To study the effects of dexamethasone(Dex) on expression of aquaporin-4(AQP4) in rabbit non-pigmented ciliary epithelium(NPCE).Methods To construct rabbit corticosteroid-induced glaucoma model and then compare the differences of AQP4 expression in NPCE with normal controls by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence methods,as well as Western blot method.Results The immunohistochemistry results indicated that the AQP4 expression in NPCE of DEX group(OD=0.119?0.072) was suppressed(0.242?0.056)(P

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of valproic acid in preventing astrocyte proliferation around the central canal of rats following spinal cord injury.Methods Forty-five Wister rats were divided into normal control group (n =5),injury group (n =20) and treatment group (n =20) according to random number table.Animal models of acute spinal cord injury were produced at T10 using Allen' s method by dropping a 10 g weight from a 15 mm height.Rats in treatment group received intraperitoneal injection of valproic acid (300 mg · kg-1 · d-1 in two divided doses) at 30 minutes postinjury.Instead,rats in injury group were injected with an equal volume of saline in the same way.Hindlimb function was evaluated using BBB scoring system at 1,3,7,and 14 days postinjury.Astrocytes proliferation around central canal and expression of glial fibrous acid protein (GFAP) were examined.Results In normal control group,few astrocytes around spinal central canal and a low expression of GFAP were detected.In injury group,astrocytes began to increase at 24 hours postinjury; fluorescence intensity for GFAP was 24.6 ± 3.6 at 24 hours,reached a peak of 69.2 ± 6.4 at 3 days,maintained a high level of 56.7 ± 5.6 at 7 days,and reduced to 35.4 ± 4.3 at 14 days,a level that remained higher than that in normal control group (11.2 ± 1.6).Whereas in treatment group at 3 and 7 days,astrocyte proliferation around spinal central canal was lower than that in injury group; GFAP expressions (47.8 ± 5.3 and 42.2 ± 6.7) were lower than those in injury group (F =177.6,P ＜ 0.05).At 3,7,and 14 days,BBB scores in treatment group (7.80 ± 0.83,12.00 ± 1.58,and 16.60 ± 1.12 respectively) were significantly higher than those in injury group (4.60 ± 0.54,6.65 ± 0.67,and 9.40 ± 1.14 respectively) (F =1 113.6,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion After spinal cord injury,valproic acid reduces astrocyte proliferation around central canal via inhibiting GFAP expression to promote functional recovery.

Objective To investigate the cause of air emboli during hysteroscopic surgery.Methods Thirty-five ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients,aged 22-59 yr,with a body mass index of 18-25 kg/m2,undergoing hysteroscopic surgery under spinal anesthesia,were involved in this study.Electrocision and electric coagulation were performed using the electrotome during surgery.Air emboli in the common iliac vein,superior vena cava,inferior vena cava and heart were continuously monitored using color Doppler ultrasonic imaging.The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the occurrence of the air embolus:air embolus group and no air embolus group.The possible factors which induced air emboli were analyzed.Results Air emboli developed in 15 patients at ( 19 ±10) min after perfusion with 5％ glucose injection and the incidence was 43％.A small number of air emboli (the numberof bubble ＜ 10/s) occurred in 4 cases.A moderate number of air emboli (10/s≤ the number of bubble≤20/s) occurred in 7 cases.A large number of air emboli (the number of bubble ＞ 20/s) occurred in 4 cases.Compared with no air embolus group,the using time of electrotome was significantly prolonged in air embolus group ( P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The cause of air emboli during hysteroscopic surgery may be related to the using time of electrotome.

Objective To explore the methodology and the indications of applying the porous high-density polyethylene(Medpor)combined with auricular cartilage in nasal plasty.Methods A total of 36 cases of nasal plasty were treated with the 8.5 mm thick Medpor implant(speader strut graft)and combined with the auricular cartilage graft to highlight the nasal tip.Results All 36 cases were satisfactory with the effects,and there were no complications such as infection,exposure of the implants and so on.Conclusions Medpor can supply the powerful supporting strength to the nasal tip,and it is a safe,effective implant to rebuild the supporting constructions of nasal tip,especially suitable to correct the over-rotation of nasal tip,flat nasal tip,and short nose.

Objective To develop a vaccine for Wilm's tumor in order to lay a foundation for effective treatment and substitute for the radiotherapy and chemotherapy of this tumor. Methods DNA fragments encoding the WT1 antigens (including, HLA-A * 2402 and HLA-A * 2402x), and DNA fragments encoding the couple antigens HLA-A * 2402-HBc and HLA-A * 2402x-HBc were cloned and inserted into the eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1(+) in sense orientation and baculovirus expression pFactbac respectively, then transfected into COS-7 cells and Sf 9 cell respectively. The expression of the target proteins in the cells were identified by CPE, SDS-PAGE and electron microscopy. Virus-like particles were observed under electron microscopy. Results The fusion gene of HLA-A * 2402 and HLA-A * 2402x and HBc express virus-like particle protein. Conclusions This preliminary result shows a hopeful future in developing an effective immunotherapy to Wilm's tumor.

