Xixin [Asarum heterotropoides Fr. Schmidt Var mandshuricum ( Maxim ) kitag] is a Chinese drug which has a little toxicityas recorded in ancient Chinese medical books. It was demon-strated in this article that the toxicity of Xixin was caused by itsessential oil. When the mice were administered with Xixin oil and its decoction without oil in equal doses separately, the mortality rate for the oil group was 70%, whereas no death was observed in the group of decoction without oil. By synchronous recording the EKG and EEG of cerebral cortex, hippocampus and reticular formation of midbrain in the rabbits, it was revealed that the EKG underwent following changes after the administration of Xixin oil: fast wave of low amplitude→slow wave of high amplitude→slow wave of low amplit ude→burst-suppression pattern→electrical silence. EEG vanished after the electrical silence of cerebral cortex,hippocampus and midbrain reticular formation.The LD50 and ED50 of Xixin oil was calculated 27.0?0.4ml/kg and 18.3?0.8ml/kg respectively,safety coefficient 1.47, being significantly less than control drug sodium amytal.

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical effects of needle-pricking therapy, a newly medical and minimally invasive technique, for functional retrograde ejaculation and to explore its mechanism. Methods Thirty-six patients with functional retrograde ejaculation were randomly divided into an observation group(19 cases) and a control group(17 cases) In the observation group,needle-pricking therapy was used at Guanyuan(CV 4) and bilateral sacral plexus nerve,lumbar 1 nerve and greater occipital nerve stimulating points,once a week. In the control group, midodrine tablets were prescribed orally,three times a day. All the treatment was given for 9 weeks. The clinical effects of the two groups were observed, and the levels of luteinizing hormone(LH), testosterone(Tes) and estra4 diol(E2) were compared between the two groups.

RESULTSThe total effective rate of the observation group was, 89. 47%(17/19), which was better than 47.06% (8/17) of the control group(P<0. 05). The LH and Tes were obviously increased and E2 was decreased compared with those before treatment in the observation group(all P< 0. 01). Tes was raised(P<0. 05) and E2 was apparently declined in the control group(P<0. 01). After treatment, the differences of serum LH and Tes were statistically significant between the two groups(both P<0. 01).

CONCLUSIONNeedle-pricking therapy has advantages for functional retrograde ejaculation probably in that stimulating lumbosacral nerves can strengthen the function of pelvic floor muscles and urethral expansion muscle and regulate sexual gland axis.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Ejaculation ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Needles ; Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome

BACKGROUND:Prefabricated customized bone flaps have the advantages of few trauma, good vascularization, ossification with predetermined shape, and can be used to restore bone defects with compromised blood bed.
OBJECTIVE:To establish animal models of mandibular reconstruction with prefabricated, customized bone flaps.
METHODS:After computed tomography scanning of nine rhesus’ head, customized meshes were made. After loading with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2-incorporated demineralized freeze-dried bone al ograft (DFDBA) or coral ine hydroxyapatite (CHA), the constructs were implanted in latissimus dorsi muscle. Meanwhile, segmental mandibular defects were created, and the customized meshes loaded with DFDBA, CHA, or recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2-incooperated DFDBA and CHA were implanted in situ. At 13 weeks, prefabricated bone flaps with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2-incorporated DFDBA or CHA were transferred to repair segmental mandibular defects. Clinical and histological analyses were used to evaluate the ossification and vascularization of the prefabricated implants in ectopic and orthotopic sites.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Segmental mandibular defects were successful y restored with prefabricated bone flaps and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2-incorporated CHA in situ, but other segmental mandibular defects remained with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2-incorporated DFDBA, DFDBA and CHA in situ. Moreover, mandibles reconstructed with prefabricated bone flaps revealed more regenerated and homogeneous bone formation than other reconstructions. These findings suggest that the animal model of mandibular reconstruction with prefabricated, customized bone in rhesus monkey is applicable.

Objective To investigate the association of estrogen receptor-? (ER-?) and vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms with peak bone mass in Shanghai women. Methods The ER-? PvuⅡ and XbaⅠ genotypes and VDR ApaⅠ genotypes were determined by PCR-RFLP in 515 unrelated healthy women aged 19-40 years of Han nationality in Shanghai. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Results Frequencies of ER-? PvuⅡ genotype PP, Pp and pp were 13.2%, 49.3% and 37.5% respectively. Frequencies of ER-? XbaⅠ genotype XX, Xx and xx were 4.7%, 40.4% and 54.9% respectively. Frequencies of VDR ApaⅠ genotype AA, Aa and aa were 5.8%, 41.9% and 52.3% respectively. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was evident for both ER-? and VDR gene polymorphisms. No association was found between ER-? PvuⅡ and XbaⅠ genotypes and BMD of various sites in women. Only a significant association was found between VDR ApaⅠ genotype and BMD at L 1-4(P

Congenital bicuspid aortic valves(BAV)is one of the most common congenital heart diseases.It is generally diagnosed by echocardiography when deterioration of the abnormal leaflets becomes clinically evident.Patients with BAV are at increased risks of developing serious complications, including aortic stenosis, aortic regurgitation, aortic dilation, aortic dissection and/or aneurysm, which seriously threatens the health of patients.Although its diagnosis and surgical treatment have been clear, the specific pathogenesis has not been completely revealed.Recently, studies have found that gene mutations and related signaling pathway abnormalities are associated with BAV and its complications.And epigenetics and environmental factors are involved in the development and progress of BAV.Understanding the underlying cellular and molecular basis of normal and pathological aortic valve development may improve the preventative and therapeutic approaches to valve degeneration.

Objective: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of cluster vomiting diarrhea outbreaks caused by Sapovirus infection in Baoshan District, Shanghai, and to provide reference for the standardized management of cluster vomiting diarrhea events in schools. Methods: The cluster of vomiting and diarrhea outbreaks in Baoshan District from 2017 to 2019 were collected, and the basic information and scene of each cluster were summarized. Sample results were collected and descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the outbreak. Results: From 2017 to 2019, a total of 100 cluster vomiting and diarrhea events were reported in Baoshan District, including 9 cases caused by Sapovirus, 120 cases of cluster vomiting diarrhea caused by Sapovirus, with an average incidence rate of 2.37%, including 39 laboratory confirmed cases, the epidemic epidemic time was mainly concentrated in September to November, the places were distributed in 4 primary schools and 5 kindergartens, the main clinical manifestations were vomiting (112/120, 93.33%), abdominal pain (27/120, 22.50%), diarrhea (26/120, 21.67%), compared with Norovirus events, the positive rate, vomiting and fever ratios of Zarovirus were lower than those of Norovirus( χ 2=8.32, 4.52, 14.20, P <0.05). Conclusion In school cluster vomiting and diarrhea events, the positive detection rate of Sapovirus is second enteric vinus behind Norovirus, and it s recommended to formulate a prevention and control plan for Sapovirus infection diarrhea to provide a basis for the on site treatment of school cluster vomiting diarrhea events.