Objective To investigate the change and its clinical significance of the deceleration capacity (DC) of heart rate in elderly patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).Methods A total of 105 elderly CHD patients and 86 elderly non-CHD patients were selected.All patients underwent 24 h ambulatory electrocardiographic recording.DC,heart rate variability (HRV) time domain index,heart rate turbulence (HRT) parameters including turbulence onset (TO) and turbulence slope (TS),and the occurrence of ventricular arrhythmias were off-line calculated.Results The values of DC,HRV and HRT were decreased in elderly patients with CHD.DC had positive correlations with standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN),the square root of the mean squared successive differences between normal-to-normal RR intervals (rMSSD) and percentage of adjacent normal-to-normal intervals that differed more than 50 ms (pNN50) (r=0.60,0.51,0.49,0.41,respectively,all P ＜0.05) and had a negative correlation with the occurrence of ventricular arrhythmias (r=-0.34,P＜0.05).The value of DC was much decreased in elderly CHD patients with type 2 diabetic or acute myocardial infarction.Conclusions The decreased DC value is correlated with heart rate variability,turbulence slope and the occurrence of ventricular arrhythmias in elderly CHD patients.The deceleration capacity of heart rate is a better noninvasive method for screening and predicting sudden death in high-risk elderly patients with CHD.

Objective To establish a polymerase chain reaction(PCR) method to amplify DNA of M.leprae from fixed and paraffin－ embedded tissue(FPET). Methods The DNA of M.leprae was released from FPET by using Texpat Kit and purified with 100％ alcohol. The primers RPOT(1) and RPUT(2) were used to conduct the PCR. Results A total of 32 samples were examined. Out of 32 samples with BI of more than 1＋ , 28 were positive for PCR. The PCR was negative in a sample with BI=0. The sensitivity of PCR reached a level of 0.04 pg DNA. Conclusion This PCR method is very useful for amplifying the DNA of M.leprae from FPET.

Objective To explore whether there were differences in genotypes between strains of M.leprae in China or not. Methods Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the genotypes of M.leprae in samples from patients with leprosy in different parts of China. Results Out of 16 samples from 9 provinces, 91 bp DNA fragments were present in 7 samples and 97 bp DNA fragments in 9 samples. Conclusion Above- mentioned results suggest the genotyping differences in strains of M.leprae with different distribution in areas of China.

Objective:In order to provide policy-makers with basis and reference for improving the operational efficiency of county general public hospitals, this paper studies the changes in overall efficiency, technical efficiency and scale efficiency of 40 county general public hospitals in Fujian province from 2009 to 2014 , as well as how the to-tal factor productivity changes over the time. Methods: After collecting the relevant data of hospital operations from 2009 to 2014, this paper uses CCR, BBC, Malmquist model and other data envelopment analysis (DEA) methods to analyze the data. Results:The vast majority of those 40 county general public hospitals are in decreasing state. The total factor productivity of 40 hospitals from 2009 to 2014 is 1. 019. There are 21 hospitals (52. 5%) that slightly im-proved their productivity, of which 3 hospitals increased their productivity mainly due to technological progress, 3 hospitals due to efficiency increase, and the rest 15 hospitals due to the effect of both technological progress and effi-ciency increase. Conclusions:The operational efficiency of county general public hospitals in Fujian province is gen-erally insufficient, and there are significant differences between operating efficiency of different regions. The efficien-cy of hospitals in mountainous areas had increased, but the efficiency of hospitals in coastal areas had decreased. Therefore, in order to increase investment in county general public hospitals, the government should take differential policy and pay attention to the reasonable control of hospital size, as well as to strengthen the connotation building and attach importance to improving medical service technologies.

Objective To construct 1.3-fold-overlength infectious clone of hepatitis B virus isolated from Chinese patients , observe the expression of plasmid in Huh7 of liver cancer cells and establish genome of HBV in vitro. Methods HBV DNA in serum was extracted from HBV patient. SOE-PCR was performed to produce a 1.3-fold-overlength genome of HBV. The plasmid was named pHBV1.3 (C). After that,pHBV1.3 (C) was transfected into Huh7 cells, HBV related viral antigens and DNA were detected by ELISA,Western Blot and Fluorescence quantitative PCR. Furthermore, adefovir dipivoxil, a clinic anti-viral drug, was utilized to test the sensitivity of the new infectious clone. Results An infectious clone of pHBV1.3 (C) was successfully constructed. HBV gene carried in pHBV1.3 (C) could be efficiently replicated and expressed in Huh7 cells. Adefovir could inhibit HBV replication in this HBV cell model. Conclusions A recombinant plasmid containing 1.3-fold-overlength of HBV genotype C was successfully constructed. This construct is competent to support viral transcription and replication in vitro , suggesting that infectious cells are expected to be a new model of HBV infection in vitro.