This study was aimed to observe the effect of Bai-Zhu Fu-Ling (BZFL) Decoction in different proportion-ing on VIP and VIPR1 in Crohn's disease (CD) rats with spleen deficiency syndrome, in order to further explore the immunologic mechanism of BZFL Decoction on CD. The CD rat model with spleen deficiency syndrome was estab-lished using exhaustion and hunger. The model rats were treated by BZFL Decoction with different proportioning, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect the expression of VIP and its receptor in colon tissues. The results showed that comparing to the blank control group, the level of VIP and its receptor of the model group significantly increased (P< 0.05). Comparing to the model group, the level of VIP and its receptor in BZFL Decoction B5 group (Rhizoma A tractylodis Macrocephalae:Poria = 12:15), B6 group (Rhizoma A tractylodis Macrocephalae:Poria = 15:12) and B7 group (Rhizoma A tractylodis Macrocephalae:Poria = 18:9) was significantly decreased (P< 0.05). It was con-cluded that the effect of BZFL Decoction of B5 group, B6 group and B7 group was better than other groups in VIP and its receptor which can regulate the VIP and its receptor, inhibit the releasing of inflammatory factors and reduce intestinal inflammation injury.

This study was aimed to explore the function of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway in the induction of brain ischemic tolerance, and observe the function of Shu-Xue Tong-Mai (SXTM) capsule pretreatment. Ischemic preconditioning was performed for 3 min on rats to induce cerebral ischemic tolerance. Rat model of cere-bral ischemia reperfusion (the ischemia pretreatment group, I/R group) was established 24 h later. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of JNK and phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (P-JNK), comparing to the expression with the sham operation group, I/R group and SXTM capsule group. Tunel method was applied to de-tect the apoptosis of neurons. Relationship between expression of JNK, P-JNK and apoptosis of neurons was also studied. The results showed that compared with the model group, expressions of P-JNK in ischemia preconditioning group and SXTM group were declined significantly (P < 0.05); and the apoptosis of neurons quantity was also de-clined (P< 0.05). It was concluded that ischemia preconditioning can decrease the apoptosis of neurons in cerebral ischemia reperfusion, and improve neurologic function. Its mechanism related to the inhibition of JNK signaling path-way. SXTM capsule pretreatment can protect the cerebral by inhibiting the JNK signaling pathway.

A cold-adapted (ca), temperature sensitive (ts), live attenuated influenza B virus strain B/Ann Arbor/1/66 was chosen for influenza virus rescue research, in which six internal gene segments, PB1, PB2, PA, NP, M, NS, were fully synthesized and nine amino acid substitutions were artificially alter by human intervention. The resultant B/Ann Arbor/1/66 plasmids were named as pAB121-PB1, pAB122-PB2, pAB123-PA, pAB124-HA, pAB125-NP, pAB126-NA, pAB127-M and pAB128-NS, respectively. A recombinant influenza A virus was previously generated entirely from cloned cDNA. An infectious recombinant influenza B virus was generated here, and designated as rMDV-B, by plasmid-based reverse genetics. The rMDV-B virus contained HA and NA genes from an epidemic influenza B vires strain B/Malaysia/2506/2004 in the background of internal genes derived from influenza B virus strain B/Ann Arbor/1/66. HA titer of rMDV-B in MDCK cells and embryonated chicken eggs ranged from 1 : 64 to 1 : 512. The results may allow an effective live influenza B vaccine to be produced from a single master strain, providing a model for the design of future live human influenza vaccines.

Six gene segments,PB1,PB2,PA,NP,M and NS,were fully synthesized which derived from the master donor virus (MDV),cold-adapted(ca),temperature sensitive(ts),live attenuated influenza virus strain A/Ann Arbor/6/60(MDV-A).Meanwhile,five amino acid substitutions (PB1-391E,58lG,661T,PB2-265S,NP-34G) were artificially altered by human intervention.HA and NA fragments derived from the 2006-2007 circulating strain A/New Caledonia/20/99 (H1N1).Eight fragments were ligated with modified pAD3000 for rescue plasmid construction.Eiight transcription/expression plasmids were named as pMDV-A-PB2,pMDV-A-PB1,pMDV-A-PA,pMDV-A-NP,pMDV-A-M,pMDV-A-NS,pMDV-A-HA,pMDV-A-NA,respectively.The COS-l cells were co-transfected with eight plasmids representing 6 internal viral backbone of the strain A/AA/6/60 and two plasmids containing the CDNA of the HA and NA segments of the strain A/New Caledonia/20/99 (H1N1),the results showed that cold-adapted,attenuated reassortant influenza A virus Was rescued successfully.Titers of a reassorted influenza A virus in embryonated chicken eggs mnged from 1:29to l:210.The rescue system of six intemal genes used as backbone opens the way for further research on gene function and neotype vaccine candidate of cold-adapted,live attenuated human influenza virus.

Six gene segments, PB1, PB2,PA, NP, M and NS, were fully synthesized which derived from the master donor virus(MDV), cold-adapted(ca),temperature sensitive(ts), live attenuated influenza virus strain A/Ann Arbor/6/60(MDV-A). Meanwhile, five amino acid substitutions (PB1-391E, 581G, 661T, PB2-265S, NP-34G) were artificially altered by human intervention. HA and NA fragments derived from the 2006～2007 circulating strain A/New Caledonia/20/99 (H1N1). Eight fragments were ligated with modified pAD3000 for rescue plasmid construction. Eight transcription/expression plasmids were named as pMDV-A-PB2, pMDV-A-PB1, pMDV-A-PA, pMDV-A-NP, pMDV-A-M, pMDV-A-NS, pMDV-A-HA, pMDV-A-NA, respectively. The COS-1 cells were co-transfected with eight plasmids representing 6 internal viral backbone of the strain A/AA/6/60 and two plasmids containing the cDNA of the HA and NA segments of the strain A/New Caledonia/20/99 (H1N1), the results showed that cold-adapted, attenuated reassortant influenza A virus was rescued successfully. Titers of a reassorted influenza A virus in embryonated chicken eggs ranged from 1∶29 to 1∶210. The rescue system of six internal genes used as backbone opens the way for further research on gene function and neotype vaccine candidate of cold-adapted, live attenuated human influenza virus.