Objective To study the effect of scopolamine butylbromide injection combined with tamsulosin oral auxiliary extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy(ESWL) in the treatment of urinary calculi,and to investigate its effect on serum inflammatory factors.Methods From January 2016 to May 2017,96 patients with urinary calculi in the People's Hospital of Lanxi were selected and randomly divided into control group(n =42) and observation group(n =54).The control group received scopolamine butylbromide assisted ESWL treatment,the observation group treated with tamsulosin on the basis of the control group.The VAS score,clinical efficacy,adverse reactions and serum C reactive protein(CRP),tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-alpha) and other inflammatory factors were compared between the two groups.Results Before treatment,no statistically significant difference in VAS score was found between the two groups (t =0.274,P ＞ 0.05).After treatment,the VAS score of the observation group was (2.21 ± 0.28) points,which was significantly lower than that of the control group[(4.75 ± 0.63) points] (t =7.935,P ＜ 0.05).The stone clearance rate in the observation group was 96.30％ (52/54),which was significantly higher than that in the control group[71.43％ (30/42)] (x2 =6.712,P ＜ 0.05).The time of disappearance of pain in the observation group was (10.86 ± 1.54) d,which was significantly lower than that in the control group [(7.02 ± 1.25) d] (t =7.468,P ＜0.05).The lithecbole time of the observation group was (9.01 ± 1.53) h,which was significantly shorter than that of the control group[(13.25 ± 2.21) h] (t =8.035,P ＜ 0.05).Before treatment,there were no statistically significant differences in serum CRP and TNF-levels between the two groups (t =0.152,0.185,all P ＞0.05).After treatment,the serum level of CRP in the observation group was (11.64 ± 1.75) mg/L,which was significantly lower than that in the control group [(18.94 ± 2.03) mg/L] (t =7.008,P ＜ 0.05).After treatment,the serum TNF-level in the observation group was (13.95 ± 2.01)mg/L,which was significantly lower than that in the control group[(20.76 ±3.18) mg/L] (t =7.008,P ＜0.05).The incidence rate of adverse reactions of the observation group was 5.56％,which was significantly lower than 26.19％ of the control group (x2 =9.572,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Urinary calculi underwent intravenous infusion of scopolamine butylbromide combined with tamsulosin oral adjuvant ESWL therapy,can effectively reduce the pain of patients,reduce the serum levels of inflammatory cytokines,improve the stone clearance rate,and with less complications,it is worthy of clinical popularization and application.

ObjectiveTo probe the possibility of functional sensory endings regeneration after end-to-side neurorrhaphy. MethodsFifteen New Zealand rabbits were used in this study. The left greater auricular nerve served as the donor nerve. A nerve graft taken from the right ear served as the receptive nerve which anastomosed to the donor nerve with the other end implanting into the denervated skin flap. Normal skin and denervated skin flap without nerve implantation served as control groups 5 animals in each group. The single nerve fibre recording technique was used to investigate the number,distribution and types of regenerated discharging nerve fibers 4 months after operation. ResultsThe inductive discharges of nerve fibres wave observed in all types of regenerated sensory nerves ,the total discharging fibers was about 58% of that in normal skin. Few discharging fibers were observed in denervated skin flap without nerve implantation. Conclusion End-to-ide neurorrhaphy can regenerate functional axons.

Objective To probe the possibility of functional sensory endings regeneration after end to side neurorrhaphy Methods Fifteen New Zealand rabbits were used in this study The left greater auricular nerve served as the donor nerve A nerve graft taken from the right ear served as the receptive nerve which anastomosed to the donor nerve with the other end implanting into the denervated skin flap Normal skin and denervated skin flap without nerve implantation served as control groups 5 animals in each group The single nerve fibre recording technique was used to investigate the number,distribution and types of regenerated discharging nerve fibers 4 months after operation Results The inductive discharges of nerve fibres wave observed in all types of regenerated sensory nerves,the total discharging fibers was about 58% of that in normal skin Few discharging fibers were observed in denervated skin flap without nerve implantation Conclusion End to ide neurorrhaphy can regenerate functional axons

Objective To evaluate the long term effect of acellular allogeneic nerve grafting combined with exogenous basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in peripheral nerve repair. Methods Sixteen big-ear Japanese rabbits were divided into experimental and control groups randomly. In the experimental group, 3 cm-long acellular allogeneic nerves from New Zealand rabbit were used to bridge the rabbit tibial nerve defects; and 1 ml bFGF solution was given from the second day once daily for 2 weeks and twice a week for another 6 weeks after surgery. In the control group, normal saline solution was given. Morphological and functional results were evaluated 20 weeks after the nerve repair. Results The recovery rates of the evoked potential and the nerve conduction velocity in the experimental group were 67.59%?29.63% and 59.79%?21.11%, respectively, significantly higher than that (49.07%? 15.74% and 36.85%?18.69% respectively) in the control group (P

Objective To evaluate the promoting effect by bFGF on nerve regeneration following acellular allogeneic nerve grafting,and the effects of various concentration of bFGF on axon growth. Methods The animals were divided into 1 000U/ml, 500U/ml, 250U/ml,100U/ml and normal saline groups. Immunohistochemistry staining of neurofilament-160 and S-100 was used to show the length of axonal growth and Schwann cell infiltration 10 days after the surgery. Results The average distance of regenerated nerve fibers in the high dose groups (1 000U/ml and 500U/ml) was longer than that in the normal saline control group;but there was no difference between the low dose groups (250U/ml and 100U/ml) and the control group. Conclusion Early use of bFGF when acellular allogeneic nerve grafted to bridge peripheral nerve defect may obviously promote axon growth speed.

