OBJECTIVE To study the incidence rate of nosocomial infection and risk factors in our Cancer Center during 2006-2007.METHODS All the reported cases of nosocomial infection from 2006 to 2007 in our Center were analyzed retrospectively.RESULTS From the 50011 hospitalized patients,952 were infected.The infection rate of the hospital was 1.9%,with the case infection rate of 2.12%.Infection usually occurred at the respiratory tract,gastrointestinal tract and oral cavity,with the constituent ratio of 48.6%,34.12% and 13.22%,respectively.Cancer,chemotherapy,radiotherapy and surgery were the leading predisposing factors.CONCLUSIONS The main infected site is respiratory tract.Cancer and the clinical therapies may lead to infection,so we should pay more attention to the nosocomial infection in the cancer therapy.

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of mycoplasma pneumonia with pulmonary atelectasis and lavage interventional effect through fiberoptic bronchoscopy in children.Methods During Jun 2012 to Apr 2013,fifty-three children diagnosed of mycoplasma pneumonia with pulmonary atelectasis who received fiberoptic bronchoscopy were enrolled as the experimental group.Thirty-five children diagnosed of mycoplasma pneumonia without pulmonary atelectasis were chosen as control group.According to the lavage interventional time of fiberoptic bronchoscopy,we divided the patients in the experimental group into two groups,the early group and late group.Clinical data and laboratory finds were collected and analyzed.Results The duration of fever,hospital stay and C-reactive protein (CRP) of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P ＜ 0.05).The location of pulmonary atelectasis in the experimental group were usually in the right middle lobe (18 cases,33.9％).Under fiberoptic bronchoscope,all patients had obviously bronchial mucosa congestive edema.Some of them had follicular hyperplasia (9 cases,17.0％),mucosal erosion (3 cases,5.7％),mucus plug formation (7 cases,13.2％) and poor ventilation of segmental bronchi (4 cases,7.5 ％).Neutrophils (43 cases,81.1％) increased and phagocytic cells (31 cases,58.5％) dereased obviously in bronchoalevolar lavage fluid.After treatment in the experimental group,52 children (98.1％) got complete recruitment of atelectasis.The average duration of fever and hospital stay of the early group were significantly shoter than those of late group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Children diagnosed of mycoplasma pneumonia with pulmonary atelectasis had longer fever duration and higher CRP level.Bronchoscopic interventional therapy promoted the recovery of pulmonary atelectasis.Using bronchoscop early in shorten the duration of fever and hospitalization in children diagnosed of mycoplasm pneumonia with pulmonary atelectasis.

Objective To explore the diagnostic significance of Xpert MTB/RIF in cerebrospinal fluid,and evaluate the application for early diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis(TBM).Methods Sixty cases of TBM and 30 cases of non-TBM patients were selected as our subjects.Xpert MTB/RIF and modified Ziehl-Neelsen stain were performed in cerebrospinal fluid.The detection rate of the system and the resistance of the patients were analyzed.Results Eleven cases were diagnosed as the positive cases in 60 cases with TBM,and 0 case was diagnosed as TBM in control group.Sensitivity and specificity of Xpert with TBM were 18.33％ and 100％,respectively.The difference of the two groups was statistically significant (P =0.014).The positive rate of definite group was 23.68％(9 cases),18.18％(2 cases) in probable group and 0％ in possible group,and the difference of the three groups was statistically significant(x2 =3.070,P＞0.05).The resistance rate was 36.36％ (4/11).Sensitivity of the modified Ziehl-Neelsen staín was 63.33％ (38/60).Eleven cases were detected positive by Xpert MTB/RIF,9 cases were positive with modified acid fast staining,and the positive rate was 18.33％,and the difference of the two methods was statistically significant (P =0.000).Conclusion Xpert MTB/RIF test is simple and rapid diagnostic method.The combination of Xpert MTB/RIF and modified ZiehlNeelsen stain will improve the efficiency of the early diagnosis of TBM.

Studies have suggested that human cytomegalovirus-activated infection is closely associated with atherosclerosis. The levels of interleukin-8 increase significantly in human cyto-megalovirus infection-related atherosclerosis, inducing and aggravating inflammatory reaction through the chemokine receptors, and thus plays an important role in the process of atherosclerosis.

Objective To compare the effects of Baimai ointment and baclofen in stroke patients with spas-ticity.Methods 84 cases accompanied by limb spasticity in stroke patients by digital table were randomly divided into Baimai ointment group and baclofen group,42 cases in each group.The Baimai ointment group were treated with Baimai ointment on the spastic limbs,the baclofen group received oral baclofen tablets 30 -75mg/days for 2 weeks, 4 weeks,8 weeks.The curative effects of the two groups were compared before and after treatment.Results Before and after treatment in the two groups,the levels of spasticity,pain and activities of daily living (ADL)differences were statistically significant and Baimai ointment in the treatment of spasm.After 4 weeks and 8 weeks,the Ashworth score of the Baimai ointment group were (1.59 ±0.46)points,(0.89 ±0.56)points,and those of baclofen group were (1.75 ±0.64)points,(1.45 ±0.48)points,the differences were statistically significant(t values were 2.916, 3.367,all P <0.05).After 2 weeks,4 weeks and 8 weeks,the VAS score of the Baimai ointment group were (2.72 ± 0.54)points,(2.02 ±0.24)points,(1.24 ±0.12)points,and baclofen group were (3.56 ±0.44)points,(3.15 ± 0.48)points,(2.58 ±0.26)points,the differences were statistically significant(t values were 2.975,3.359,5.416, all P <0.05),activities of daily living (ADL)was higher than that of the baclofen group.After 8 weeks,the MBI score of the Baimai ointment group was (64.46 ±10.78)points,and baclofen group was (50.74 ±9.18)points,the difference was statistically significant between the two groups (t values was 3.562,P <0.05).Conclusion Baimai ointment has the better antispasmodic effect than baclofen in patients with stroke.

Objective To investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms in the intron 1 of thyroid stimnulating hormone receptor gene (TSHR) and Graves' disease (GD) in the Chinese Han population from Linyi city,Shandong Province.Methods A total of 1759 GD patients and 1740 control subjects were recruited for genotyping in TSHR intron 1 with genome-wide association study (GWAS) and Taqman probe technique.At the same time,serum thyroid hormone and TSH receptor antibody (TRAb) levels of patients were determined.Results Five SNPs were selected for further replication.The rs12101261 _T was significantly associated with GD risk ( OR=1.257,95％CI 1.137-1.390,P =8.23 × 10-6 ). Logistic regression identified that rs12101261 was an independent susceptibility locus of GD ( P=1.61 × 10-3 ).Furthermore,rs12101261 _T was strongly associated with GD ( OR =1.317,95％ CI 1.171-1.481,P=4.14× 10-4 ) in TRAb positive patients,but no association in TRAb negative patients ( OR=1.056,95％ CI 0.892-1.251,P=0.524 ).Serum TRAb concentration showed remarkable difference among three genotype groups of rs12101261.Conclusions Five SNPs in TSHR intron 1 are associated with GD.rs12101261 contributes to increased GD risk independently and is associated with serum TRAb level.