Objective To investigate the relevance between the times of cytokine-induced killer cell (CIK cell) adoptive immunotherapy and the survival of the elderly patients with gastric cancer.Methods Lymphocyte separation medium was used to isolate mononuclear cells, and then the cultured CIK cells were infused back into the patients with gastric cancer. A retrospective cohort study was adopted by using Kaplan-Meier to estimate median survival time and survival rate, using Log-rank test to analyze the impact of clinical factors on survival rate, and using RR and 95% CI to estimate the contact intensity of death outcome, survival time and CIK cell treatment. Results There were nostatistically significant differences in gender,age, tumor site, histological type, invasion depth, lymph node metastasis, pathological grade, tumor size or tumor distribution between chemotherapy group and CIK treatment group (all P＞0.05). The median survival time of patients with gastric cancer was significantly longer in CIK treatment group than in chemotherapy group (61 vs. 21, χ2=10.215, P=0.001). Compared with the patients treated by chemotherapy alone, the increased times of CIK treatment induced more survival rate and 2-5 years life spans (χ2=12. 461, P=0.006). Conclusions With the treatment that CIK cells are infused back into the elderly patients with gastric cancer, the risk of death is reduced, and the lifespan is prolonged, which is associated with the CIK cell treatment times.

Objective To study the effect of animation in the course of medical statistics.Methods By convenience cluster sampling,271 undergraduates in two classes were recruited from the specialty of medical image,medical anesthesia and medical laboratory.The experimental group (n =139) and control group (n =132) were set up randomly.The animation design is only used in the teaching process among the experimental group,while traditional teaching method without animation was used in the control group.All participants were surveyed by questionnaire for the effectiveness after one week of the curriculum closure.SPSS 15.0 software was used to do data entry and statistical analysis and two-sample t-test was used to compare the differences in text scores between two groups.Evaluation was made on the courseware of animation in experimental group.P ＜ 0.05 signifies that the differences have statistical significances.Results The test scores in experimental group (79.62 ± 9.34)were significantly higher than those in control group (77.10 ± 9.18; P ＜ 0.05).More than 85 ％ of the experimental students think animation can stimulate their enthusiasm in studying medical statistics; and help them better understand the key points and main difficulties of the statistical knowledge.Conclusion It suggests that animation can enable students to study better the course of medical statistics.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution of bacteria detected from blood culture of pediatric patients and to observe the antibiotic resistance of these bacteria. METHODS The BacT/Alert blood culture system was applied for culture.Species identification and antibiotic resistance tests were performed by the VITEK automicroscan system. RESULTS Coagulase-negative staphylococcus(CNS) and Staphylococcus aureus accounted for 67.2% and 7.8%, respectively.The proportion of Gram-negative bacteria was 14.4%.The resistant rate of CNS and S.aureus to oxacillin was 85% and 36%,respectively.The strains producing the extended spectrum beta-lactamases(ESBLs) of Gram-negative bacteria were often detected. CONCLUSIONS Gram-postive bacteria are the main pathogens detected from the blood culture of pediatric patients.Detection rate of CNS is the highest.Multiresistant strains are common.

Objective To evaluate the performance of ACL TOP coagulation analyzer system in the laboratory of children′s hospital. Methods According to the documents of CLSI, the analytic characteristics including precision, accuracy, linearity, interference and carryover rate were examined; specimens from healthy children were collected and assayed to determine the reference range of Prothrombin Time (PT), Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT), Thrombin Time (TT), Fibrinogen (FIB) and D-Dimer (D-D) from children on ACL TOP. Results The within-run and between-day coefficient of variability (CV) were within an acceptable range; The accuracy deviation of PT , APTT and FIB were less than 1/2 allowed total errors; The results of determination of FIB linearity test were correlated with the results of calculation: Y = 1.002 1X-0.122, R2 =0.998 2; The extent of influence of low to middle grade of jaundice , fat and hemolysis on each test were all less than 1/2 allowed total error; The carryover rates were lower than 1.81% and within an acceptable range; The reference range of PT, APTT, TT and FIB were PT (9.1-13.1 s), APTT (24.9-42.1 s), TT (12.6-21.1 s), FIB (1.924-4.011 g/L). Conclusion The ACL TOP coagulation analyzer has good repeatability, stability, linearity and capability of anti-interference and anti-carryover.

Objective To investigate the efficiency and safety as well as the effect of chronic intravenous iron supplementation on the improvement of anemia in the patients with maintain hemodialysis (MHD). Methods Fifty-six patients with MHD were involved in the six-month, controlled trail and randomly divided into two groups: intravenous iron group (IV group) and oral iron group (oral group). The patients of IV group (n=28) were intravenously pumped 100 mg iron dextran during each hemodialysis session for the total amount of 1000 mg,after that,100 mg iron dextrin each two weeks. Patients in the oral group took 525 mg ferrous sulfate a day during the first three months and received iron dextran on the above methods under stopping oral iron supplement during the second three months. The efficacy was assessed by determining the change of hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), serum ferritin (SF) and transferring saturation (TSAT). Results The levels of Hb, Hct, SF, TSAT were increasing in the IV group after trail and there were evidently difference in those markers in the first three months, compared to the oral group, P