BACKGROUND:Lung cancers are highly heterogeneous and resistant to available therapeutic agents, with a five year survival rate of less than 15%. It has been difficult to determine the basis of lung cancer heterogeneity and drug resistance. Cancer stem cellmodel has attracted a significant amount of attention in recent years as a viable explanation for the heterogeneity, drug resistance, dormancy and recurrence and metastasis of various tumors. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the current understanding of lung cancer stem cells, including their histological types and tumor growth areas, and to discusses the prognosis of lung cancer and its relationship with lung cancer stem cells, in an effort to eradicate these cells to combat lung cancer. METHODS:In order to search relevant articles about the lung cancer stem celland its relationship with lung cancer from PubMed and Sciencedirect databases (from 1990 to 2014), a computer-based search was performed, using the key words of“lung cancer, cancer stem cell, lung cancer stem cell, lung cancer occur, tumor heterogeneity, drug resistance, gene mutation, signal pathways”in English. After eliminating literatures which were irrelevant to research purpose or containing a similar content, 48 articles were chosen for further analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The cancer stem cellmodel has gained considerable support recently in context of lung cancers and stem-like cells that are associated with aggressive cancer behavior, metastatic progression, resistance to therapy and relapse. Since lung cancer stem cells are thought to consist of a heterogeneous population depending on the histology and site of tumors, and multiple signaling pathways might have to be targeted to effectively eliminate lung cancer stem cells for therapeutic benefit. It can be imagined that the multidisciplinary efforts currently under way to characterize and target stem-like cells in lung cancer wil reap significant therapeutic benefits in the future.

Objective To evaluate the role of three dimensional (3D) speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) in detection of subclinical left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction in patients with aortic stenosis (AS).Methods The study included 47 patients with AS and 50 age-matched healthy individuals.Conventional echocardiographic parameters were measures,and 3D Speckle tracking imaging of the peak systolic strain was recorded.Results Three-dimensional global longitudinal strain (3D-GLS) were significantly reduced in patients with AS compared to controls (P ＜ 0.01).Three-dimensional global circumferential strain (3D-GCS) were significantly increased (P ＜ 0.05).Three-dimensional global area strain (3D-GAS) and three-dimensional global radial strain (3D-GRS) were similar between two groups (P ＞0.05).Correlation analysis showed that |3D-GLS| was negatively correlated with left ventricular mass index (LVMI) (r =-0.59,P ＜0.05) irrespective of |3D-GAS|,|3D-GCS|,3D-GRS,and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).Conclusions Patients with AS have evidence of subclinical LV systolic dysfunction despite preserved EF％.3D speckle tracking appears is useful in detection of subclinical LV dysfunction in patients with AS.

Clinical practice is quite important transition phase for medical students to become qualified doctors,and development of surgerical skills is the diffficult and key point in the clinical practice.Intensive training of surgerical skills before clinical practice can enhance the confidence and efficiency of medicine students during the course of clinical practice.Whihin limited time,the key of intensive training of surgerical skills is the training of aseptic technique and basic skills of surgery,and during the course of training,attention should be paid to both principle and details.

Prosthesis for femoral head surface replacement was designed. Between January 2002 and December 2005,28 patients underwent femoral head surface replacement in Anyang People's Hospital. The diameter of the normal femoral head was determined by CT,and the prosthesis was selected according to the measured value ±1 mm. With the muscle gap approach,the center of the femoral head was determined according to the measured distance between the femoral head center and the culminated point of the round ligament fossa based on the mark of the culminated point of the round ligament pit. Additionally,the diameter of the femoral head was measured again to ensure the precise match of the prosthesis and acetabulum. X-ray films at 24-48 months show no loosening or dislocation of the prosthesis,which was well matched with acetabulum. Furthermore,the joint space did not remarkably change. The mean score was 63 before operation and 91.5 after operation respectively according to Harris sore. The successful rate is 92.86% (excellent in 23cases,good in 3,and improved in 2). The results show that femoral head surface replacement is an effective method for young patients with avascular necrosis of the femoral head at the stage of ARCO HI.

Objective To investigate the pattern of plasma kisspeptin levels in normal female during various pubertal Tanner stages and the girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty(ICPP) or with premature thelarche(PT), and to evaluate the significance of detecting plasma kisspeptin levels as a new criterion for early differentiation between ICPP and PT.Methods Each study group of normal pubertal females with Tanner stage Ⅰ to Ⅴ comprised 16 to 19 individuals.The levels of plasma kisspeptin were also detected in girls with ICPP(n= 10)or PT(n = 12).The plasma kisspeptin levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results The level of kisspeptin was significantly higher in ICPP group than in that of PT group [(1.73±0.23 vs1.43±0.29) ng/ml, P＜0.05].Among the normal pubertal females, the level of kisspeptin decreased gradually from Tanner stage Ⅱ to Tanner stage Ⅴ, being highest in Tanner stage Ⅱ [(1.73±0.22) ag/ml] ,lower in stage Ⅳ and Ⅴ than in stage Ⅰ and Ⅲ (P＜0.01).Conclusions Plasma kisspeptin level was the highest during Tanner stage Ⅱ in normal female pubertal development.It is significant to detect plasma kisspeptin level for the differential diagnosis of ICPP and PT.